Scaling WordPress with containers - WPHooked June 2017

Transcript

1. Scaling WordPress with containers 13/06/17 WP Hooked London
2. Who am I? Craig Willis Web Developer @ Ayima Co-organiser PHP London @craigwillis85
3. What is scalability?
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability Scalability is the capability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work, or its potential to be enlarged to accommodate that growth
5. So what does that mean?
7. Traditional scaling techniques
8. Vertical Scaling
9. Horizontal Scaling
10. Speed != Scale https://www.slideshare.net/ircmaxell/high-performance-php-phpnw Speed == User Experience Scale == Server Experience
11. Steps to scale
12. Split up the application/infrastructure
13. Databases Files Sessions Web servers
14. Forget about local storage
15. Servers are cattle not pets
16. We’ll come back to scaling later
17. Ok, lets look at containers
18. What is a container?
19. What is a container? Lightweight, stand-alone, executable package Includes everything it needs to run Runtime, system tools, libraries, settings Built on top of facilities of linux kernel Does not include / require a separate operating system
21. Demo Application
22. WordPress REST API VueJS
23. docker-compose
24. docker-compose.yml
25. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wphookeddemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wphookeddemo' ports: - "3306:3306" demoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
26. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wphookeddemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wphookeddemo' ports: - "3306:3306" demoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
27. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wphookeddemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wphookeddemo' ports: - "3306:3306" demoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
28. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wphookeddemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wphookeddemo' ports: - "3306:3306" demoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
29. docker-compose up -d
30. $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE PORTS NAMES f41a217b93aa mysql:5.6 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp wphookedwordpress_database 8ad8f1ad3a1c craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp wphookedwordpress_demoapp
31. Do NOT use docker-compose in production!
32. How do we run our containers in production?
34. https://kubernetes.io Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, management and scaling of containerized applications
35. What we’re going to be building Internet http://d2mc1n7mzp6nc0.cloudfront.net http://xxxxxx.cloudfront.net CloudFront S3 ELB EC2 RDS API CALL api.myawesomewebsite.com
36. A Pod is a collection of containers sharing a network and mount namespace and is the basic unit of deployment in Kubernetes. All containers in a pod are scheduled on the same node.
37. Pods Server
38. Services
39. A Service is an abstraction for pods, providing a stable, virtual IP (VIP) address allowing clients to reliably connect to the containers by forwarding traffic to one or more pods
40. Think of it as an internal load balancer diverting traffic to our pods/containers
41. Pods Service
42. apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: wordpress spec: ports: - name: http port: 80 protocol: TCP targetPort: http selector: name: wordpress type: LoadBalancer
43. Deployments
44. A deployment is a supervisor for pods and replica sets, giving you fine-grained control over how and when a new pod version is rolled out as well as rolled back to a previous state.
45. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: wordpress labels: name: wordpress spec: replicas: 5 template: metadata: labels: name: wordpress ………………..
46. spec: containers: - name: wordpress image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:latest imagePullPolicy: Always env: - name: GET_HOSTS_FROM value: dns ports: - containerPort: 80 name: http protocol: TCP imagePullSecrets: - name: docker restartPolicy: Always
47. ReplicaSets
48. A ReplicaSet is a supervisor for long-running pods. An RC will launch a specified number of pods called replicas and makes sure that they keep running, for example when a node fails or something inside of a pod, that is, in one of its containers goes wrong.
49. ReplicaSets replicas: 5
50. This is all great, but what about running this in production?
51. kops https://github.com/kubernetes/kops
52. https://github.com/kubernetes/kops kops helps you create, destroy, upgrade and maintain production-grade, highly available Kubernetes clusters from the command line
53. Creating a cluster
54. export NAME=cluster.wphooked-demo.site export ZONES=${ZONES:-"eu-west-1a"} export NODE_SIZE=${NODE_SIZE:-m4.large} export MASTER_SIZE=${MASTER_SIZE:-m4.large} export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=BLAHBLAH export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=BLAHBLAH
55. kops create cluster $NAME \ --node-count 2 \ --zones $ZONES \ --node-size $NODE_SIZE \ --master-size $MASTER_SIZE \ --master-zones $ZONES \ --networking weave \ --topology private \ --bastion="true" \ --yes
56. Wahey! We have a cluster
57. $ kubectl
58. https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl kubectl is a command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters
59. $ kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS AGE VERSION ip-172-20-50-31…. Ready,master 1h v1.6.2 ip-172-20-55-31…. Ready,node 1h v1.6.2 ip-172-20-56-48…. Ready,node 1h v1.6.2
60. cluster-autoscaler
61. heapster
62. Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA)
63. locust.io
64. Scaling Demo What could go wrong...
65. Thank you!
66. Questions?