카카오 블록체인 Klaytn의 합의 알고리즘 A to Z

#DistributedSystem #Consensus #Klaytn

본 세션에서는 블록체인에 관심이 있는 개발자분들을 위해 분산 시스템의 한 분야에서 시작된 합의 알고리즘이 어떻게 블록체인의 핵심 기술이 되었는지 그 과정을 소개합니다.
더 나아가 카카오 블록체인 클레이튼이 추구하는, 실시간 서비스를 블록체인에서 제공하기 위한 고속 합의 알고리즘을 소개하고 클레이튼의 합의 알고리즘 성능 향상을 위해 개선된 부분을 설명합니다.

발표자 : louis.mck
크러스트유니버스의 코어 데브팀에서 클레이튼을 개발하고 있는 루이스입니다. 클레이튼의 강점인 안전성과 성능은 유지하면서 블록체인 플랫폼으로써 확장성과 탈중앙화를 증대시키기 위한 방법들을 고민하고 있습니다.

Transcript

1. $PQZSJHIU,BLBP$PSQ"MMSJHIUTSFTFSWFE3FEJTUSJCVUJPOPSQVCMJDEJTQMBZJTOPUQFSNJUUFEXJUIPVUXSJUUFOQFSNJTTJPOGSPN,BLBP
   ஠஠য়࠶۾୓ੋ
   
   
   ,MBZUO੄೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ"UP;
   JG LBLBP
   
   ӣ޹୍MPVJTNDL
   
   
   ௼۞झ౟ਬפߡझ
   

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2. ߊ಴੗ࣗѐ
   Louis
   
   
   - 대학과 대학원에서 분산 시스템과 블록체인을 전공
   
   
   - Krust Universe, Protocol Part, Core Dev Team
   
   
   - Klaytn Consensus Algorithm 개발 및 연구
   

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3. ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ
   
   
   ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
   
   
   ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
   
   
   ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
   

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4. ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ
   
   
   ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
   
   
   ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
   
   
   ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
   

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5. 실생활에서 합의 방법
   형사합의
   선거 재판
   다수결 대화와 보상 판결
   

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6. 합의 알고리즘이란?
   दझమղ׮ࣻ੄֢٘оೞա੄чਵ۽೤੄ೞӝਤೠޙઁܳಽӝਤೠߑߨ
   
   
   ஹೊఠҕ೟੄࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊޙઁܳ೧Ѿೞݴߊ੹
   
   
   ࠙࢑दझమীࢲп֢٘рؘ੉ఠزӝചޙઁܳബਯ੸ਵ۽೧Ѿೞӝਤ೧ߊ੹
   

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7. 분산 시스템의 오류 모델과 비잔틴 오류(Byzantine Fault)
   "%#Z[BOUJOF
   0NJTTJPO
   1FSGPSNBODF
   $SBTI
   'BJM
   -
   TUPQ
   ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨੌ߈੸ਵ۽दझమղঈ੄੸ੋߑ೧݈ܳೞݴӒ੉৻दझమীࢲߊࢤೡࣻ੓חݽٚয়ܨܳನೣ
   #Z[BOUJOF
   

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8. The Two General's Problem
   ࢲ۽ڄযઉ੓חف੢ҵ੉೤੄ܳా೧زदী੸ҵਸҕѺ೧ঠ੹ైীࢲथܻ
   ҕѺ
   ҕѺ
   

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9. The Two General's Problem
   ೠ੢ҵ੉׮ܲ੢ҵীѱҕѺदрਸ೤੄ೞӝਤ೧ݫद૑ܳ੹࣠
   ղੌয়റदҕѺ
   

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10. The Two General's Problem
    ݫद૑ܳ߉਷੢ҵ਷ݫद૑ܳࠁմ੢ҵҗ׮ܲ౵ߥ੉ۄݫद૑ܳޖद
    ղੌয়റदҕѺ
    ޖद
    

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11. The Two General's Problem
    ݫद૑ী؀ೠ׹੢ਸৢ߄ܰѱ೮૑݅੸ҵী੄೧઺рীݫद૑о੹׳غ૑ޅೣ
    ղੌয়റदҕѺ
    0,
    

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12. The Two General's Problem
    ف੢ҵ੉ޛܻ੸ਵ۽ڄযઉ੓׮ݶف੢ҵ਷উ੹ೞѱ೤੄ীب׳ೡࣻহ਺
    ҕѺ
    ҕѺ
    

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13. 비잔틴 오류 허용(Byzantine fault tolerance, BFT)
    ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊঌҊ્ܻ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨо੓؊ۄب੹୓दझమ੉੿࢚੘زೞӝਤೠঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ୭ୡ੄࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ0SBMNFTTBHFBMHPSJUINCZ-FTMJF-BNQPSU "$.51-4
    

    tG੉ೞ੄੢ҵٜ਷Gߓन੗ী؀਽ೡࣻ੓חߑߨ਷হ׮
    
    
    ݺ੉࢚੄੢ҵ਷ݺ੄ߓन੗о੓؊ۄبݺ੉࢚਷೦࢚೤੄ܳೞৈदझమਸਬ૑
    ҕѺ ҕѺ
    റృ
    റృ
    ҕѺ
    ҕѺ
    

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14. 5XPHFOFSBMsTQSPCMFN
    
    
    زӝ֎౟ਕ௼ۄҊо੿೧ب ف੢ҵ੉૒੽োѾغয੓૑ঋҊ઺рীೠݺ੄੹׳଼݅Ѣ૙݈ਸೠ׮ݶ
    ف੢ҵ਷೤੄ীب׳ೡࣻহ਺
    
    
    '-1*NQPTTJCJMJUZ
    
    
    ࠺زӝ֎౟ਕ௼ীࢲೞա੄֢٘݅ޙઁоࢤӡࣻ੓؊ۄب ೤੄ޙઁܳಽࣻ੓ח࠙࢑ঌҊ્ܻ਷হ਺
    #Z'JTIFS -ZODIBOE1BUUFSTPO +"$.
    
    
    *NQPTTJCJMJUZ
    

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15. $PSSFDUOFTTQSPQFSUJFTJODPOTFOTVT
    
    
    "HSFFNFOU $
    زੌೠчী೤੄
    
    
    7BMJEJUZ $
    ୡӝч੉э׮ݶ೤੄റزੌೠѾҗ
    
    
    5FSNJOBUJPO $
    ੌ੿दрউীೞա੄чਵ۽೤੄
    
    
    $PSSFDUOFTTQSPQFSUJFTJOEJTUSJCVUFEDPNQVUJOH
    
    
    4BGFUZୡӝч੉э׮ݶزੌೠчী೤੄റزੌೠѾҗ $BOE$
    
    
    
    -JWFOFTT೦࢚೤੄о૓೯ $
    
    
    
    '-1JNQPTTJCJMJUZী੄ೞݶ࠙࢑दझమীࢲ4BGFUZ৬-JWFOFTTܳݽف݅઒ೞחঌҊ્ܻ਷হ਺
    ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻޙઁ
    

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16. ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ
    
    
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
    

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17. ࠙࢑दझమ %JTUSJCVUFE4ZTUFNT
    
    

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18. ࠶۾୓ੋ #MPDL$IBJO
    
    

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19. ࠶۾୓ੋ #MPDL$IBJO
    
    

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20. ࠶۾୓ੋ੄ఎ઺ঔࢿҗైݺࢿ
    

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21. ࠶۾୓ੋ੄ఎ઺ঔࢿҗైݺࢿ
    

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22. ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃
    ഛ੢ࢿ
    ఎ઺ঔച
    ࠁউࢿ
    %FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO
    
    4DBMBCJMJUZ
    4FDVSJUZ
    
    

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23. %FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO೤੄ীଵৈೞҊर਷ଵৈ੗ח঱ઁٚ૑೤੄ଵৈ੗оؼࣻ੓਺
    
    
    4DBMBCJMJUZ౟ے੥࣌੄ࣻо݆ই૑؊ۄبࢿמ੉गহ੉୊ܻਊ۝ਸૐоदఆࣻ੓חמ۱ਸ੄޷
    
    
    4FDVSJUZӂೠ੉হחࢎਊ੗աঈ੄੸ੋࢎਊ੗о೤੄җ੿ਸߑ೧ೡࣻহب۾݄਺
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃
    4DBMBCJMJUZ
    %FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO
    4FDVSJUZ
    

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24. ౟ܾۨ݃ࢎ੉ীࢲпౠࢿਸъઑೞݶ৔ೱਸ߉ח೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄ౠࢿ
    
    
    4BGFUZೠߣ೤੄ػ࠶۾਷׮द߸҃ؼࣻহਵݴ زੌೠਬബѾҗчਵ۽೤੄
    
    
    -JWFOFTT࠶۾ࢤࢿਸਤೠ೤੄җ੿੉Ү଱࢚కীࡅ૑૑ঋ਺
    
    
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃
    4BGFUZ -JWFOFTT
    

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25. BC BFT
    PoW PoS
    채굴 투표 지분
    

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26. 1SPPGPG8PSL 1P8
    
    
    
    ଻ҷ੉ۄҊܻࠛח֢ٜ٘੄੘সਸా೧о੢ݢ੷೧एчਸ଺ח֢٘੄ઁউਵ۽೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞחঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ੹୓दझమ઺੄֢٘о࠺ਖ਼౯೯ਤܳೞ؊ۄبदझమ੉ਬ૑
    
    
    #JUDPJO &UIFSFVN
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    

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27. 1SPPGPG4UBLF 1P4
    
    
    
    ࠶۾୓ੋ࢚੄૑࠙ਸӝ߈ਵ۽؀׮ࣻ੄૑࠙ਸо૓֢ٜ٘੉ز੄ೞৈ೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞחঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO &UIFSFVN١
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    

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28. #SPBEDBTU
    -
    CBTFE#'5
    
    
    1#'5 *#'5١ઁউ੗੄ઁউী೤੄ଵৈ੗ٜ੉ై಴ܳా೧ز੄ೞח೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ੹୓दझమ઺੄֢٘о࠺ਖ਼౯೯ਤܳೞ؊ۄبदझమਬ૑
    
    
    ,MBZUO 5FOEFSNJOU "MHPSBOE "QUPT١
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    

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29. ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ
    
    
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
    

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30. 1SBDUJDBM#Z[BOUJOF'BVMU5PMFSBODF 1#'5
    ܳѐࢶೠ*#'5ঌҊ્ܻਸࢎਊ
    
    
    ୡղী೤੄җ੿ਸݽف৮ܐೞৈೠߣ೤੄ػ࠶۾਷ߣࠂغ૑ঋחউ੹ೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    *#'5ܳѐࢶೞৈ࠶۾୓ੋ௏যܳѐߊೠ೒ۖಬ ,BLBP,MBZUO +1.PSHBO2VPSVN
    
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉୶ҳೞחߑೱ
    
    
    ,MBZUOীࢲपदрࢲ࠺झࢎਊоמೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    -PX-BUFODZ౟ے੥࣌੄Ѿҗчਸ೤੄ܳ੉ܞਃ୒੗ীѱࡅܰѱ߈ജೞחঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    "CTPMVUF'JOBMJUZ೤੄ܳઙܐೠ࠶۾਷׮दߣࠂࠛоמೠঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    

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31. ೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿ (PWFSOBODF$PVODJMBOE$PNNJUUFF4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU
    
    
    
    ೤੄ز੘җ੿
    
    
    ࠶۾ઁউ੗ࢶ੿ 1SPQPTFS4FMFDUJPO
    
    
    
    ࠶۾ઁউ੗Ү୓ 3PVOE$IBOHF
    
    
    
    উ੿੸ੋ೤੄ܳਤೠ-PDLJOHNFDIBOJTN
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    

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32. ೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿(PWFSOBODF$PVODJMBOE$PNNJUUFF
    (PWFSOBODF$PVODJM ($
    
    
    
    $PNNJUUFF
    
    
    %FNPUFE
    

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33. ೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU
    ੋҳ࠙ನ
    ࣗٙ࠙ನ
    -PSFO[DVSWF
    ৮
    ੹
    ೠ
    ࣗ
    ٙ
    Ӑ
    ഋ
    (JOJJOEFY
    ,MBZUO($੄पઁ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ ૑פ҅ࣻ (JOJDPFGGJDJFOU
    
    

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34. ೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU
    3%
    3%
    13%
    27%
    54%
    ઺ঔചػ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ
    8%
    8%
    19%
    27%
    39%
    ࠛӐഋਸੌࠗ೧ࣗೠ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ
    ૑פ҅ࣻ੸ਊറ
    

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35. ࠶۾ઁউ੗ࢶ੿1SPQPTFS4FMFDUJPO
    (PWFSOBODF$PVODJM
    
    
    $PNNJUUFF
    
    
    4FMFDUJPO*OUFSWBM
    1SPQPTBM" 1SPQPTFS$ 1SPQPTFS# 1SPQPTFS$ 1SPQPTFS#
    ૑פ҅ࣻ੸ਊറ4UBLJOHনਸӝ߈ਵ۽ےؒೞѱ࠶۾߹1SPQPTFSࢶ੿
    #MPDL #MPDL #MPDL #MPDL #MPDL
    %FNPUFE
    

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36. ೤੄җ੿਷1SF
    -
    1SFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJUױ҅۽ҳࢿ
    
    
    1SF
    -
    1SFQBSFױ҅࠶۾ઁউ੗о࢜۽਍࠶۾ਸઁউ
    
    
    1SFQBSFױ҅ݽ֢ٚ٘ীѱز੄੄ࢎܳ಴അ߂׮֢ܲ٘੄ز੄ৈࠗഛੋ
    
    
    $PNNJUױ҅୭ઙഛ੿ਸਤ೧ೠߣ؊ز੄੄ࢎ಴അ߂ഛੋ
    ೤੄ز੘җ੿
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU
    

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37. ೤੄җ੿਷1SF
    -
    1SFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJUױ҅۽ҳࢿ
    
    
    1SF
    -
    1SFQBSFױ҅࠶۾ઁউ੗о࢜۽਍࠶۾ਸઁউ
    
    
    1SFQBSFױ҅ݽ֢ٚ٘ীѱز੄੄ࢎܳ಴അ߂׮֢ܲ٘੄ز੄ৈࠗഛੋ
    
    
    $PNNJUױ҅୭ઙഛ੿ਸਤ೧ೠߣ؊ز੄੄ࢎ಴അ߂ഛੋ
    ೤੄ز੘җ੿
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU
    

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38. ೤੄җ੿਷1SF
    -
    1SFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJUױ҅۽ҳࢿ
    
    
    1SF
    -
    1SFQBSFױ҅࠶۾ઁউ੗о࢜۽਍࠶۾ਸઁউ
    
    
    1SFQBSFױ҅ݽ֢ٚ٘ীѱز੄੄ࢎܳ಴അ߂׮֢ܲ٘੄ز੄ৈࠗഛੋ
    
    
    $PNNJUױ҅୭ઙഛ੿ਸਤ೧ೠߣ؊ز੄੄ࢎ಴അ߂ഛੋ
    ೤੄ز੘җ੿
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU
    

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39. ࠶۾೤੄ܳݥ୶૑ঋҊ૓೯ೞӝਤ೧࢜۽਍࠶۾ઁউ੗ঌҊ્ܻ୶о -JWFOFTTъച
    
    
    
    അ੤࠶۾ী؀ೠ೤੄оੌ੿दр T
    উী૓೯غ૑ঋח׮ݶ3PVOE$IBOHFҗ੿ਸ૓೯
    ࠶۾ઁউ੗Ү୓3PVOE$IBOHF
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF$PNNJU 3PVOE$IBOHF
    /FX1SPQPTFS
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF
    

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40. ೤੄઺࠶۾ઁউ੗о߸҃ؼٸ 4BGFUZܳࠁ੢ೞӝਤ೧-PDLJOHNFDIBOJTNਸ୶о
    
    
    ੉࢚੄೤੄ݫद૑ܳ߉਷֢٘חઁউػ࠶۾ী-PDLFE࢚కоؽ
    
    
    -PDLFE֢٘חઁউ੗߸҃੉ੌযա࢜۽ઁউػ࠶۾੄ഋకо׮ܰ׮ݶ೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞ૑ঋ਺
    -PDLJOH.FDIBOJTN
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU
    

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41. ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    Avg Transaction
    Latency(sec)
    0
    5.5
    11
    Klaytn NEAR DOT AVAX SOL Polygon
    Finality
    Klaytn Absolute
    Ethereum Probabilistic
    Solana Probabilistic
    Algorand Probabilistic
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉୶ҳೞחߑೱ
    
    
    ,MBZUOীࢲपदрࢲ࠺झࢎਊоמೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    -PXMBUFODZ೤੄ܳ੉ܞ౟ے੥࣌੄Ѿҗчਸਃ୒੗ীѱࡅܰѱ߈ജೞחঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    "CTPMVUF'JOBMJUZ೤੄ܳઙܐೠ࠶۾਷׮दߣࠂࠛоמೠঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    

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42. ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ
    
    
    ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
    
    
    ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
    

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43. ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ
    
    
    ૑৉੸ೠ҅ӓࠂ
    
    
    ࠶۾ઁউ੗ঌҊ્ܻࣻ੿
    
    
    ࠶۾੹౵ࠗೞхࣗ 0WFSMBQQJOH
    
    
    
    ࠛ೙ਃೠݫद૑ࠂ੟بܳхࣗ
    
    
    ೤੄җ੿1JQFMJOJOHোҳѐߊ
    
    
    ఎ઺ঔࢿഛࠁ
    
    
    ೤੄ଵৈ֢٘ࣻૐо৬п֢٘੄؀಴ࢿૐ؀
    1SPQPTFS
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1BSUJDJQBOU
    1SF
    -
    QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU
    0WFSMBQQJOH
    1JQFMJOJOH
    1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF
    1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF
    1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF
    

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44. ௿ۨ੉ౡী؀೧؊ੜঌҊर׮ݶ ௼۞झ౟ਬפߡझח૑Ә଻ਊ઺
    

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