카카오 블록체인 Klaytn의 합의 알고리즘 A to Z

$PQZSJHIU,BLBP$PSQ"MMSJHIUTSFTFSWFE3FEJTUSJCVUJPOPSQVCMJDEJTQMBZJTOPUQFSNJUUFEXJUIPVUXSJUUFOQFSNJTTJPOGSPN,BLBP ஠஠য়࠶۾୓ੋ ,MBZUO੄೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ"UP; JG LBLBP ӣ޹୍MPVJTNDL ௼۞झ౟ਬפߡझ

ߊ಴੗ࣗѐ Louis - 대학과 대학원에서 분산 시스템과 블록체인을 전공 -
Krust Universe, Protocol Part, Core Dev Team - Klaytn Consensus Algorithm 개발 및 연구

೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉ۆ ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ

실생활에서 합의 방법 형사합의 선거 재판 다수결 대화와 보상 판결

합의 알고리즘이란? दझమղ׮ࣻ੄֢٘оೞա੄чਵ۽೤੄ೞӝਤೠޙઁܳಽӝਤೠߑߨ ஹೊఠҕ೟੄࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊޙઁܳ೧Ѿೞݴߊ੹ ࠙࢑दझమীࢲп֢٘рؘ੉ఠزӝചޙઁܳബਯ੸ਵ۽೧Ѿೞӝਤ೧ߊ੹

분산 시스템의 오류 모델과 비잔틴 오류(Byzantine Fault) "%#Z[BOUJOF 0NJTTJPO 1FSGPSNBODF
$SBTI 'BJM - TUPQ ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨੌ߈੸ਵ۽दझమղঈ੄੸ੋߑ೧݈ܳೞݴӒ੉৻दझమীࢲߊࢤೡࣻ੓חݽٚয়ܨܳನೣ #Z[BOUJOF

The Two General's Problem ࢲ۽ڄযઉ੓חف੢ҵ੉೤੄ܳా೧زदী੸ҵਸҕѺ೧ঠ੹ైীࢲथܻ ҕѺ ҕѺ

The Two General's Problem ೠ੢ҵ੉׮ܲ੢ҵীѱҕѺदрਸ೤੄ೞӝਤ೧ݫद૑ܳ੹࣠ ղੌয়റदҕѺ

The Two General's Problem ݫद૑ܳ߉਷੢ҵ਷ݫद૑ܳࠁմ੢ҵҗ׮ܲ౵ߥ੉ۄݫद૑ܳޖद ղੌয়റदҕѺ ޖद

The Two General's Problem ݫद૑ী؀ೠ׹੢ਸৢ߄ܰѱ೮૑݅੸ҵী੄೧઺рীݫद૑о੹׳غ૑ޅೣ ղੌয়റदҕѺ 0,

The Two General's Problem ف੢ҵ੉ޛܻ੸ਵ۽ڄযઉ੓׮ݶف੢ҵ਷উ੹ೞѱ೤੄ীب׳ೡࣻহ਺ ҕѺ ҕѺ

비잔틴 오류 허용(Byzantine fault tolerance, BFT) ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊঌҊ્ܻ࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨо੓؊ۄب੹୓दझమ੉੿࢚੘زೞӝਤೠঌҊ્ܻ ୭ୡ੄࠺ਖ਼౯য়ܨೲਊ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ0SBMNFTTBHFBMHPSJUINCZ-FTMJF-BNQPSU "$.51-4
  tG ੉ೞ੄੢ҵٜ਷Gߓन੗ী؀਽ೡࣻ੓חߑߨ਷হ׮ ݺ੉࢚੄੢ҵ਷ݺ੄ߓन੗о੓؊ۄبݺ੉࢚਷೦࢚೤੄ܳೞৈदझమਸਬ૑ ҕѺ ҕѺ റృ റృ ҕѺ ҕѺ

5XPHFOFSBMsTQSPCMFN زӝ֎౟ਕ௼ۄҊо੿೧ب ف੢ҵ੉૒੽োѾغয੓૑ঋҊ઺рীೠݺ੄੹׳଼݅Ѣ૙݈ਸೠ׮ݶ ف੢ҵ਷೤੄ীب׳ೡࣻহ਺ '-1*NQPTTJCJMJUZ ࠺زӝ֎౟ਕ௼ীࢲೞա੄֢٘݅ޙઁоࢤӡࣻ੓؊ۄب ೤੄ޙઁܳಽࣻ੓ח࠙࢑ঌҊ્ܻ਷হ਺ #Z'JTIFS
-ZODIBOE1BUUFSTPO +"$. *NQPTTJCJMJUZ

$PSSFDUOFTTQSPQFSUJFTJODPOTFOTVT "HSFFNFOU $ زੌೠчী೤੄ 7BMJEJUZ $ ୡӝч੉э׮ݶ೤੄റزੌೠѾҗ 5FSNJOBUJPO $ ੌ੿दрউীೞա੄чਵ۽೤੄
$PSSFDUOFTTQSPQFSUJFTJOEJTUSJCVUFEDPNQVUJOH 4BGFUZୡӝч੉э׮ݶزੌೠчী೤੄റزੌೠѾҗ $BOE$ -JWFOFTT೦࢚೤੄о૓೯ $ '-1JNQPTTJCJMJUZী੄ೞݶ࠙࢑दझమীࢲ4BGFUZ৬-JWFOFTTܳݽف݅઒ೞחঌҊ્ܻ਷হ਺ ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻޙઁ

࠙࢑दझమ %JTUSJCVUFE4ZTUFNT

࠶۾୓ੋ #MPDL$IBJO

࠶۾୓ੋ੄ఎ઺ঔࢿҗైݺࢿ

࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃ ഛ੢ࢿ ఎ઺ঔച ࠁউࢿ %FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO 4DBMBCJMJUZ 4FDVSJUZ

%FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO೤੄ীଵৈೞҊर਷ଵৈ੗ח঱ઁٚ૑೤੄ଵৈ੗оؼࣻ੓਺ 4DBMBCJMJUZ౟ے੥࣌੄ࣻо݆ই૑؊ۄبࢿמ੉गহ੉୊ܻਊ۝ਸૐоदఆࣻ੓חמ۱ਸ੄޷ 4FDVSJUZӂೠ੉হחࢎਊ੗աঈ੄੸ੋࢎਊ੗о೤੄җ੿ਸߑ೧ೡࣻহب۾݄਺ ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃ 4DBMBCJMJUZ %FDFOUSBMJ[BUJPO 4FDVSJUZ

౟ܾۨ݃ࢎ੉ীࢲпౠࢿਸъઑೞݶ৔ೱਸ߉ח೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄ౠࢿ 4BGFUZೠߣ೤੄ػ࠶۾਷׮द߸҃ؼࣻহਵݴ زੌೠਬബѾҗчਵ۽೤੄ -JWFOFTT࠶۾ࢤࢿਸਤೠ೤੄җ੿੉Ү଱࢚కীࡅ૑૑ঋ਺ ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄౟ܾۨ݃ 4BGFUZ -JWFOFTT

BC BFT PoW PoS 채굴 투표 지분

1SPPGPG8PSL 1P8 ଻ҷ੉ۄҊܻࠛח֢ٜ٘੄੘সਸా೧о੢ݢ੷೧एчਸ଺ח֢٘੄ઁউਵ۽೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞחঌҊ્ܻ ੹୓दझమ઺੄֢٘о࠺ਖ਼౯೯ਤܳೞ؊ۄبदझమ੉ਬ૑ #JUDPJO &UIFSFVN ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ

1SPPGPG4UBLF 1P4 ࠶۾୓ੋ࢚੄૑࠙ਸӝ߈ਵ۽؀׮ࣻ੄૑࠙ਸо૓֢ٜ٘੉ز੄ೞৈ೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞחঌҊ્ܻ ,MBZUO &UIFSFVN١ ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ

#SPBEDBTU - CBTFE#'5 1#'5 *#'5١ઁউ੗੄ઁউী೤੄ଵৈ੗ٜ੉ై಴ܳా೧ز੄ೞח೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ ੹୓दझమ઺੄֢٘о࠺ਖ਼౯೯ਤܳೞ؊ۄبदझమਬ૑ ,MBZUO
5FOEFSNJOU "MHPSBOE "QUPT١ ࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ

1SBDUJDBM#Z[BOUJOF'BVMU5PMFSBODF 1#'5 ܳѐࢶೠ*#'5ঌҊ્ܻਸࢎਊ ୡղী೤੄җ੿ਸݽف৮ܐೞৈೠߣ೤੄ػ࠶۾਷ߣࠂغ૑ঋחউ੹ೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ *#'5ܳѐࢶೞৈ࠶۾୓ੋ௏যܳѐߊೠ೒ۖಬ ,BLBP,MBZUO +1.PSHBO2VPSVN ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉୶ҳೞחߑೱ ,MBZUOীࢲपदрࢲ࠺झࢎਊоמೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ
-PX-BUFODZ౟ے੥࣌੄Ѿҗчਸ೤੄ܳ੉ܞਃ୒੗ীѱࡅܰѱ߈ജೞחঌҊ્ܻ "CTPMVUF'JOBMJUZ೤੄ܳઙܐೠ࠶۾਷׮दߣࠂࠛоמೠঌҊ્ܻ ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ

೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿ (PWFSOBODF$PVODJMBOE$PNNJUUFF4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU ೤੄ز੘җ੿ ࠶۾ઁউ੗ࢶ੿ 1SPQPTFS4FMFDUJPO
࠶۾ઁউ੗Ү୓ 3PVOE$IBOHF উ੿੸ੋ೤੄ܳਤೠ-PDLJOHNFDIBOJTN ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ

೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿(PWFSOBODF$PVODJMBOE$PNNJUUFF (PWFSOBODF$PVODJM ($ $PNNJUUFF %FNPUFE

೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU ੋҳ࠙ನ ࣗٙ࠙ನ -PSFO[DVSWF ৮ ੹ ೠ ࣗ ٙ Ӑ
ഋ (JOJJOEFY ,MBZUO($੄पઁ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ ૑פ҅ࣻ (JOJDPFGGJDJFOU

೤੄ଵৈ੗ࢶ੿4UBLJOHBOE(JOJDPFGGJDJFOU 3% 3% 13% 27% 54% ઺ঔചػ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ 8% 8% 19%
27% 39% ࠛӐഋਸੌࠗ೧ࣗೠ4UBLJOH࠺ਯ ૑פ҅ࣻ੸ਊറ

࠶۾ઁউ੗ࢶ੿1SPQPTFS4FMFDUJPO (PWFSOBODF$PVODJM $PNNJUUFF 4FMFDUJPO*OUFSWBM 1SPQPTBM" 1SPQPTFS$ 1SPQPTFS# 1SPQPTFS$ 1SPQPTFS# ૑פ҅ࣻ੸ਊറ4UBLJOHনਸӝ߈ਵ۽ےؒೞѱ࠶۾߹1SPQPTFSࢶ੿
#MPDL #MPDL #MPDL #MPDL #MPDL %FNPUFE

೤੄җ੿਷1SF - 1SFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJUױ҅۽ҳࢿ 1SF - 1SFQBSFױ҅࠶۾ઁউ੗о࢜۽਍࠶۾ਸઁউ 1SFQBSFױ҅ݽ֢ٚ٘ীѱز੄੄ࢎܳ಴അ߂׮֢ܲ٘੄ز੄ৈࠗഛੋ $PNNJUױ҅୭ઙഛ੿ਸਤ೧ೠߣ؊ز੄੄ࢎ಴അ߂ഛੋ
೤੄ز੘җ੿ 1SPQPTFS 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1SF - QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU

࠶۾೤੄ܳݥ୶૑ঋҊ૓೯ೞӝਤ೧࢜۽਍࠶۾ઁউ੗ঌҊ્ܻ୶о -JWFOFTTъച അ੤࠶۾ী؀ೠ೤੄оੌ੿दр T উী૓೯غ૑ঋח׮ݶ3PVOE$IBOHFҗ੿ਸ૓೯ ࠶۾ઁউ੗Ү୓3PVOE$IBOHF 1SPQPTFS 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU
1SF - QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF$PNNJU 3PVOE$IBOHF /FX1SPQPTFS 1SF - QSFQBSF

೤੄઺࠶۾ઁউ੗о߸҃ؼٸ 4BGFUZܳࠁ੢ೞӝਤ೧-PDLJOHNFDIBOJTNਸ୶о ੉࢚੄೤੄ݫद૑ܳ߉਷֢٘חઁউػ࠶۾ী-PDLFE࢚కоؽ -PDLFE֢٘חઁউ੗߸҃੉ੌযա࢜۽ઁউػ࠶۾੄ഋకо׮ܰ׮ݶ೤੄ܳ૓೯ೞ૑ঋ਺ -PDLJOH.FDIBOJTN 1SPQPTFS 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1SF
- QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU

,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ Avg Transaction Latency(sec) 0 5.5 11 Klaytn NEAR DOT
AVAX SOL Polygon Finality Klaytn Absolute Ethereum Probabilistic Solana Probabilistic Algorand Probabilistic ,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੉୶ҳೞחߑೱ ,MBZUOীࢲपदрࢲ࠺झࢎਊоמೠ೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ -PXMBUFODZ೤੄ܳ੉ܞ౟ے੥࣌੄Ѿҗчਸਃ୒੗ীѱࡅܰѱ߈ജೞחঌҊ્ܻ "CTPMVUF'JOBMJUZ೤੄ܳઙܐೠ࠶۾਷׮दߣࠂࠛоמೠঌҊ્ܻ

,MBZUO೤੄ঌҊ્ܻ੄୶റѐࢶߑೱ ૑৉੸ೠ҅ӓࠂ ࠶۾ઁউ੗ঌҊ્ܻࣻ੿ ࠶۾੹౵ࠗೞхࣗ 0WFSMBQQJOH ࠛ೙ਃೠݫद૑ࠂ੟بܳхࣗ
೤੄җ੿1JQFMJOJOHোҳѐߊ ఎ઺ঔࢿഛࠁ ೤੄ଵৈ֢٘ࣻૐо৬п֢٘੄؀಴ࢿૐ؀ 1SPQPTFS 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1BSUJDJQBOU 1SF - QSFQBSF 1SFQBSF $PNNJU 0WFSMBQQJOH 1JQFMJOJOH 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF 1IBTF

௿ۨ੉ౡী؀೧؊ੜঌҊर׮ݶ ௼۞झ౟ਬפߡझח૑Ә଻ਊ઺

카카오 블록체인 Klaytn의 합의 알고리즘 A to Z

카카오 블록체인 Klaytn의 합의 알고리즘 A to Z

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