Euruko 2012 - JRuby

JRuby is Ruby for the JVM, right? But what does that really mean? What do you get out of the deal?

We'll explore what makes JRuby unique among Ruby implementations, and why the JVM is a Rubyist's dream come true. Using JRuby means you have the best GC, real threads, easy and scalable deployment, high performance, no-compile cross-platform libraries, and the best monitoring and profiling tools of any VM. And you get it all without leaving Ruby behind. If you're not using JRuby already, this talk will convince you to give it a try.

Transcript

1. JRuby! Thursday, June 7, 2012
2. Me • Charles Oliver Nutter • @headius • Java developer since 1996 • JRuby developer since 2006 • Starting at Red Hat on Monday! Thursday, June 7, 2012
3. Red Hat FAQ • Primary job still JRuby • Expanding to help other languages • Working with OpenJDK team • Continuing to support EY JRuby efforts Thursday, June 7, 2012
4. What is JRuby? Thursday, June 7, 2012
5. Ruby on JVM • Core classes and runtime in Java • Moving parts to Ruby over time • Standard command line • 1.8 and 1.9 compatible • 1.9 default in JRuby 1.7 • Drop in replacement for MRI* Thursday, June 7, 2012
6. *caveats • Weak low-level UNIX stuff • Improving over time • Poor C extension support • Not maintained...off by default in 1.7 • Some features differ or unavailable • ObjectSpace, trace funcs, callcc... Thursday, June 7, 2012
7. JRuby 1.7 (preview) • Ruby 1.9.3 mode by default • Many 1.9 compat fixes • Numerous perf improvements • Java 7 invokedynamic support • Beginning of new optimizing compiler Thursday, June 7, 2012
8. Getting Started • Need a JVM... • rvm install jruby • rvm install jruby-1.7.0-preview1 • Download manually • Unpack, edit PATH, done Thursday, June 7, 2012
9. Try it Out Thursday, June 7, 2012
10. JRuby is the best* Ruby runtime Thursday, June 7, 2012
11. The Team Thursday, June 7, 2012
12. JRuby Team Thursday, June 7, 2012
13. JRuby Team Charlie Thursday, June 7, 2012
14. JRuby Team Charlie Tom Nick Hiro Marcin Nahi Wayne Subbu Douglas Douglas Contribs Douglas Thursday, June 7, 2012
15. JRuby Team Charlie Tom Nick Hiro Marcin Nahi Wayne Subbu Douglas Douglas Contribs Douglas Douglas OpenJDK Douglas Douglas Android Douglas Douglas J9 Douglas Douglas Other JVMs Douglas Thursday, June 7, 2012
16. JRuby Structure JRuby JVM Threads GC Native JIT C API Parser Bytecode JIT Core Classes Java Integ Thursday, June 7, 2012
17. JRuby Structure JRuby Parser Bytecode JIT Core Classes Java Integ JRuby team can focus on implementing JRuby. Thursday, June 7, 2012
18. JRuby Team Doesn’t Have to Work On* • Memory allocation • Garbage collectors • Native threading • Cross-platform • Mobile/Embedded VMs • Native JIT • Tooling • Server environments • Native extensions Thursday, June 7, 2012
19. We could stop working on JRuby and it would continue to get faster. Thursday, June 7, 2012
20. Google Summer of Code • JRuby accepted as an organization • Eight students! • Shoes, Krypt, evented IO, fibers, Ruboto, IR dumping, IR to Dalvik, benchmarking • Three more from C42 Thursday, June 7, 2012
21. Platforms Thursday, June 7, 2012
22. Systems • Best Ruby on Windows? • Exotic platforms: zLinux, OpenVMS, AS/400 • Android’s Dalvik • Embedded JVMs Thursday, June 7, 2012
23. Ruboto Thursday, June 7, 2012
24. Servers • Any Java server can host Ruby • Trinidad • Ruby-style CLI server atop Tomcat • Torquebox • Full Ruby stack atop JBossAS Thursday, June 7, 2012
25. Torquebox • Rack-compatible • Database connectivity • Background daemons • Scheduled jobs • Messaging • Asynchronous tasks • Server management • Clustering • In and out-process cache • Web sockets • Authentication • XA Transactions Thursday, June 7, 2012
26. Torquebox • Rack-compatible • Database connectivity • Background daemons • Scheduled jobs • Messaging • Asynchronous tasks • Server management • Clustering • In and out-process cache • Web sockets • Authentication • XA Transactions All Ruby APIs! Thursday, June 7, 2012
27. Libraries Thursday, June 7, 2012
28. Libraries • 340k versioned jars in Maven central • Compare to 35k gems in RubyGems.org • Vast majority have no native code • All usable from JRuby Thursday, June 7, 2012
29. Thursday, June 7, 2012
30. Thursday, June 7, 2012
31. Midi Example Thursday, June 7, 2012
32. GC Thursday, June 7, 2012
33. JVM GC • Wide array of options • Generation size, worker threads, concurrency, tenuring... • Many GCs to choose from • Scales up to massive heaps • Best GCs in the world! Thursday, June 7, 2012
34. class Simple attr_accessor :next end top = Simple.new puts Benchmark.measure { outer = 10 total = 100000 per = 100 outer.times do total.times do per.times { Simple.new } s = Simple.new top.next = s top = s end end } Thursday, June 7, 2012
35. 0 3.75 7.5 11.25 15 JRuby Ruby 1.9.3 GC time % Thursday, June 7, 2012
36. Threads Thursday, June 7, 2012
37. Real Parallellism • Ruby thread = JVM thread = native thread • One process can use all cores • One server can handle all requests Thursday, June 7, 2012
38. require 'benchmark' ary = (1..1000000).to_a loop { puts Benchmark.measure { 10.times { ary.each {|i|} } } } Thursday, June 7, 2012
39. require 'benchmark' ary = (1..1000000).to_a loop { puts Benchmark.measure { (1..10).map { Thread.new { ary.each {|i|} } }.map(&:join) } } Thursday, June 7, 2012
40. Thursday, June 7, 2012
41. Ruby 1.9 unthreaded Thursday, June 7, 2012
42. Ruby 1.9 unthreaded Ruby 1.9 threaded Thursday, June 7, 2012
43. Ruby 1.9 unthreaded Ruby 1.9 threaded JRuby unthreaded Thursday, June 7, 2012
44. Ruby 1.9 unthreaded Ruby 1.9 threaded JRuby unthreaded JRuby threaded Thursday, June 7, 2012
45. 0.2 0.35 0.5 0.65 0.8 one thread two threads three threads four threads threaded_reverse Thursday, June 7, 2012
46. Nonlinear? • More work means more objects • More objects needs memory bandwidth • No different from multi-process Thursday, June 7, 2012
47. Performance Thursday, June 7, 2012
48. Performance • JRuby compiles Ruby to JVM bytecode • JVM compiles bytecode to native • Best JIT technology in the world • Getting even better with invokedynamic Thursday, June 7, 2012
49. def foo bar end def bar baz end def baz # ... end foo baz bar Thursday, June 7, 2012
50. def foo bar end def bar baz end def baz # ... end foo bar baz JRuby call logic JRuby call logic Kills many JVM optimizations JRuby on Java 5/6 JRuby call logic Thursday, June 7, 2012
51. def foo bar end def bar baz end def baz # ... end foo bar baz JRuby call logic JRuby call logic Dynamic call logic built into JVM JRuby on Java 7 JRuby call logic X X Thursday, June 7, 2012
52. def foo bar end def bar baz end def baz # ... end foo bar baz Straight through dispatch path JRuby on Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
53. def foo bar end def bar baz end def baz # ... end foo bar baz Optimizations (like inlining) can happen! JRuby on Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
54. Thursday, June 7, 2012
55. JRuby/Java 6 JRuby/Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
56. base64 richards neural mandelbrot redblack 0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 Times Faster than Ruby 1.9.3 JRuby/Java 6 JRuby/Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
57. base64 richards neural mandelbrot redblack 0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 1.346 1.538 1.914 1.806 1.565 Times Faster than Ruby 1.9.3 JRuby/Java 6 JRuby/Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
58. base64 richards neural mandelbrot redblack 0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 1.346 1.538 1.914 1.806 1.565 2.658 3.44 3.66 4.226 4.32 Times Faster than Ruby 1.9.3 JRuby/Java 6 JRuby/Java 7 Thursday, June 7, 2012
59. Thursday, June 7, 2012
60. Tools Thursday, June 7, 2012
61. Profiling • Java profilers • VisualVM, YourKit, NetBeans, JXInsight • jruby [--profile | --profile.graph] • jruby -Xreify.classes=true • JVM command-line profilers Thursday, June 7, 2012
62. Monitoring • Java Management Extensions (JMX) • Gems available for clients and servers • jconsole and VisualVM • Most servers provide additional tools • New Relic, etc have JVM support Thursday, June 7, 2012
63. VisualVM • CPU, memory, thread monitoring • CPU and memory profiling • VisualGC • Heap analysis Thursday, June 7, 2012
64. Thursday, June 7, 2012
65. Thursday, June 7, 2012
66. Your Turn • Try your apps on JRuby and tell us • Turn on JRuby in @travisci • Let us know what you think of JRuby • Help us make JRuby even better! Thursday, June 7, 2012
67. Thank you! • @headius • jruby.org • torquebox.org Thursday, June 7, 2012