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[Journal club] Sketch, Ground, and Refine: Top-...
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Semantic Machine Intelligence Lab., Keio Univ.
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September 13, 2022
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[Journal club] Sketch, Ground, and Refine: Top-Down Dense Videoย Captioning
Semantic Machine Intelligence Lab., Keio Univ.
PRO
September 13, 2022
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Transcript
Sketch, Ground, and Refine: Top-Down Dense Video Captioning Chaorui Deng1,3,
Shizhe Chen2, Da Chen3, Yuan He3, Qi Wu1 1University of Adelaide, 2INRIA, 3Alibaba Group CVPR 2021 ๆๆตฆๅญๆ็ ็ฉถๅฎค ็ฅๅ ๅ ๅฐฑ Deng, C., Chen, S., Chen, D., He, Y., & Wu, Q. (2021). Sketch, ground, and refine: Top-down dense video captioning. In CVPR(pp. 234-243).
่ๆฏ๏ผaction recognitionใฎๆง่ฝใฏeventใฎๆฑใใซไพๅญ 3 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com actionใฎใฏใฉในใๆๅใซๅบๅฎ
โข ๆขๅญใฎaction recognitionๆๆณ ็ดฐใใactionใซใฏๅฏพๅฟไธ่ฝ โข Dense Video Captioning (DVC) ไธป่ฆใชใคใใณใใ็บ่ฆ๏ผไธ่ฒซใใใน ใใผใชใผใง่ชฌๆ ใฉใกใใ้้ใฃใฆใฏใใชใ=ๅฎ็พฉใ็ฐใชใ ใขใใซใซใฏๅคๅฅไธ่ฝ๏ผ็ๆๆ ใฎๅ่ณชไฝไธ
ๆขๅญ็ ็ฉถ 4 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com [Zhou+ CVPR18]
โข CNNๅใณtransformerใ็จใใend-to-end DVCใขใใซ โข โdetect-then-describeโใใฌใผใ ใฏใผใฏ โข ๏ใคใใณใใไธ้ใๆคๅบใใใใใใซ ใญใฃใใทใงใณใไปใใใใไธ่ฒซๆงใใชใ [Mun+ CVPR19] โข RNNใ็จใใDVCใขใใซ โข ๆ็ณปๅ้ ใซใคใใณใใๆคๅบ๏ผไธฆในใๅพใซ ใญใฃใใทใงใณใ็ๆ โข ๏ใคใใณใใฎๅฎ็พฉใฎๅทฎ็ฐใ็ๆๆใฎๅ่ณช ใซๅฝฑ้ฟ
ๅฏพ่ฑกใฟในใฏ๏ผDense Video Captioning (DVC) 5 The Power of PowerPoint -
thepopp.com โข ๅ ฅๅ โข ๅบๅ โข ๅ็ปๅ ใฎใคใใณใใ็นๅฎ๏ผใญใฃใใทใงใณ ใไปไธใใคใคใฟใคใ ในใฟใณใใไฝๆ [Krishna+ ICCV17] ๅ็ป ๐ {๐๐ , ๐ธ๐ }๐=1 ๐ ๐๐ : ่คๆฐๆ๏ผ ๐ธ๐ : ใปใฐใกใณใ๏ผ๐: ใคใใณใๆฐ
ๆๆกๆๆณ๏ผSketch, Ground, and Refine (SGR) 6 The Power of PowerPoint
- thepopp.com Sketching Grounding Refining ใใฉใฐใฉใใฎ็ๆ ใปใฐใกใณใใฎ็ๆ ใใฉใฐใฉใใฎๆดๆฐ
Contextual Video Encoder 7 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com
โข ๅ็ปใฎใจใณใณใผใใ่กใ โข ๅ ฅๅ: ๐ โข ๅบๅ: ๐ฏ๐ฃ โ โ๐ร๐๐ T: ไบๅใซๅๅฒใใในใใใใๆฐ๏ผ ๐๐: ้ ใๅฑคใฎใตใคใบ 1. CNNใ็จใใฆ็นๅพด้๐ญ๐ฃ โ โ๐ร๐๐ใๆฝๅบ 2. transformer encoding layerใ็จใใฆ๐ฏ๐ฃ (๐) โ โ๐ร๐๐ใ่จ็ฎ ๐ฏ๐ฃ (๐+1) = ๐๐น๐น๐ (๐ฏ๐ฃ ๐ + ๐๐๐ป๐ด (๐ฏ๐ฃ ๐ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ ๐ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ (๐)))
Sketching: Paragraph Decoder 8 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com
โข ๅ็ปใใๆฝๅบใใ็นๅพด้ใใๆใ็ๆ โข ๅ ฅๅ: ๐ฏ๐ฃ โข ๅบๅ: ๐ฏ๐ โ โ๐ฟ๐ร๐๐, p(๐ค๐ |๐ค<๐ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ ) ๐ฟ๐: ็ๆใใใใใฉใฐใฉใใฎ้ทใ ๐ฏ๐๐ (๐) = ๐ฏ๐ ๐ + ๐๐๐ป๐ด (๐ฏ๐ ๐ , ๐ฏ๐ ๐ , ๐ฏ๐ (๐))) ๐ฏ๐๐ (๐) = ๐ฏ๐๐ ๐ + ๐๐๐ป๐ด (๐ฏ๐๐ ๐ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ )) ๐ฏ๐๐ (๐+1) = ๐ฏ๐๐ ๐ + ๐๐น๐น๐ (๐ฏ๐๐ ๐ )) 1. transformer decoder layerใ็จใใฆ๐ฏ๐ (๐)ใ่จ็ฎ 2. ๅๅ่ชใฎ็ๆ็ขบ็ใ่จ็ฎ p ๐ค๐ ๐ค<๐ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ = ๐๐ ๐๐๐ก๐๐๐ฅ (๐ฏ๐,๐ ๐พ๐๐๐ ) ่จ็ทดๆใฏteacher forcing ๐ฟ๐ = เท ๐ค๐ โโ๐โ โ log ๐(๐ค๐ โ|๐ค<๐ โ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ )
Grounding: Temporal Sentence Localiser 9 The Power of PowerPoint -
thepopp.com โข ๅๆใใใปใฐใกใณใใฎใฟใคใ ในใฟใณใใไบๆธฌ โข ๅ ฅๅ: ๐ฏ๐ฃ , ๐ฏ๐๐ โ โ๐ฟ๐ ๐ ร๐๐ ๐ฟ๐ ๐ : ๆ๐๐ ใฎ้ทใ(๐ฏ๐ ใฎไธ้จ) โข ๅบๅ: ๐๐ , ๐๐ , ๐๐ โ โ๐ 1. transformerใซใใใๆณจๆๆฉๆงใ็จใใฆ๐ฏ๐ฃ (๐ ๐)ใ่จ็ฎ ๐ฏ๐ฃ (๐ ๐) = ๐ฏ๐ฃ + ๐๐ด๐๐ (๐ฏ๐ฃ , ๐ฏ๐๐ , ๐ฏ๐๐ )) 2. 1-D Convๅฑคใ้ฉ็จใ เทฉ ๐ป๐ฃ (๐ ๐)ใจใใๅพ๏ผ็ทๅฝขๅ้กๅจใซใใ็ขบไฟกๅบฆ ในใณใข๐๐ , ๐๐ , ๐๐ ใไบๆธฌ ๐๐ฅ = ๐๐ ๐๐๐ก๐๐๐ฅ (เทฉ ๐ฏ๐ฃ ๐ ๐ ๐พ๐ )) ๐ฅ โ {๐ , ๐, ๐} i็ช็ฎใฎใปใฐใกใณใ๐ธ๐ ใซๅฏพใใ็ขบไฟกๅบฆใฏ๐๐ ,๐๐ + ๐๐,๐๐ + ๐๐,๐๐ ็ขบไฟกๅบฆใ้ซใใใฎใ็จใใฆ๐ธ๐ = [๐ก๐ ๐ , ๐ก๐ ๐]ใจใใ
Grounding: Temporal Sentence Localiser 10 The Power of PowerPoint -
thepopp.com ๆๅคฑ้ขๆฐ: ้ใฟไปใใญใธในใใฃใใฏๅๅธฐ ๐ฟ๐ = 1 ๐ ฯ ๐ฅโ{๐ ,๐,๐} ฯ๐ก=1 ๐ (๐ผ๐ฅ +๐๐ฅ,๐ก โ log ๐๐ฅ,๐ก + ๐ผ๐ฅ โ(1 โ ๐๐ฅ,๐ก โ ) log 1 โ ๐๐ฅ,๐ก ) ๆญฃไพ ่ฒ ไพ ใใใง๏ผGround Truthใฏไปฅไธใฎใใใซๅฎ็พฉ ๐ธ๐ โ = [๐ก๐ ๐ , ๐ก๐ ๐] ๐๐ = ๐ก๐ ๐ โ ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐ ๐ผ1 ๐๐ ๐ผ1 ๐๐ ๐ผ2 ๐๐ ฯ๐ฃ โข ๅ จใฆใฎใคใใณใใซใคใใฆ๐๐ก = [๐๐ฃ ๐ก โ 0.5 , ฯ๐ฃ (๐ก + 0.5)], ๐๐ ๐ , ๐๐ ๐, ๐๐ ๐ใ็ฎๅบ โข ๐๐ฅ,๐ก โ = 1(Intersection of Area (IoA) > ฮธ) ๐๐ฅ,๐ก โ = 0 (else)
Refining: Fine-grained Sentence Decoder 11 The Power of PowerPoint -
thepopp.com โข ็ๆๆใ๏ผๅใๆใใๅ็ปใฎ็นๅพด้ใ็จใใฆๆดๆฐ โข ๅ ฅๅ: ๐ฏ๐ฃ , ๐ฏ๐๐ , ๐ธ๐ โข ๅบๅ: ๐๐ ๐ 1. transformer-based decoderใ็จใใฆ๐ฏ๐ (๐,โ)ใ่จ็ฎ ๐ฏ๐ (๐,๐) = ๐ฏ๐ (๐,๐) + ๐๐๐ป๐ด (๐ฏ๐ ๐,๐ , ๐ฏ๐๐ , ๐ฏ๐๐ )) + ๐๐๐ป๐ด (๐ฏ๐ ๐,๐ , ๐ฏ๐๐ , ๐ฏ๐๐ )) ๐ฏ๐๐ โ โ๐๐๐ ร๐๐: ๐ธ๐ ใซๅบใฅใใฆๅใๆใใๅ็ปใฎ็นๅพด้ ๐๐๐ : ๐ธ๐ ใซๅซใพใใในใใใใใฎๆฐ
Refining: Fine-grained Sentence Decoder 12 The Power of PowerPoint -
thepopp.com 2ๆฎต้ใฎ่จ็ทด 1. Teacher forcingใ็จใใ่จ็ทด ๐ฟ๐ = เท ๐ค๐ โโ๐โ โ log ๐(๐ค๐ โ|๐ค<๐ โ , ๐ฏ๐ฃ ) 2. ๅผทๅๅญฆ็ฟ ่ฒ ใฎๅ ฑ้ ฌ๐ฟ๐ ๐ ๐ (๐) = โ๐ผ๐๐ ๐~๐ [๐ (๐ ๐ (๐))]ใฎๆๅฐๅใ่ใใ (R(): METEOR) ๅ ฑ้ ฌใฎๅพ้ ๏ผโ๐ฟ๐ ๐ ๐ (๐) = โ(๐ด๐ ๐ + ๐ด๐ )โ log ๐(๐ (๐ ๐ (๐)) ๐ด๐ ๐ = ๐ ๐ ๐ (๐) โ ๐ าง ๐ ๐ (๐) + ๐ ๐ ๐ (๐) โ ๐ (๐๐ ) ๐ด๐ = ๐ ๐(๐) โ ๐ เดค ๐(๐) + ๐ ๐(๐) โ ๐ (๐) ่ฒชๆฌฒ่งฃ
ๅฎ้็็ตๆ๏ผใฟใคใใฎ็ฐใชใ2็จฎ้กใฎใใผใฟใปใใใงSOTA 13 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com ActivityNet[Krishna+ CVPR17]ใซใใใ็ต
ๆ(backborn: C3D) 2ใคใฎใใผใฟใปใใใซใใใ็ตๆ (backborn: TSN[Xiong+ 16]) โข ไธป่ฆๅฐบๅบฆใงใใMETEORใซใใใฆๆๆกๆๆณ ใไธๅใ โข ใญใฃใใทใงใณใฎๆดๆฐใ่กใใใจใงw/o Refiningใใใๆง่ฝๅไธ โข ๆๆกๆๆณใฏใใใใฎใใผใฟใปใใใซใใใฆใ้ซๆง่ฝ โข SODA: ใญใฃใใทใงใณๆฐใซๆๆใ ใ๏ผ็ตๆใใ๏ผๆญฃใ ใใปใฐใกใณใใซๅๅฒใงใใฆใใ https://www.ecva.net/papers/eccv_2020/papers_ECCV/papers/123510511.pdf
Ablation studies: ๆฐ่ฆใขใธใฅใผใซใฎๆๅนๆงใ็ขบ่ช 14 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com
ActivityNet (backborn: TSN)ใซใใใ๏ผMETEORใฎในใณใขใ็คบใ ๅผทๅๅญฆ็ฟใฎๆๅนๆงใ็ขบ่ช 2็จฎ้กใฎattentionใฏใใใใๆๅน
ๅฎๆง็็ตๆ 15 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com ๆๆกๆๆณใฏRefiningใขใธใฅใผใซใใชใๅ ดๅใใใGTใซ่ฟใใปใฐใกใณใๅใณใญใฃใใทใงใณ็ๆ ใซๆๅ
ใพใจใ 16 The Power of PowerPoint - thepopp.com โข ่ๆฏ
Video Dense Captioning (VDC) ใซใใใฆ๏ผใคใใณใๆฝๅบโใญใฃใใทใงใณ็ๆใจใใๆๆณใงใฏๆง่ฝ ใซ้็ใใใฃใ โข ๆๆกๆๆณ ็ๆใใใญใฃใใทใงใณใใใปใฐใกใณใใฎใฟใคใ ในใฟใณใใไฝๆ๏ผใญใฃใใทใงใณใใใใซ็ฒพ้ฌใใ ใๆๆณ๏ผSketch, Ground, and Refine (SGR)ใๆๆก โข ็ตๆ ไธป่ฆๅฐบๅบฆใซใใใฆๆขๅญๆๆณใไธๅใฃใใปใ๏ผใปใฐใกใณใใฎใฟใคใ ในใฟใณใใซใคใใฆใๆญฃ็ขบๆงใๅ ไธใใ