re the host oper a ting system kernel, libr a ries, a nd bin a ries. • Virtu a l m a chines run its own guest oper a ting system, • Virtu a l m a chines provide full-blown virtu a liz a tion of h a rdw a re resources, including CPU, memory, stor a ge, a nd networking. 4
needed to run software, including the code, runtime, libraries, dependencies, and configuration files. 3. A container is a runtime instance of an image. It encapsulates the execution environment for a specific application or process, including the filesystem, environment variables, network settings, and runtime options. 1. A text file that contains instructions for building a Docker image