Django 4.1のAsynchronous

Django 4.1 での Asynchronous
Junya Fukuda
DjangoCongress JP 2022

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•෱ా ൏໵ʢJunya Fukudaʣʢ@JunyaFffʣ

•גࣜձࣾ೔ຊγεςϜٕݚʢJSLʣॴଐ ௕໺ݝͷձࣾ

•WebΤϯδχΞ

•GEEKLAB.NAGANO - ίϛϡχςΟεϖʔεӡӦ

•ʢ͓͠͝ͱͰʣόϦϡʔϒοΫε

•ຊ޷͖ʹѪ͞ΕΔαʔϏεΛ໨ࢦͯ͠ʢݹຊങऔɾൢചʣ
•GEEKLAB.NAGANO - ίϛϡχςΟεϖʔεӡӦ

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Python実践
•2022೥1݄ൃച ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾ

•Python 3 ΤϯδχΞೝఆ࣮ફࢼݧ ओڭࡐ

•2࡭໨ʹ͓͢͢Ίʂࣙॻతʹ࢖͍ͬͯ͋͛ͯͩ͘͞ʂ
• ҎԼͷষΛ୲౰͍ͯ͠·͢

• Chapter2 ίʔσΟϯάن໿

• Chapter5 ܕώϯτ

• Chapter19 ฒߦॲཧɼฒྻॲཧ

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Django 4.1 での⾮同期

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Pythonで⾮同期、使っていますか？✋

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ありがとうございます。

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ですよね。
なぜ使わないのでしょうか？

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⾮同期使理由考
•׳ΕͯΔಉظॲཧͰे෼
•IO͕ͳ͍ʢػցֶश΍σʔλ෼ੳ͕த৺ʣʢCPUʹ͕Μ͹ΒͤΔ͜ͱଟ͍ʣ
•ඇಉظॲཧͬͯɺ༧ଌͰ͖ͳ͍ಈ͖Λͦ͠͏
•ଞͷݴޠͰॻ͍ͪΌ͏ʢGo΍JS(nodejs/deno..),Rust,C#,SwiftͳͲʣ

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Djangoの⾮同期対応を待ってるのです

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Django 4.1 Asynchronous
IUUQTEPDTEKBOHPQSPKFDUDPNFOSFMFBTFT

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Note that, at this stage, the underlying database operations remain synchronous

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͜ͷஈ֊Ͱ͸ɺجຊతͳσʔλϕʔεૢ࡞͸ಉظͷ··Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ
Note that, at this stage, the underlying database operations remain synchronous

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🤔

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🤔
ͳͥɺ03.͸ΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͚ͩରԠͨ͠ΜͩΖ͏
͍·ɺ%KBOHPͷඇಉظରԠ࣮ͬͯࡍͲ͏ͳ͍ͬͯΔΜͩΖ͏ʜ

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（話？）
•ڈ೥ͷDjangoCongress JP 2021 ͰͷτʔΫΛΞοϓσʔτ͍ͨ͠
•Django 3.2 ASGI ରԠ - ͜Θ͘ͳ͍ asyncio جૅͱ async view ͷ࢖͍ॴ
IUUQTMPHNJKQUFDIBSUJDMFT
•DjangoͷORM͸ͳͥਖ਼ࣜରԠͰ͸ͳ͍ͷ͔
•΋͔ͨ͠͠Βͦ͏ࢥΘΕͨํ΋͍Βͬ͠ΌΔ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜʢΘͨ͠

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本⽇
•Django 4.1 ඇಉظରԠ͕Θ͔ͬͨ
•ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔ
•ORMͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔε
•Ωʔϫʔυ͸
•·ͨඇಉظORMΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ͳͥ׬શରԠͰ͸ͳ͘ɺಉظͷ··ͳͷ͔
ޓ׵ੑ

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話・話
•DjangoͷViewͷجຊతͳ࢓૊Έ

•Djangoͷmodelͷఆٛ

•asyncioͷࡉ͔͍͜ͱ
•࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ
•࿩͢͜ͱ
•Django 4.1ͷΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔɾORM

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•Django 4.1 ඇಉظରԠͱ͍··Ͱͷ͓͞Β͍

•ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͷඇಉظରԠ

•؆୯ͳίʔυ ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͷ಺ଆ

•ಉظɾඇಉظΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͰͷಈ࡞ൺֱ

•ඇಉظ ORM ΠϯλʔϑΣʔε

•֓ཁ

•ಉظɾඇಉظORMͰͷಈ࡞ൺֱ

•ඇಉظORM ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεͷ޲͜͏ଆ

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- Django ⾮同期対応
•Έͳ͞Μ͕ॳΊͯ͞ΘͬͨDjangoͷόʔδϣϯ͸͍ͭ͘Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ʁ

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2005
Django

OSS

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS
2015
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2017
2015
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
2019
2017
2015
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
3.2 LTS
4.0
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
3.2 LTS
4.0
4.1
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2008

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2005
Django

OSS
1.0 1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
3.2 LTS
4.0
4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2008

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0 3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2.2 LTS

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0 3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
2.2 LTS

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0 3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
Python 3.5
2.2 LTS

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0 3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
2016
Python 3.5
asgiref 1.0
2.2 LTS

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS
3.0
3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels
asgiref 3.0

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS 3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels
asgiref 3.0
3.0
asgiରԠ

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS 3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels
asgiref 3.0
3.0 ؔ਺view
asgiରԠ

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS 3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels
asgiref 3.0
3.0
asgiରԠ
ؔ਺view
ΫϥεϏϡʔ

ORM IF

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1.4 LTS 1.8 LTS 1.11 LTS
2.0
2.2 LTS 3.2 LTS 4.1 4.2 LTS
2023
2022
2021
2019
2017
2015
2012
2014
Python 3.4
asyncio
async/await
asgiref 1.0
2016
Python 3.5
channels
asgiref 3.0
3.0
asgiରԠ
ؔ਺view
ΫϥεϏϡʔ

ORM IF
DEP 0009: Async-capable DjangoʢDEP͸DjangoͷPEPʣ

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- asyncio 基本
•ඇಉظॲཧͷίʔυΛॻͨ͘ΊͷެࣜϥΠϒϥϦ
•ෳ਺ͷλεΫΛಉ࣌ʹॲཧ͢Δ
•I/Oό΢ϯυͳॲཧʢDBΞΫηε/HTTPϦΫΤετͳͲʣͰޮՌΛൃش
•֎෦API-A, ֎෦API-B, ֎෦API-C Λಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͍ͨ͠
•ಉظॲཧͩͱ ॱ൪ʹ࣮ߦ
" # $

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- asyncio 基本
•ඇಉظॲཧͷίʔυΛॻͨ͘ΊͷެࣜϥΠϒϥϦ
•֎෦API-A, ֎෦API-B, ֎෦API-C Λಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͍ͨ͠
•ඇಉظॲཧͩͱ ·ͱΊͯಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ
C
B
A

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- asyncio 基本
•ඇಉظॲཧͷίʔυΛॻͨ͘Ίͷඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦ
•ຖόʔδϣϯਐԽ ߴϨϕϧAPI͕ॆ࣮ - ͱͯ΋ॻ͖΍͍͢
•async/await ߏจ

•λεΫΛొ࿥͢Δasyncio.create_task() - ʮλεΫʯ = ॲཧͩͱࢥ͍ͬͯͩ͘͞ɻ

•ॲཧΛฒߦʹ͢Δasyncio.gather()

•ྫ֎΍ΩϟϯηϧΛॊೈʹ asyncio.TaskGroup
•αʔυύʔςΟͷϥΠϒϥϦΛ࢖͏৔߹ɺඇಉظରԠ͍ͯ͠Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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Django

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Django
63-
σΟεύο
νϟʔ
63-DPOG
Ϗϡʔ
ϑΥʔϜ
ςϯϓϨʔτ
Ϟσϧ
DjangoϓϩδΣΫτ
ϒϥ΢β
Webαʔό

ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔό
ϦΫΤ
ετ
֎෦Ϧιʔε
ϛυϧ
΢ΣΞ
Ϩεϙ
ϯε

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Django
63-
σΟεύο
νϟʔ
63-DPOG
Ϗϡʔ
ϑΥʔϜ
ςϯϓϨʔτ
Ϟσϧ
DjangoϓϩδΣΫτ
ϒϥ΢β
Webαʔό

ϦΫΤ
ετ
֎෦Ϧιʔε
ϛυϧ
΢ΣΞ
Ϩεϙ
ϯε
ʮݱ৔Ͱ࢖͑ΔDjangoͷڭՊॻʯΛࢀߟʹ͍͖ͤͯͨͩ͞·ͨ͠

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Django
63-
σΟεύο
νϟʔ
63-DPOG
Ϗϡʔ
ϑΥʔϜ
ςϯϓϨʔτ
Ϟσϧ
DjangoϓϩδΣΫτ
ϒϥ΢β
Webαʔό

ϦΫΤ
ετ
֎෦Ϧιʔε
ϛυϧ
΢ΣΞ
Ϩεϙ
ϯε
ඇಉظରԠ
ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔ
03.ΠϯλʔϑΣʔε

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•֓ཁ



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⾮同期対応
•viewΫϥεͰίϧʔνϯͷఆ͕ٛՄೳ
•django.views.generic.base.view ͢΂ͯͷviewͷ਌Ϋϥε
•get, post, put, delete, ͳͲͷϦΫΤετϝιου͕ରԠ
•؆୯ͳίʔυΛݟͯΈ·͠ΐ͏

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ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͷඇಉظରԠ
import asyncio

from django.http import HttpResponse

from django.views import View
views.py

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import asyncio


class AsyncView(View):
views.py

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import asyncio


async def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

# Perform view logic using await.

await asyncio.sleep(1)

return HttpResponse("Hello async world!")
views.py

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import asyncio


async def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

...

async def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

...



views.py

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urlpatterns = [

]
urls.py

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urlpatterns = [

]
urls.py
path('sample/', AsyncView.as_view(), name='sample'),

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import asyncio



...




views.py

...
ఆٛ࣌ͷ஫ҙ఺

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import asyncio


def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

...




views.py

...
ఆٛ࣌ͷ஫ҙ఺

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import asyncio


def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

...




views.py

...
ఆٛ࣌ͷ஫ҙ఺
*NQSPQFSMZ$PO
fi
HVSFE

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import asyncio



...




views.py

...
ఆٛ࣌ͷ஫ҙ఺

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⾮同期対応
•ίϛοτ͸1ͭ

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⾮同期対応
•ίϛοτ͸1ͭ
•मਖ਼͸ܰඍ υΩϡϝϯτɾςετΛআ͘ͱ30ߦఔ౓
IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEKBOHPEKBOHPQVMM

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Django/views/generics/base.py
class View:
⾮同期対応
@classproperty

def view_is_async(cls):

handlers = [

getattr(cls, method)

for method in cls.http_method_names

if (method != "options" and hasattr(cls, method))

]

if not handlers:

return False

is_async = asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(handlers[0])

if not all(asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(h) == is_async for h in handlers[1:]):

raise ImproperlyConfigured(

f"{cls.__qualname__} HTTP handlers must either be all sync or all "

"async."

)

return is_async

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class View:
⾮同期対応
...

if cls.view_is_async:

view._is_coroutine = asyncio.coroutines._is_coroutine

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class View:
⾮同期対応
...

if self.view_is_async:

async def func():

return response

return func()

else:

return response

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⾮同期対応
•ίϛοτ͸1ͭ
•मਖ਼͸ܰඍ υΩϡϝϯτɾςετΛআ͘ͱ30ߦఔ౓
IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEKBOHPEKBOHPQVMM
•asgi.pyͳͲΛؚΊରԠͷ४උ͸੔͍ͬͯͨ

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同期⾮同期
•ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͰ֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ͢Δྫ
•ಉظɾඇಉظͰͦΕͧΕ ׬ྃ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒΛܭଌ
•pokemonͷඇެࣜAPIʢओʹֶश޲͚ͷAPI ɺ༻๏༰ྔ͸कͬͯ
•viewΫϥεΛར༻͠ɺςϯϓϨʔτͰදࣔ͢Δ
•151ඖͷϙέϞϯͷ໊લΛऔಘ

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同期⾮同期
•ಈ࡞؀ڥ - ϩʔΧϧ
•MacBook Proʢ14Πϯνɺ2021ʣ
•Apple M1 Pro ϝϞϦ32gb

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同期処理
⾮同期処理

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同期処理
⾮同期処理
requests

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ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔಉظίʔυ
class PokeView(View):

URL = "https://pokeapi.co/api/v2/pokemon/"

def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

start = time()

pokemons = []

for number in range(1, 152):

url = f'https://pokeapi.co/api/v2/pokemon/{number}'

r = requests.get(url)

pokemon = r.json()

pokemons.append({"name" : pokemon['name']})

finish = (time() - start)

context = {"pokemons": pokemons, "finish_time": finish}

return render(request, “sync.html", context)
views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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urlpatterns = [

path('sync/', PokeView.as_view(), name=‘syncpoke'),

]
ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔಉظίʔυ urls.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔͷ ಉظίʔυ urls.py

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同期処理
⾮同期処理

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同期処理
⾮同期処理
httpx

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同期処理
⾮同期処理
httpx
async対応のサードパーティライブラリ

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ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔඇಉظίʔυ
class AsyncPokeView(View):

URL = "https://pokeapi.co/api/v2/pokemon/"


start = time()

async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:

tasks = [self.access_url_poke(client, number) for number in range(1, 152)]

pokemmons = await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)


context = {"pokemons": pokemmons, "finish_time": finish}

return render(request, "async.html", context)

async def access_url_poke(self, client, num: int) -> str:

r = await client.get(f"{self.URL}{num}")

pokemon = r.json()

return {"name": pokemon['name']}
views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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urlpatterns = [

path('async/', AsyncPokeView.as_view(), name=‘asyncpoke'),

]
ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔඇಉظίʔυ urls.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔඇಉظίʔυ ࣮ߦ݁Ռ
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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同期⾮同期
•࣮ߦ݁Ռ
•ಉظɿ18ඵ
•ඇಉظɿ0.7ඵ
•ඇಉظͱͯ΋͸΍͍
•APIΛ151ճ΋ୟ͘ඇಉظʹ༗རͳܭଌʢͻ͍͖
•ͦͷଞͷ࢖͍ํ - DjangoCon 2022

•Async Django: The practical guide you've been *awaiting* for by Carlton Gibson

•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5uQPwX4VLo
•֎෦APIΛಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ৔߹ʹ࠾༻͠ͳ͍ख͸ͳ͍
•ʮඇಉظDjangoͷ͋ͳ͕ͨ଴ͪ๬ΜͰ͍࣮ͨ༻తͳΨΠυϒοΫʯνϟοτ Channels

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•֓ཁ



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⾮同期 ORM
•QuerySetͷϝιουʹ઀಄ࣙʮaʯ͕͍ͭͨඇಉظ൛͕௥Ճ
•໋໊نଇ͸3ͭͷީิ
1."_async" pre
fi
x,

2."_async" suf
fi
x

3."a" pre
fi
x
_async_get

get_async

aget
ଞʹ΋a.getͳͲ
•ٞ࿦ͷ຤ɺPythonͷํ޲ੑ(e.g. __aiter__, __anext__, __aenter__, __aexit__ etc.)
•3͕࠾༻ʹ
IUUQTGPSVNEKBOHPQSPKFDUDPNUOBNJOHPGBTZODWBSJBOUT

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⾮同期 ORM
•QuerySetͷϝιουʹ઀಄ࣙʮaʯ͕͍ͭͨඇಉظ൛͕௥Ճ
•db.models.guery
•aiterator, aaggregate, acount, aget, acreate, abulk_create, abulk_update,

• aget_or_create, aupdate_or_create, aearliest, alatest, a
fi
rst, alast, ain_bulk,

• aupdate, adelete, aexists, acontains, aexplain
•ʢ´-`ʣ.ŇoOʢ໊લ͕ؾʹͳΔ΋ͷ΋͋Δ… acount, aggregate, adelete …ʣ
•·ͣ͸؆୯ʹಈ͔ͯ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏

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$ python manage.py shell

Python 3.11.0 (v3.11.0:deaf509e8f, Oct 24 2022, 14:43:23) [Clang 13.0.0
(clang-1300.0.29.30)]

Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information

IPython 8.6.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.
views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

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views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ
In [1]: from django.contrib.auth.models import User

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views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ
In [2]: admin_user = User.objects.get(id=1)

In [3]: admin_user

Out[3]:

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(clang-1300.0.29.30)]


views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

In [3]: admin_user

Out[3]:
In [4]: admin_user = User.objects.aget(id=1)

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(clang-1300.0.29.30)]


views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

In [3]: admin_user

Out[3]:
In [5]: admin_user

Out[5]:

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(clang-1300.0.29.30)]


views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

In [3]: admin_user

Out[3]:
In [6]: admin_user = await User.objects.aget(id=1)
In [5]: admin_user

Out[5]:

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(clang-1300.0.29.30)]


views.py
֎෦APIΛ࣮ߦ

In [3]: admin_user

Out[3]:
In [6]: admin_user = await User.objects.aget(id=1)
In [7]: admin_user

Out[7]:
In [5]: admin_user

Out[5]:

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動作⽐較 - ORM
•̎छྨͷϞσϧ ͦΕͧΕ100,000݅ొ࿥͢Δ
•ಉظɾඇಉظͰͦΕͧΕ
•bulk_create/abulk_create Λ࣮ߦ
•଎౓ͱ࣮ߦͷྲྀΕΛݟͯΈΔ

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動作⽐較 - ORM
•ಈ࡞؀ڥ - ϩʔΧϧ
•MacBook Proʢ14Πϯνɺ2021ʣ
•Apple M1 Pro ϝϞϦ32gb

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同期処理
⾮同期処理

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class SyncOrmView(View):

def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

start = time()

users = []

for _ in range(100_000):

users.append(User(name="Taro"))

snippets = []


snippets.append(Snippet(title="PingPong"))

User.objects.bulk_create(users)

Snippet.objects.bulk_create(snippets)


context = {"finish_time": finish}

return render(request, "sync.html", context)
views.py
ORM

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urlpatterns = [

path('sync/', SyncOrmView.as_view(), name=‘syncbulk'),

]
urls.py
ΫϥεϕʔεϏϡʔಉظίʔυ ORM

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࣮ߦ݁Ռ

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同期処理
⾮同期処理

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class AsyncOrmView(View):


start = time()

users = []


users.append(User(name="Taro"))

snippets = []


snippets.append(Snippet(title="PingPong"))

await asyncio.gather(

self.check("user", User, users),

self.check("snippet", Snippet, snippets)

)


context = {"finish_time": finish}

return render(request, "async.html", context)

async def check(self, name, model, data):

print(f"start {name}")

await model.objects.abulk_create(data)

print(f"end {name}")
views.py
ORM

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urlpatterns = [

path('async/', AsyncOrmView.as_view(), name=‘asyncorm’),

]
urls.py

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࣮ߦ݁Ռ

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࣮ߦ݁Ռ
start user

start snippets

end user

end snippets

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同期⾮同期
•ಈ࡞ͷൺֱ
•ಈ࡞͔Βɺฒߦʹ࣮ߦ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
•ಈ࡞ͷൺֱ݁Ռ͸มΘΒͳ͍
•ͪΐͬͱORMͷཪଆͷ࣮૷ΛݟͯΈ·͠ΐ͏
•ಉظɿ 2.6ඵ
•ඇಉظɿ 2.6ඵ
•౰વͷಈ࡞ - ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεͷΈͷରԠ
•ͳͥ͜ͷΑ͏ͳಈ͖ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔͷ͔

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abulk_create
async def abulk_create(

self,

objs,

batch_size=None,

ignore_conflicts=False,

update_conflicts=False,

update_fields=None,

unique_fields=None,

):

return await sync_to_async(self.bulk_create)(

objs=objs,

batch_size=batch_size,

ignore_conflicts=ignore_conflicts,

update_conflicts=update_conflicts,

update_fields=update_fields,

unique_fields=unique_fields,

)

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aget
async def aget(self, *args, **kwargs):

return await sync_to_async(self.get)(*args, **kwargs)

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sync_to_async
•ίʔϧόοΫʹࢦఆ͞Εͨಉظؔ਺ʢ͜ͷ৔߹getʣΛඇಉظͬΆ࣮͘ߦͯ͠ฦ͢
async def aget(self, *args, **kwargs):

return await sync_to_async(self.get)(*args, **kwargs)

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sync_to_async
•ίʔϧόοΫʹࢦఆ͞Εͨಉظؔ਺ʢ͜ͷ৔߹getʣΛඇಉظͬΆ࣮͘ߦͯ͠ฦ͢
def sync_to_async(

func=None,

thread_sensitive=True,

executor=None,

):

if func is None:

return lambda f: SyncToAsync(

f,

thread_sensitive=thread_sensitive,

executor=executor,

)

return SyncToAsync(

func,

thread_sensitive=thread_sensitive,

executor=executor,

)
BTHJSFGTZODQZ

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SyncToAsync
•ThreadPoolExecutorΛར༻͠ɺಉظؔ਺ΛΠϕϯτϧʔϓ಺Ͱ࣮ߦ͢Δ
class SyncToAsync:

...

async def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):

loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()

...

executor = AsyncToSync.loop_thread_executors[loop]

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SyncToAsync
class SyncToAsync:

...



...


future = loop.run_in_executor(

executor,

functools.partial(

self.thread_handler,

loop,

self.get_current_task(),

sys.exc_info(),

func,

*args,

**kwargs,

),

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SyncToAsync
class SyncToAsync:

...



...


future = loop.run_in_executor(

executor,

functools.partial(

self.thread_handler,

loop,

self.get_current_task(),

sys.exc_info(),

func,

*args,

**kwargs,

),

Πϕϯτϧʔϓ಺Ͱ&YFDVUPSΛ࢖͏

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- ORM ⾮同期
•Ͱ͸ͳͥasyncରԠΛORMΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ͨ͠ͷ͔

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- ORM ⾮同期
•։ൃऀ͸ҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ɺasync/awaitͰॻ͘͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
•ඇಉظ΁ͷҠߦʹࡍ͠ɺ͋Β͔͡Ίมߋ͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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- ORM ⾮同期
•։ൃऀ͸ҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ɺasync/awaitͰॻ͘͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
•ඇಉظ΁ͷҠߦʹࡍ͠ɺ͋Β͔͡Ίมߋ͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
•ORMͷͨΊʹɺViewΛඇಉظʹ͠ͳͯ͘΋Α͍

•channels΍֎෦ϦιʔεΛར༻͢Δ৔߹

•ORM͸ඇಉظIFΛར༻͠಺෦ಉظͰಈ࡞ͤ͞Δ

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DEP 0009: Async-capable Django
•ʢDEP͸DjangoͷPEPʣ
•Sequencing ͱͯ͠3ஈ֊
IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEKBOHPEFQTCMPCNBJOBDDFQUFEBTZODSTU

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•First round (hopefully in 3.0)
•Further individual projects
•Second round (hopefully in 3.1)

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•ORM (async-wrapper interface around existing sync core)
•طଘͷಉظίΞʹରԠͨ͠ඇಉظϥούʔΠϯλϑΣʔε
•ORM (native async with sync wrappers for backwards compatibility)
ޙํޓ׵ੑͷͨΊͷಉظϥούʔΛඋ͑ͨωΠςΟϒඇಉظ

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•ORM (async-wrapper interface around existing sync core)
•طଘͷಉظίΞʹରԠͨ͠ඇಉظϥούʔΠϯλϑΣʔε
•ORM (native async with sync wrappers for backwards compatibility)
ޙํޓ׵ੑͷͨΊͷಉظϥούʔΛඋ͑ͨωΠςΟϒඇಉظ
࣮૷ॱং͸༧ఆͲ͓Γʂ

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4.1 ORM 🤔
•Θͨ͠ͷߟ͑Δཧ༝͸3ͭ

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4.1 ORM 🤔
•ޓ׵ੑ
•ޓ׵ੑΛҡ࣋͢Δํ๏Ͱ࣮૷ΛਐΊ͍ͯΔ
•IF͔ΒରԠ͢Δͷ͸౰ॳͷ༧ఆͲ͓Γ
•DEP͸ͦΕ΄Ͳ֬ݻͨΔ࢓༷Ͱ͸ͳͦ͞͏ʢ໋໊نଇ΋มߋʹͳͬͯΔ

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4.1 ORM 🤔
•ޓ׵ੑ
•ඇಉظରԠͷϝΠϯ։ൃऀͷϦιʔεෆ଍

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4.1 ORM 🤔
•ޓ׵ੑ
•ʢ૝૾ʣࢿۚ΋Өڹ͕͋Δͷ͔ʁ
•ඇಉظରԠͷϝΠϯ։ൃऀͷϦιʔεෆ଍
•DEP 9 / asgiref ͷ Andrew Godwin ࢯ

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4.1 ORM 🤔
•ޓ׵ੑ
•ʢ૝૾ʣࢿۚ΋Өڹ͕͋Δͷ͔ʁ
•ඇಉظରԠͷϝΠϯ։ൃऀͷϦιʔεෆ଍ 🤔
•DEP 9 / asgiref ͷ Andrew Godwin ࢯ
•PyConJP 2022ͷΩʔϊʔτͷ࿩ʢFaster C Pythonʣ💰
•DEP 9 Ͱ͸ࢿۚௐୡͷ࿩΋ग़͍ͯΔ Donationͷϖʔδ΋

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わたしたちにできること

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開発者の

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（経営者の⽅は… 🙏
開発者の

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/PUFUIBU BUUIJTTUBHF UIFVOEFSMZJOHEBUBCBTFPQFSBUJPOTSFNBJOTZODISPOPVT
͜ͷஈ֊Ͱ͸ɺجຊతͳσʔλϕʔεૢ࡞͸ಉظͷ··Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ

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͜ͷஈ֊Ͱ͸ɺجຊతͳσʔλϕʔεૢ࡞͸ಉظͷ··Ͱ͋Γɺ

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XJUIDPOUSJCVUJPOTPOHPJOHUPQVTIBTZODISPOPVTTVQQPSU

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XJUIDPOUSJCVUJPOTPOHPJOHUPQVTIBTZODISPOPVTTVQQPSU
ඇಉظͷαϙʔτΛਪਐ͢ΔͨΊͷߩݙ͕ଓ͍͍ͯ·͢ɻ

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•Django͸OSS

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•Django͸OSS
•ඇಉظORMରԠʹ޲͚ͯɺߩݙ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ

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•Django͸OSS
•ඇಉظORMରԠʹ޲͚ͯɺߩݙ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ
•IFͷΈͷରԠͰ͋Δࠓ͸ɺ೉қ౓΋ߴ͘ͳ͘ߩݙ͠΍͍͔͢΋

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謝辞
•Asynchronous ORM

•https://forum.djangoproject.com/t/asynchronous-orm/5925/21
•ݱ৔Ͱ࢖͑Δ Django ͷڭՊॻ - ԣ੉ ໌ਔ(ஶ)

•https://akiyoko.booth.pm/items/1059917
•࣮ફDjango PythonʹΑΔຊ֨WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ։ൃ - ࣳా ক (ஶ)

•https://www.shoeisha.co.jp/book/detail/9784798153964
• Async Django: The practical guide you've been *awaiting* for by Carlton Gibson - DjangoCon Europe 2022

•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lfe2zsGS0Js
• Keynote: State of the Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) - Simon Charette

•https://2022.djangocon.us/talks/keynote-state-of-orm/

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ご静聴ありがとうございました 👋

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Django 4.1のAsynchronous

Django 4.1のAsynchronous

Junya Fukuda

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