Introduction to Quarkus at Amsterdam Java User Group

Java is a great programming language, however 'traditional' Java isn't so great to work with when it comes to modern, Cloud Native development.

Quarkus is a (fairly) new Java stack that addresses issues such as the typical slow startup time and rather large memory usage that hinder the adoption of Java in container and/or Serverless workloads. Quarkus is not just useful for optimizing resource usage though. There is also a big focus on improving the developer experience.
Come and learn how to build Java applications with ease and joy using Quarkus, see how to develop with external dependencies such as databases or Kafka clusters, and understand how to containerize and deploy applications to Kubernetes-based environments.

After this session, you'll come away with inspiration to build modern Cloud Native applications with Java and Quarkus, while having fun doing so!

Transcript

2. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Kevin Dubois Who’s on stage today? 🤘 Java Champion 🤘 Principal Developer Advocate at Red Hat 🤘 Based in Belgium 󰎐 🤘 Speak English, Dutch, French, Italian 🤘 Open Source Contributor (Quarkus, Camel, Knative, ..) 🤘 Community Member (BeJUG, BeCNCF) @kevindubois@mastodon.social youtube.com/@thekevindubois linkedin.com/in/kevindubois @kevindubois.com
3. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} 3 “Traditional Java”
4. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Designed for Throughput At the expense of footprint
5. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Designed to be long-running At the expense of startup speed
6. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Rich dynamic behavior built for mutable systems Yet containers are primarily immutable
7. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Build Time Runtime Packaging (maven, etc) gradle…) Load config file from file system Parse it Classpath scanning to find annotated classes Attempt to load class to enable/disable features Build its model of the world. Start the management (thread, pool…) @ @ </> How Does “Traditional Java” Start?
8. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} JVM Scaling on Kubernetes
9. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Building blocks: Java-based runtime Platform resources quick resources starvation Resources Optimization Trend (Origins of Containerisation)
10. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Resources Optimization Trend (New & Lighter Runtimes) Building blocks: Platform resources Java-based runtime non-Java runtime 1 non-Java runtime 2 New blocks Improved utilization
11. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} What about our Existing Java Skills?
12. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Supersonic. Subatomic. Java
13. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Build Time Runtime @ @ </> The Quarkus Way Runtime Build Time @ @ </> Package model Build Time Runtime @ @ </>
14. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} The Quarkus Way enables Native Compilation JVM Build Time @ @ </> Package model Native
15. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Quarkus + Native (via GraalVM) 0.016 Seconds Quarkus + JVM (via OpenJDK) 0.943 Seconds Traditional Cloud-Native Stack 4.3 Seconds Supersonic Java
16. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Java warmup time https://youtu.be/bWmuqh6wHgE (first 13 minutes)
17. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Quarkus + Native (via GraalVM) 12 MB Quarkus + JVM (via OpenJDK) 73 MB Traditional Cloud-Native Stack 136 MB Subatomic Java
18. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Resources Optimization Trend (Quarkus making Java Relevant) Building blocks: Platform resources Java-based runtime non-Java runtime 1 non-Java runtime 2 Quarkus runtime high application density “Lufthansa Technik AVIATAR experiences significant cloud resources savings by moving to Kubernetes-native Quarkus” - Quarkus.io
19. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} https://www.redhat.com/en/resources/greener-java-applications-detail https://hollycummins.com/writing-greener-java-applications Setup / Assumptions 🤘 AWS (us-east-1) 🤘 SLA > 99% 🤘 800 req/sec over 20 days 🤘 50% load The Cost / Carbon Impact
20. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} 🤘 Zero-config Live coding 🤘 Extensions 🤘 Auto-provision services 🤘 Continuous testing 🤘 Dev UI 🤘 CLI Enhancing Developer Joy
21. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} IT’S STILL JAVA!
22. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} https://microprofile.io/
23. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} 🤘 Native Compilation with GraalVM works out of the box Even if you don’t have GraalVM installed! * 🤘 Quarkus engineers sit on the GraalVM advisory board (and Red Hat contributes to GraalVM project) 🤘 Quarkus is part of the GraalVM test suite Native Compilation *As long as you have a container runtime
24. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} AOT/Native-image vs VM mode
25. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Command Line Job Github App Cloud / Container Native Serverless & Functions Micro services EDA Kube Operator Traditional Apps CRUD Monoliths GitHub Actions Admin Tools Reactive Systems
26. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Jam Time!
27. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} 27 Quarkus Performance
28. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Quarkus IDC Lab Validation https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/key-findings-idc-red-hat-quarkus-lab-validation
29. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=data-r21&test=db&f=zijunz-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-v2qiv3-xamxa7-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-zik0zj-35r https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/key-findings-idc-red-hat-quarkus-lab-validation https://www.reddit.com/r/java/comments/o0ewar/do_quarkus_performance_benefits_scale 29
30. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} The importance of density JVM Quarkus Spring Boot Ratio (Quarkus / SB) Framework version 2.7.5.ER4 2.6.3 Build time (s) 6.69 17.65 37.92% Av. RSS after startup (MB) 506.56 913.01 55.48% Av. time to 1st req (ms) 2,287.67 4,653.67 49.16% Av. RSS after 1st req (MB) 534.49 973.8 54.89% Av. throughput (req/sec) 28,904.46 10,758.41 268.67% Av. RSS for max throughput (MB) 1,933.16 2,578.3 74.98% Max throughput density (req/sec/MB) 14.97 4.54 329.8% Native Quarkus Spring Boot Ratio (Quarkus / SB) Framework version 2.7.5.ER4 2.6.3 Build time (s) 89.25 213.78 41.75% Av. RSS after startup (MB) 58.3 160.17 36.4% Av. time to 1st req (ms) 37.33 175.33 21.29% Av. RSS after 1st req (MB) 63.79 167.4 38.1% Av. throughput (req/sec) 21,683.95 9,045.15 239.73% Av. RSS for max throughput (MB) 413.63 599.89 68.95% Max throughput density (req/sec/MB) 53.73 15.13 355.19% Some real numbers (8 cores, 12GB RAM, GraalVM 21.3.0.r11)
31. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} https://twitter.com/mraible/status/1585225154094764034 https://github.com/oktadev/native-java-examples/pull/54 Don’t take my word for it!
32. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} 32 Additional Resources
33. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus-super-heroes Quarkus Superheroes
34. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} “We went from 1 min startup times to 400 ms.” RH Press Release Community “We became increasingly worried about resource consumption that Spring Boot was having while being deployed on the Kubernetes cluster… It became increasingly cumbersome to find ways to circumvent the methodology we were using just to squeeze every little bit of performance out of Spring Boot” - Christos Sotiriou DXL Backend Chapter Lead, Vodafone Greece Information Week Community “We could run 3x denser deployments without sacrificing availability and response times of service.” “Quarkus is close to what our developers are already doing with Spring and it’s familiar to them. This is a big benefit” Community “Before we introduced Quarkus, many of our customers had started to look at alternative stacks like Go and node.js to improve performance and efficiency. These customers were weary of selecting a new language and having to hire new developers or retrain their existing Java developers.” - Arijit Mazumdar “There was a low learning curve with Quarkus. It took one of our developers one week to get up to speed on Quarkus and another week to migrate a Spring application to Quarkus.” - Arijit Mazumdar “Quarkus and the Spring API compatibility reduced the migration time and complexity which is critically important for our customers.” - Arijit Mazumdar Community Orgs experiencing Quarkus Joy https://quarkus.io/blog/tag/user-story
35. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Orgs experiencing Quarkus Joy “using Spring with AWS Lambda would have been prohibitive because the startup time of Spring in AWS Lambda is too big from my research” - Dennis Baerten “As costs increase, this is when the benefit of using Quarkus will be experienced due to its more efficient use of cloud resources and fast startup time compared to plain Java and Spring Boot” - Dennis Baerten “It took me about 3 days to get familiar with the Quarkus stack” - Dennis Berten, Spring Developer Blog “Some of Payair’s developers had mainly Spring experience, we were concerned that it would be difficult for them to “switch sides”. It turned out that our fear of the unknown was completely unfounded. Quarkus leverages some good old Jakarta EE standards that all Java developers are familiar with. We did not have to learn a bunch of new APIs.” - Hubert Lewandowski “As a long term Spring developer I realized that Spring is slowly becoming the very thing it swore to destroy. The initial premises of Spring (which basically can be summed up as a lightweight alternative to Jakarta EE) are way past the expiry date now. Spring is the undisputed heavyweight champion that can handle everything you imagine but is not your best option for fast and light services. And that applies to Spring Boot as well. - Hubert Lewandowski Blog “When you adopt Quarkus, you will be productive from day one since you don’t really need to learn new technologies.” -TalkDesk Blog “After deploying, we found that Quarkus used about 15% of the CPU, 12% of the memory compared to Spring Boot. So far, we are sticking with Quarkus!” - Sam Dacanay, Lead Software Engineer Blog https://quarkus.io/blog/tag/user-story
36. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Free Developer e-Books! https://developers.redhat.com/eventtutorials
37. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Start exploring in the OpenShift Sandbox. Learn containers, Kubernetes, and OpenShift in your browser. developers.redhat.com/developer-sandbox Try Red Hat's products and technologies without setup or configuration.
38. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Had a good time? let everyone know! @kevindubois #quarkusrocks Want to know more? Links are in the jam doc below Web quarkus.io Talk quarkus.io/community Twitter @quarkusio More developers.redhat.com dn.dev/quarkus-tutorial
39. Quarkus World Tour 2024 {🤘} Thank You! @thekevindubois kdubois @kevindubois