From Web Services to Quantum Computing: The Power of Building on the Cloud

AWS Community Day Sri Lanka, September 17th, 2020

Adding new features for your customers, or creating something new from scratch, it’s much easier when you can focus on what you want to build, and not the nuts & bolts of the underlying infrastructure. With AWS, you can start with foundational services for compute, storage, and databases. From there, it’s up to you whether you want to add analytics, leverage machine learning, or understand what is coming next with quantum computing.

Transcript

1. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Danilo Poccia
   Chief Evangelist (EMEA)
   @danilop
   From Web Services to Quantum Computing:
   The Power of Building on the Cloud
   

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2. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Building your ideas…
   

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3. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   IT often starts with a single server…
   Single
   Server
   

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4. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Your customers are happy…
   Single
   Server
   Customers
   

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5. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Your customers are happy… until they are not
   Single
   Server
   Customers
   

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6. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Separate business logic from data
   Application
   Server
   Database
   Server
   Customers
   

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7. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Scalability & availability
   2 x Application
   Servers
   Database
   Server
   Customers
   

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8. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Balancing traffic across multiple application server
   2 x Application
   Servers
   Database
   Server
   Load
   Balancer
   Customers
   

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9. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
   Managing failover across multiple application server
   2 x Application
   Servers
   Database
   Server
   Load
   Balancer
   Customers
   

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10. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability for the database
    2 x Application
    Servers
    Active / Standby
    Database
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    

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11. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability for the database
    2 x Application
    Servers
    Active / Standby
    Database
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    

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12. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Deploying on AWS...
    2 x Amazon EC2
    Instances
    Amazon RDS
    Database
    Application
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    

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13. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    3 it’s better than 2, elasticity is better than any number
    Amazon EC2
    Auto Scaling
    Amazon RDS
    Database
    Application
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    Amazon Aurora
    RDS for MySQL
    RDS for PostgreSQL
    RDS for MariaDB
    RDS for Oracle
    RDS for SQL Server
    

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14. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Scaling the database is more difficult
    Amazon EC2
    Auto Scaling
    Amazon Aurora
    Database
    Application
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    Amazon Aurora
    MySQL or PostgreSQL
    compatible
    

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15. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Which database to use?
    Amazon EC2
    Auto Scaling
    Amazon Aurora
    Database
    Application
    Load
    Balancer
    Customers
    

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16. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Database freedom
    Amazon Aurora
    MySQL or PostgreSQL
    compatible
    Amazon DynamoDB
    Amazon DocumentDB
    with MongoDB compatibility
    Amazon Neptune
    (Graph)
    Amazon QLDB
    (Ledger)
    Amazon Keyspaces
    (for Apache Cassandra)
    

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17. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Using containers
    Amazon Aurora
    MySQL or PostgreSQL
    compatible
    Amazon DynamoDB
    Amazon DocumentDB
    with MongoDB compatibility
    Amazon Neptune
    (Graph)
    Amazon QLDB
    (Ledger)
    Amazon Keyspaces
    (for Apache Cassandra)
    Amazon Elastic
    Container Service
    Amazon Elastic
    Kubernetes Service
    Container
    Container
    Container
    Container
    Container
    

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18. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Tasks, Pods, and Services
    Amazon Aurora
    MySQL or PostgreSQL
    compatible
    Amazon DynamoDB
    Amazon DocumentDB
    with MongoDB compatibility
    Amazon Neptune
    (Graph)
    Amazon QLDB
    (Ledger)
    Amazon Keyspaces
    (for Apache Cassandra)
    Amazon ECS
    Amazon EKS
    Task
    Pod
    Service
    

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19. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Managing containers, not clusters
    Amazon Aurora
    MySQL or PostgreSQL
    compatible
    Amazon DynamoDB
    Amazon DocumentDB
    with MongoDB compatibility
    Amazon Neptune
    (Graph)
    Amazon QLDB
    (Ledger)
    Amazon Keyspaces
    (for Apache Cassandra)
    Amazon ECS
    Amazon EKS
    Task
    Pod
    Service
    AWS Fargate
    

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20. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    AWS Lambda
    Function
    Function
    Function
    What about functions?
    Something
    happens!
    Event
    Any public or
    private resource
    

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21. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Using functions for web applications
    AWS Lambda
    Function
    Function
    Function
    Amazon API
    Gateway
    Application
    Load Balancer
    AWS SDK
    Lambda Invoke API
    sync/async
    

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22. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Adding storage…
    AWS Lambda
    Function
    Function
    Function
    Amazon API
    Gateway
    Application
    Load Balancer
    AWS SDK
    Lambda Invoke API
    sync/async
    Amazon S3
    Bucket
    HTML,
    CSS, JS
    Images
    

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23. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Adding storage and authentication
    AWS Lambda
    Function
    Function
    Function
    Amazon API
    Gateway
    Application
    Load Balancer
    AWS SDK
    Lambda Invoke API
    sync/async
    Amazon S3
    Bucket
    Amazon Cognito
    User
    Auth
    HTML,
    CSS, JS
    Images
    

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24. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    What about availability
    and scalability?
    

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25. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – AWS Global Infrastructure
    

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26. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – AWS Region
    Region
    

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27. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – Availability Zones
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    

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28. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – EC2 instances
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    

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29. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – EC2 Auto Scaling
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    Auto Scaling group
    Auto Scaling group
    

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30. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – Containers
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    

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31. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – Elastic Load Balancer
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    

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32. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Availability and scalability – Fully managed services
    Region
    Availability Zone Availability Zone Availability Zone
    API Gateway
    Lambda Function
    DynamoDB Table
    S3 Bucket
    

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33. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    AWS operational responsibility models
    On-Premises Cloud
    Less More
    Compute Virtual Machine
    EC2 Elastic Beanstalk AWS Lambda
    Fargate
    Databases MySQL MySQL on EC2
    RDS MySQL RDS Aurora Aurora Serverless DynamoDB
    Storage Storage
    S3
    Messaging ESBs
    Amazon MQ Kinesis SQS / SNS
    Analytics
    Hadoop Hadoop on EC2 EMR Elasticsearch Service Athena
    

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34. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    What about Analytics?
    

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35. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Applications produce data…
    Applications
    

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36. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Applications produce data, microservices even more…
    Applications
    

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37. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    ?
    How to store structured and unstructured data?
    Applications
    

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38. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Object storage is much easier to manage and use
    Amazon S3
    Applications
    

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39. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    But this is often raw data, not easy to understand
    Raw Data
    Applications
    ?
    

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40. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Preparing the data…
    Raw Data
    AWS Glue
    Glue
    Crawler
    Glue
    Data
    Catalog
    Glue
    Job
    Prepared Data
    Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL)
    Applications
    

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41. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Preparing the data to be analyzed
    Raw Data
    AWS Glue
    Glue
    Crawler
    Glue
    Data
    Catalog
    Glue
    Job
    Prepared Data
    Amazon Athena
    Amazon Redshift
    Load / Query
    Query
    Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) Analytics
    Applications
    

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42. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Building a Data Lake
    Amazon Athena
    Amazon Redshift
    Load / Query
    Query
    AWS Lake Formation
    

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43. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    What can I do with a Data Lake?
    Data Lake
    ?
    

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44. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Visualizations & business alerts
    Data Lake
    Amazon QuickSight Visualize Alerts
    

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45. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Finding hidden patterns and creating preditions
    Data Lake
    Amazon QuickSight
    Amazon SageMaker
    Visualize Alerts
    Hidden Patterns Predictions
    

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46. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    What about Machine Learning?
    

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47. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Supervised / Unsupervised Learning
    Data
    

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48. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Supervised / Unsupervised Learning
    Data Notebook Model
    Train
    Amazon SageMaker
    Predictions
    

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49. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Supervised / Unsupervised Learning
    Data Notebook Model
    Train
    Amazon SageMaker
    Ground Truth
    Labeled
    Data
    Amazon SageMaker
    Predictions
    

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50. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Supervised / Unsupervised Learning
    Data Notebook Model
    Train
    Amazon SageMaker
    Ground Truth
    Labeled
    Data
    Amazon SageMaker
    Predictions
    Amazon SageMaker
    Autopilot
    Amazon SageMaker
    Experiments
    Amazon SageMaker
    Debugger
    Amazon SageMaker
    Model Monitor
    Amazon SageMaker
    Studio
    

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51. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Supervised / Unsupervised Learning
    Data Notebook Model
    Train
    Amazon SageMaker
    Ground Truth
    Labeled
    Data
    Amazon SageMaker
    Predictions
    Amazon SageMaker
    Autopilot
    Amazon SageMaker
    Experiments
    Amazon SageMaker
    Debugger
    Amazon SageMaker
    Model Monitor
    Amazon SageMaker
    Neo
    Amazon SageMaker
    Studio
    

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52. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Adding human feedback to the loop
    Data Notebook Model
    Train
    Amazon SageMaker
    Ground Truth
    Labeled
    Data
    Amazon SageMaker
    Predictions
    Amazon SageMaker
    Autopilot
    Amazon SageMaker
    Experiments
    Amazon SageMaker
    Debugger
    Amazon SageMaker
    Model Monitor
    Amazon SageMaker
    Neo
    Amazon Augmented AI
    Human
    Feedback
    Amazon SageMaker
    Studio
    

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53. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    And Quantum Computing?
    

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54. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    We are used to store data in “bits” that can be 0 or 1…
    Bit #1
    Value
    It’s 0 !
    0 1
    

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55. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    We are used to store data in “bits” that can be 0 or 1…
    Bit #1
    Bit #2
    0 1
    Value
    Bit #3
    It’s 0 !
    It’s 1 !
    It’s 1 again !
    

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56. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    “Qubits” can still have 2 different states…
    Qubit #1
    Qubit #2
    | ⟩
    | ⟩
    
    Value
    It’s | ⟩
    0
    It’s | ⟩
    1
    

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57. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    “Qubits” can still have 2 different states, but they can be
    in superposition
    Qubit #1
    Qubit #2
    Value
    Qubit #3
    Qubit #4
    It’s | ⟩
    0 50% of the time, | ⟩
    1 the other 50%
    It’s | ⟩
    0 90% of the time, | ⟩
    1 the other 10%
    | ⟩
    | ⟩
    
    It’s | ⟩
    0
    It’s | ⟩
    1
    

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58. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Qubits also have a relative “phase”…
    Qubit #1
    Qubit #2
    Value
    Qubit #3
    Qubit #4
    | ⟩
    | ⟩
    
    

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59. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Qubits also have a relative “phase” that we can use when
    interacting with more than one qubit…
    Qubit #1
    Qubit #2
    Value
    Qubit #3
    Qubit #4
    | ⟩
    | ⟩
    
    

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60. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Qubits can be entangled, so that actions performed on
    one affect the other
    Qubit #1
    Qubit #2
    Value
    Qubit #3
    Qubit #4
    | ⟩
    | ⟩
    
    

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61. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Why are qubits useful?
    • Qubit express perfect randomness
    • Some problems can be solved exponentially faster
    • New algorithms are possible! For example,
    • Grover’s search algorithm – O( ) instead of O()
    • Shor’s factoring algorithm – runs in polynomial time
    • Possible applications are:
    • Molecular simulation
    • Optimization
    • Quantum Machine Learning
    

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62. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Can I use Quantum
    Computing today?
    

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63. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    To extend the power of a CPU…
    CPU
    

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64. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    To extend the power of a CPU, you can add a GPU…
    CPU GPU
    Tensorflow
    PyTorch
    . . .
    

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65. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Similarly, you can add a Quantum Computing Unit (QPU)
    CPU
    

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66. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Similarly, you can add a Quantum Computing Unit (QPU),
    and use high-level frameworks and libraries
    CPU QPU
    Higher-level
    Frameworks
    and Libraries
    

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67. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Explore and experiment with quantum computing
    using Amazon Braket, it’s easier than what you may think!
    Amazon Braket
    Gate-based superconducting qubits Gate-based ion traps Quantum annealing
    AWS Simulator
    Notebook
    

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68. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Quantum Demo J
    Grover’s search algorithm – O( ) instead of O()
    For simplicity, let’s search between 8 different values:
    111
    000
    001
    010
    011
    100
    101
    110
    111
    

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69. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    So what now?
    

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70. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Your time is a limited resource,
    look for tools that let you focus
    on what you want to build
    

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71. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
    Thank you!
    @danilop Please give me your feedback! J
    

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