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すばらしきGraphQLのSEKAIへようこそ
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FUJI Goro
February 09, 2018
Technology
20
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すばらしきGraphQLのSEKAIへようこそ
DroidKaigi 2018のスライドです
FUJI Goro
February 09, 2018
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Transcript
͢Β͖͠ GraphQLͷSEKAIΑ͏ͦ͜ DroidKaigi 2018, day 2, 14:50-15:20 gfx at Bit
Journey, Inc.
ࣗݾհ • ໊લ: gfx (FUJI Goro) • ॴଐ: Bit Journey,
Inc. • ؔΘ͍ͬͯΔϓϩμΫτ: Kibela • ใڞ༗πʔϧ / Wiki • લճͷDroidKaigiͰʮORMͷબͼํʯͰͨ͠
ࣗݾհ
Kibela
Kibela Web API • GraphQLΛ࠾༻ • ෦APIͱͯ͠Ұ෦ಋೖࡁΈ • ެ։༻APIͱͯ͠࠾༻༧ఆ •
2018தʹެ։͍ͨ͠ • ϞόΠϧ༻APIવGraphQL • ΞϓϦReact NativeͰ࣮༧ఆʢ༧ఆ͕Ε͓ͯΓະணखʣ
Agenda • SDD: Schema-Driven Developmentʹ͍ͭͯ • GraphQLͱԿ͔ • GraphQL in
Android • With Java / Kotlin • With React Native
SDD: Schema-Driven Development • SchemaʢʹAPIͱσʔλߏͷఆٛʣͱϩδοΫͷ։ ൃΛಉ࣌ʹਐΊΔ͜ͱ • αʔόʔαΠυͱΫϥΠΞϯταΠυͰschemaΛϕʔε ʹίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ͍͢͠ •
ΫϥΠΞϯταΠυschemaͷมߋΛ͏͜ͱͰαʔ όʔαΠυͷ༷มߋʹै͍͢͠ • Schema͔ΒͷίʔυੜͰܕ҆શͳίʔυΛॻ͚Δ
DroidKaigi 2018ͱSDD • Web APIͷSDDޚࡾՈ͕ἧ͍ʂʂ • ·ͩAPIఆٛཧͰফͯ͠ΔͷʁʙSwaggerΛ༻ ͍ͨେنΞϓϦ࣌ͷAPIఆٛཧͱίʔυδΣ ωϨʔτʙ •
gRPCͱProtocol BuffersͰ࡞ΔɺҰຯҧ͏௨৴पΓ • ͢Β͖͠GraphQLͷSEKAIΑ͏ͦ͜
yugui, 2018 ࠓ͞ΒProtocol BufferͱɺखʹೃછΉಓ۩ͷ https://qiita.com/yugui/items/160737021d25d761b353 “ࣗͷྖҬʹดͨ͡σʔλߏͰ͋Εɺ εΩʔϚͱ͔ܕએݴͱ͔ࡉ͔͍റΓͳ͠Ͱܰྔʹ ਐΊΔͷ͋Γͩɻ͔͠͠ɺଞਓͷྖҬͱͷք໘ ͔ͬ͠Γఆ͓͍ٛͯͨ͠ํ͕ྑ͍ɻεΩʔϚఆ ٛͱ͍͏੫ۚΛࢧΘͳ͍ͱͦͷͷπέͲ͜
͔Ͱճ͖ͬͯͯɺ1ֻ͔࣌ؒΔE2Eςετ͕͚͜Δ ͱ͔ɺि࣍มߋϨϏϡʔ߹ಉձٞͷൃͱ͔ɺͦ ͏͍͏ͭͰࢧ͏͜ͱʹͳΔɻ”
GraphQLͱԿ͔
GraphQLʹ͍ͭͯ • Facebook͕։ൃ͍ͯ͠ΔΫΤϦݴޠ • ϦιʔεऔಘʹಛԽͨ͠Web API༷ͱ͍͑Δ • Web API ͳͷͰ௨৴ϓϩτίϧHTTP
• ೝূresponse bodyͷѹॖͳͲHTTPʹ४ͣΔ • ෦APIͱͯ͠֎෦APIͱͯ͠༗ޮ
“ϦιʔεऔಘʹಛԽͨ͠Web API” • Ϧιʔεऔಘܥ͕ඇৗʹॊೈ͔ͭڧྗ • Ϧιʔεߋ৽ܥϝιουΛఆٛͯ͠ݺͿײ ͡ʹͳΔͷͰGraphQLͰ͋ΔϝϦοτগͳ ͍ • “ϦιʔεͷऔಘʹGraphQLΛͬͯߋ৽
RESTͰ”ͱ͍͏ͷΛఏএ͢Δਓ͍ΔϨϕϧ
GitHubͷGraphQL APIΛ GaphiQLͰோΊΔ
GraphiQLʢάϥϑΟΫϧʣ • The GraphQL IDE • ཁ͢ΔʹAPI console / API
explorer • ิ͕ޮ͘͏͑ʹυΩϡϝϯτϏϡʔΞଂ • GraphiQL͕͋Δ͔ΒGraphQLΛ͏ͱ͍͏Ϩ ϕϧͷڧྗͳπʔϧ
σϞ / movie
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub Ϩεϙϯε +40/ ϦΫΤετ (SBQI2-
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub %#ΧϥϜͷͰͳ͘ ՃࡁΈͷϑΟʔϧυʂ
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub ϦΫΤετΛΈΕ Ϩεϙϯεͷߏ͕Θ͔Δʂ
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub υΩϡϝϯτϏϡʔΞ͖ʂ
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub SPPUʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔͷେ ͷ߹RVFSZͱNVUBUJPOͷΈ
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub ͜͜Ͱྫʹ͍ͬͯΔ SFQPTJUPSZϑΟʔϧυ PXOFSͱOBNΛҾʹͱΓ 3FQPTJUPSZܕΛฦ͢ͱͷ͜ͱ
GraphQLͷ༷ࢠ with GitHub 3FQPTJUPSZܕͷৄࡉ ࣮͍ͯ͠ΔΠϯλʔϑΣΠε ଘࡏ͢ΔϑΟʔϧυ
͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ • ϦΫΤετ͔ΒϨεϙϯεͷߏ͕͔Δ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ͦͷͰඞཁͳϑΟʔϧυ ͚ͩΛϦΫΤετ͢ΔͨΊ༨ܭͳܭࢉ͕ෆཁ • ͨͱ͑ઌͷྫͩͱ “descriptionHTML”
ෆཁͳͱ͖ϦΫΤετ͠ͳ͍͜ͱͰαʔόʔ αΠυͰͷܭࢉΛݮͰ͖Δ
ܕγεςϜ • جຊܕ + ྻ + Ϋϥε + ΠϯλʔϑΣΠε •
جຊܕInt, Float, Boolean, String, ID • Ϋϥε෮ͷΠϯλʔϑΣΠεΛ࣮Ͱ͖Δ • ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεJavaͷͦΕͱ΄΅ಉ͡ • શͯͷܕnon-nullʹͰ͖Δ (e.g. String!)
Mutation • Ϧιʔεߋ৽ܥͷΫΤϦλΠϓ • ࣗ༝ʹ໊લΛ͚ͭΒΕΔͷͰɺRESTͷPOST/ PUT/PATH/DELETEͷ͜ͱΕͯΑ͍
Relay 1. Facebook͕։ൃ͍ͯ͠ΔGraphQLΛલఏͱ͠ ͨView Frameworkͷ͜ͱ 2. Relay (1) ͕αʔόʔʹରͯ͠ٻΊΔ༷Ͱ͋ ΔRelay
Server Specificationͷ͜ͱ • GraphQLίΞʹෆ͢Δ෦Λิ͢Δ ༷ͳͷͰशಘඞਢ
Relay Connection • ϦιʔεϦετͷϖʔδϯάΛఆΊ༷ͨ • edges: ϦετͷεϥΠεΛද͢ྻ • node: Ϧετͷ1ཁૉ
ͳͥRelay Connection͕ඞཁ͔ • ϦετͷεϥΠεͰ͋ΔྻΛฦ͍ͨ͠ • ҙͷϝλσʔλΛฦ͍ͨ͠ • ͭ·ΓੜͷྻΛฦ͢Θ͚ʹ͍͔ͳ͍ • ͦ͜Ͱ
edges / node ͱ͍͏Λઃ͚ͨ
Relay Connection in GitHub WJFXFSDVSSFOUVTFSͷ lQVCMJDSFQPTJUPSJFT͔Β࠷৽ͭ ͨͩ͠GPSLΛআ͘z
Relay Connection in GitHub ΧελϜϝλσʔλ
Relay Connection in GitHub ྻʹؔͯ͠ΫΤϦͷߏ͔Β ࣗ໌Ͱͳ͍͕ʜ
Relay Connection in GitHub
Relay Connection in GitHub
ΫΤϦखॻ͖ʁ • खॻ͠Ζͱ͍͏ઃܭҙਤΛόϦόϦײ͡Δ • ΫΤϦͷߏ͕ϨεϙϯεͷߏΛܾΊΔ͔Β • ΑͬͯɺϨεϙϯεͷσʔλܕΛίʔυੜ͢ ΔͳΒΫΤϦ੩తͰͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ • GraphiQL͕͋ΕۤͰͳ͍ͷͷཧతʹ
͍׳ΕͨΤσΟλͰॻ͖͍͕ͨ…
͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ • GraphQL: Web API༻ͷΫΤϦݴޠ • GraphiQL: GraphQL༻ͷAPI console •
Relay: View FrameworkͱͦΕ͕ཁٻ͢Δαʔόʔ ͷ༷ • Relay Connection: ϖʔδϯάՄೳͳϦετͷ༷
GraphQL in Android
Apollo - GraphQL client • JS / Android / iOS
༻ͷApollo client͕͋Δ • Apollo for AndroidJavaΛఆ • ΫΤϦ͔ΒJavaίʔυΛੜ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ • ΫΤϦ͕ද͢σʔλߏͷΫϥεΛੜ͢Δ
ΫΤϦ͔ΒίʔυΛੜ͢Δ • ίʔυ͔ΒΫΤϦΛੜ͢ΔͷͰͳ͍ • OrmaͳͲͷORMίʔυ͔ΒΫΤϦΛੜ ͕ͪ͠ • ͳͥͳΒɺΫϥεΛੜ͢ΔͨΊʹΫΤϦ͕ ੩తͰͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍͔Β
Apollo for Android ˣίʔυੜ
Apollo for Android • ΫΤϦ͝ͱʹΫϥε܈Λੜ͢Δ • ϦΫΤετΫϥε • ϨεϙϯεΫϥε •
HTTP௨৴෦OkHttpʹґଘ
Apollo for Android • ͋·Γͬͯͳ͍ͷͰͬ͘͟Γॴײ • GraphQL queryରԠ͢Δviewͱಉ͡ϑΝΠϧʹஔ ͖͍͕ͨɺApolloͷ߹ *.graphql
ʹॻ͘ͷ͕ෆศ • KotlinͩͬͨΒ෮จࣈྻϦςϥϧ͕͋ΔͷͰ view componentʹqueryΛॻ͘ͷϫϯνϟϯ ͋Γͦ͏
JavaScript / TypeScript • Relay • Apollo • ੜGraphQLͰී௨ʹ͑Δ •
Kibela (web) ੜGraphQLͰ͍ͬͯΔ
Relay • “A JavaScript framework for building data- driven React
applications” • σʔλͷྲྀΕFluxͱಉ͡ • View componentͱqueryΛಉ͡ϑΝΠϧʹॻ͘ • ͳͥͳΒʮͦͷviewʹͱͬͯඞཁͳσʔλʯΛ աෆͳ͍ͬͯ͘Δͷͦͷview͚͔ͩͩΒ
Relayͷงғؾ
Relayͷงғؾ 3FBDU$PNQPOFOU
Relayͷงғؾ (SBQI2-ΫΤϦ
Relayͷงғؾ 3FMBZ2VSZ3FOEFSFSͷSFOEFSͰ σʔλ͔ΒW%0.Λߏஙͯ͠ฦ͢
Relay does not meet TypeScript • KibelaͰ͓ͦΒ͘RelayΘͳ͍ • ͳͥͳΒTypeScriptͱͷ૬ੑ͕ѱ͍͔Β •
ύονΛͯͳ͍ͱϏϧυͰ͖ͳ͍Ϩϕϧ • queryͱviewΛରԠͤ͞Δͱ͍͏ൃΑ͍ͷ Ͱͦͷൃ͚ͩࢀߟʹ͢Δ
Ϟσϧʁഊࢭʁ • GraphQLΛ͏ͱ͖ʮview component͕ඞཁͳ ϑΟʔϧυ͚ͩΛϦΫΤετͯͦ͠ͷσʔλΛview ʹຒΊΔʯΈ͍ͨͳΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕Αͦ͞͏ • Ϟσϧഊࢭͱ͍͏֓೦ෆཁͳͷͰ…ͱ ࢥ͍ͬͯΔ •
·ͩʮࣗͰAPIΛ։ൃ͠ͳ͕ΒviewΛΉʯ͜ ͱ͔ͯ͠͠ͳ͍ͷͰ͜ͷลະͰ͋Δ
εΩʔϚΛαόΫϥͰڞ༗ʁ • GraphQL APIεΩʔϚΛΤϯυϙΠϯτͰε ΩʔϚΛฦ͢ • ίʔυੜʹεΩʔϚ͕ඞཁͳͷͰɺϏϧυ ࣌ʹΤϯυϙΠϯτΛୟ͍ͯεΩʔϚΛऔͬͯ ͘Δ •
͜ͷͱ͖ΤϯυϙΠϯτΛϩʔΧϧʹ͢Ε ։ൃ൛ͷར༻Մೳ
ଞͷWeb APIख๏ͷॴײ
vs RESTful API / Swagger • RESTfulݸਓతʹʮWeb APIΛແཧΓ HTTPʹ͍ͤͯΔʯײ͕͋ͬͯͭΒ͍
vs RESTful API / Swagger • ಉ͡HTTPεςʔλείʔυʹ෮ͷҙຯΛ࣋ͨͤͨ݁Ռ͍ʹͳΒͳ ͍͜ͱ͕͠͠ • OAuth
scope͕Γͳ͍ͱ͖ϩάΠϯϢʔβͷݖݶ͕ͳ͍ͱ͖ʹ 403Λฦͨ͠Γ͢ΔͷͰ403Ͱذͨ͋͠ͱߋʹผͷใͰذ͕ඞཁ • ϦΫΤετͷඞਢύϥϝʔλͷෆ400? 404? 422? • ಉҰαʔϏεͰ͢Β౷Ұ͞Εͯͳ͍͜ͱ • ϦόʔεϓϩΩγ͕502ͱ͔503Λฦ͢ • εςʔλείʔυʹAPIͷ༷ͱͦΕҎ֎ͷ༷͕ࠞࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ…
vs RESTful API / Swagger • GraphQLʮGraphQLϨϕϧͰॲཧ͕ޭ͠ ͨΒ200ʯͰݻఆ͢Δ • ΤϥʔίʔυϨεϙϯεͷerrorsϑΟʔϧυ
Ͱදݱ͢Δ
vs RESTful API / Swagger OPUGPVOEͱͷ͜ͱ
vs RESTful API / Swagger • RESTͩͱ GET / POST
/ PUT / PATCH / DELETE ͚ͩͰશͯͷߋ৽ܥͷৼΔ͍Λද ݱ͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ • ʮϑΟʔϧυͷআʯDELETE? PATCH? • GraphQLͷߋ৽ܥʢmutationʣҙͷ໊લ Λ͚ͭΒΕΔͷͰదͳ໊લΛ͚ͭΕΑ͍
vs gRPC • ͜ͷ෦ͷ࣍ͷ࣌ؒͷςʔϚ͕gRPCͳͷͰৄ ͦͪ͘͠Βʂ • ൚༻ੑͷߴ͍RPCϥΠϒϥϦͰ࣮͋Δ • GraphQLͷΑ͏ͳʮ࠷খݶͷϦιʔεΛऔ ಘʯ͢Δͷ͕ऑ͍ҹ
·ͱΊ • ಡΈ͍͢ΫΤϦ • ΫΤϦΛಡΊϨεϙϯε͕͍͍͔ͩͨΔ • ܕ҆શͳεΩʔϚ • nullable /
non-null όονϦΈࠐΈ
GraphQL͍͍ͧ