サービスデザインプロジェクトB 第1回「ブロックチェーン概論」 / Overview of Blockchain

2020年10月12日、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科の「サービスデザインプロジェクトB (2020 秋)」第1回にて使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. B 2020 1 ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.1/56
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) ( . . . ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.2/56
3. ( ) SFC ( ) CSO (Chief Science Officer) 1993 ( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 20 P2P (Peer-to-Peer) ( 9 ) 2011 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 → ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.3/56
4. 2020 9 60 (2020) : . . . ( ) . . . B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.4/56
5. . . . ( ) 2018 1 2 2018 OK Google, Google ( ) Python (2020 ) ( ) ∈ Alexa, B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.5/56
6. Alexa, ত࿨࣌୅
   
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    ੈلલ൒ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͸͍ ͸͍ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͜ͷ৚݅ͷͱ͖ ٕज़Ͱ͋Γࣾձ؀ڥ
   ˠ
   ࣗવ؀ڥ ਓ ⇒ ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.6/56
7. Python 3 Ethereum B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.7/56
8. B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.8/56
9. (1/2) — World Wide Web SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 2020 1990 World Wide Web End-to-End ( ) ( ) ( ) End-to-End ( ) 2008 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.9/56
10. (2/2) — 2020 ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.10/56
11. ← Python Flask (Python ) Ethereum Brownie (Python Ethereum ) BBc-1 ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.11/56
12. ( 2 ) ( ) Discord ( ) ( : ) . . . : ( ) : DApp ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.12/56
13. ( ) 25% 25% 20% 30% ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.13/56
14. ( ) 1 10 12 • 2 10 19 3 10 26 1 4 11 2 2 5 11 9 1 6 11 16 2 7 11 30 8 12 7 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.14/56
15. 1. 2. Ethereum 3. B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.15/56
16. 1. B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.16/56
17. ( ) ( ) ( ) (BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : BP-2 : BP-3 : ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.17/56
18. ( ) (LIFO : Last In, First Out) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.18/56
19. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 16 ) SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ( ) 1bit B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.19/56
20. ( ) ( ) < , > ( ) ← : < , > : : < , , > : OK ( 1 ) NG ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.20/56
21. BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1 f : → BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 ( ) ← BP-3 + ← BP-{1,2} B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.21/56
22. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ← ↑ B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.22/56
23. TX : transaction ( 4 TX ) SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.23/56
24. ( ) ( ) ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
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    O  ͍ͪ͹Μه࿥ɾॻ͖׵͑ͷίετ͕ߴ͍ྺ࢙ ࠷΋վ͟Μ͠ʹ͍͘ྺ࢙ ͕༗ޮ ͻͱͭखલͷϒϩοΫͷ ʮμΠδΣετʯ σδλϧॺ໊͞Εͨ ʮτϥϯβΫγϣϯ औҾ ʯ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺͦͷʮμΠδΣετʯ͕͋Δ਺ҎԼͱ͍͏৚݅Λຬͨͨ͠Γ 1SPPG
    PG
    8PSL Ծ૝௨՟ͷ࣋ͪ෼ʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛ࢖ͬͨ౤ථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPG
    PG
    4UBLF ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δਓ͸ͦͷதʹࣗ෼ʹѼͯͨ Ծ૝௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ৔߹ʹ ݶΓใु΋༗ޮͱͳΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ ͨΊͷޮ཰తͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ ਖ਼౰ੑ ଘࡏੑ །Ұੑ Proof of Work ( ) . . . → B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.24/56
25. (BP-3 ) ( : ) (BP-3 ) ( : ) BP-{1,2,3} BP-{1, 2} ⇒ B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.25/56
26. (Confidentiality) BP-{1,2,3} ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) BP-3 (Availability) BP-2 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.26/56
27. 2009 ↑ 11 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.27/56
28. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930 ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.28/56
29. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.29/56
30. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.30/56
31. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.31/56
32. ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.32/56
33. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.33/56
34. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.34/56
35. ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.35/56
36. ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.36/56
37. B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.37/56
38. with ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.38/56
39. DNS IP AS B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.39/56
40. ( ) ( ) (web ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.40/56
41. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.41/56
42. ( ) ( ) 3D B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.42/56
43. 2. Ethereum macOS (Catalina 10.15.7) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 18.04) Windows 10 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu 18.04 ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.43/56
44. Solidity Ethereum http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” solc 0.7.3 (10/10 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.44/56
45. Python3 macOS $ brew install python3 Linux $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.7 python3.7-dev python3.7-venv python3.7-tk 16.10 python3(.7) apt python3.8 B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.45/56
46. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.46/56
47. Python (venv) macOS ‘python3.7’ ‘python3’ $ python3.7 -m venv bbc1env $ source bbc1env/bin/activate (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel bbc1env ( BBc-1 ) ( ) (bbc1env) $ deactivate B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.47/56
48. Ganache CLI Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache CLI $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.48/56
49. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.8.4 (5/13 ) B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.49/56
50. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token ( ) $ brownie compile ( ) $ pytest tests B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.50/56
51. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.51/56
52. 3. Ethereum ropsten B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.52/56
53. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID Brownie “brownie-config.yaml” . . . YAML WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (∼/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.53/56
54. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Ropsten Ethereum Faucet 1.0ETH https://faucet.ropsten.be ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.54/56
55. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.55/56
56. B 2020 — 1 — 2020-10-12 – p.56/56