2001 年 7 月 1 日发布。见 FBIS, July 1, 2001. 同见 John Pomfret, “China Allows Its Capitalists to Join Party: Communists Recognize Rise of Private Business,” Washington Post, July 2, 2001, and Craig S. Smith, “China’s Leader Urges Opening Communist Party to Capitalists,” New York Times, July 2, 2001. 18 茅献鹏“为什么说吸收社会其他方面优秀分子入党不会影响党的先进性?” 2001 年 8 月 15 日发表于《解放军报》 quoted in FBIS, August 15, 2001 19 请看 《求是》 2001 年 6 月 1 日和 《人民日报》 2001 年 12 月 2 日的例子, in FBIS, December 3, 2001. 20 王长江 “把全社会的优秀分子吸收到共产党内” 2001 年 8 月 13 日发表于 《嘹望》 , quoted in FBIS, August 22, 2001. 21 王长江 “提出党同时成为‘两个先锋队’是否意味着中国共产党将成为‘全民党’”2002年1月 6 日发表于《中国党政干部论坛》,quoted in FBIS,February 4, 2002 (emphasis added). 22 《人民日报》, 2001 年 9 月 17 日, quoted in FBIS, September 17, 2001. 23 宋海庆 “怎样理解能否自觉地为实现党的路线和纲领而奋斗,是否符合党员条件,是吸收 新党员的主要标准” 2001 年 11 月 16 日发表于 《求是杂 志》 , quoted in FBIS, November 29, 2001.the ones used by many local committees in recruiting from the new social strata. 24 《人民日报》,2001 年 11 月 8 日, in FBIS, November 8, 2001 25 《战略与管理》,2002 年 4 月 30 日, in FBIS, June 7, 2002. 26 一封以邓力群署名的信件,由 FBIS 翻译, August 2,2001. 27 《战略与管理》,2002 年 4 月 30 日, in FBIS, June 7, 2002. 28 See, for example, David Wank, “Private Business, Bureaucracy, and PoliticalAlliancein a Chinese City,” Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, no. 33 ( January1995): 55–71, and Margaret Pearson, “China’s Emerging Business Class: Democracy’s Harbinger?”Current History 97, no. 620 (September 1998): 268–272. For technocrats, see Hong Yung Lee, “China’s New Bureaucracy,” in State and Society in China: The Consequences of Reform, ed. Arthur Lewis Rosenbaum (Boulder, Co: Westview, 1992). 29 For a description of the changing attitude toward competing interests during the reform era, see Lucian Pye, “Factions and the Politics of Guanxi: Paradoxes in Chinese Administrative and Political Behavior,” in The Nature of Chinese Politics: From Mao to Jiang, ed. Jonathan Unger (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2002), esp. 55–57.