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ブロックチェーン概論とインストール大会 / Overview of Blockchain an...
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Kenji Saito
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October 18, 2021
Technology
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160
ブロックチェーン概論とインストール大会 / Overview of Blockchain and Installation
2021年10月18日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2021秋 第2回で使用されたスライドです。
Kenji Saito
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October 18, 2021
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Transcript
B 2021 2 ( ) B 2021 — 2 —
2021-10-18 – p.1/58
https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom
URL ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.2/58
( ) 1 10 11 • 2 10 18 •
3 10 25 4 11 1 5 11 8 1 6 11 15 2 7 11 22 8 11 29 Discord B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.3/58
– : : Ethereum ( ) ( ) Ethereum B
2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.4/58
– B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.5/58
( ) ( ) ( ) ↓ ( ( ))
(BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : ( ) BP-2 : ( ( ) ) BP-3 : ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.6/58
( ) (LIFO : Last In, First Out) ( )
B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.7/58
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 16
) SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ( ) 1bit B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.8/58
( ) ( ) < , > ( ) ←
: < , > : : < , , > : OK ( 1 ) NG ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.9/58
BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1 f : →
BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 ( ) (BP-2 ) ( ) ← BP-3 (?) + ← BP-{1,2} B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.10/58
[Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ←
↑ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.11/58
TX : transaction ( 4 TX ) SMRP (State Machine
Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.12/58
( ) ( ) ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O
ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ϒϩοΫ൪߸O ͍ͪΜهɾॻ͖͑ͷίετ͕ߴ͍ྺ࢙ ࠷վ͟Μ͠ʹ͍͘ྺ࢙ ͕༗ޮ ͻͱͭखલͷϒϩοΫͷ ʮμΠδΣετʯ σδλϧॺ໊͞Εͨ ʮτϥϯβΫγϣϯ औҾ ʯ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔͨΊʹɺͦͷʮμΠδΣετʯ͕͋ΔҎԼͱ͍͏݅Λຬͨͨ͠Γ 1SPPGPG8PSL Ծ௨՟ͷ࣋ͪʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛͬͨථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPGPG4UBLF ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔਓͦͷதʹࣗʹѼͯͨ Ծ௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ߹ʹ ݶΓใु༗ޮͱͳΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ ͨΊͷޮతͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ ਖ਼ੑ ଘࡏੑ །Ұੑ Proof of Work ( ) ( ) . . . → B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.13/58
(BP-3 ) ( : ) (BP-3 ) ( : )
← NFT BP-{1,2,3} BP-{1, 2} ⇒ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.14/58
(Confidentiality) BP-{1,2,3} ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) BP-3 (Availability) BP-2
B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.15/58
2009 ↑ 12 ( 5 ) B 2021 — 2
— 2021-10-18 – p.16/58
( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930
) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.17/58
( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2
— 2021-10-18 – p.18/58
( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2021 —
2 — 2021-10-18 – p.19/58
( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2
— 2021-10-18 – p.20/58
( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.21/58
/ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B
2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.22/58
( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2
— 2021-10-18 – p.23/58
( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf B 2021 — 2 —
2021-10-18 – p.24/58
( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18
– p.25/58
B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.26/58
with ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) B
2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.27/58
DNS : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 ( ) IP AS B 2021 —
2 — 2021-10-18 – p.28/58
( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012
(web ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.29/58
( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( )
( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.30/58
( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 3D HACCP ( )
B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.31/58
2. Ethereum macOS (Big Sur 11.6) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu
20.04.3) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) Windows 10 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.32/58
Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”,
macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.9 (10/6 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.33/58
Ganache CLI Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux
https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache CLI $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.34/58
Python3 macOS $ brew install
[email protected]
python3 python 3.9 (12/2
) 3.9 3.8 3.9 $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies
[email protected]
$ brew install
[email protected]
/usr/local/opt/
[email protected]
/bin/python3 Linux $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-venv python3.8-tk 16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA ) python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.35/58
macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library
not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.36/58
Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.8’ ‘python3’ $ python3.8
-m venv bbc1env $ source bbc1env/bin/activate (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel bbc1env ( BBc-1 ) ( ) (bbc1env) $ deactivate B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.37/58
Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version
1.16.4 (10/6 ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.38/58
$ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token
$ cd token B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.39/58
contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM)
(AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ~/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.40/58
Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance()
100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.41/58
3. Ethereum ropsten B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 –
p.42/58
infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API
infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (~/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.43/58
ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>>
len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Ropsten Testnet ETH Faucet 5.0ETH https://faucet.dimensions.network/ ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.44/58
ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’)
>>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "1 ether") B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.45/58
Ethereum B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.46/58
Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART
CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 15 (= ) = ⇒ → Dapps ( / / ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.47/58
( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.48/58
. . . B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 –
p.49/58
vs. B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.50/58
= run B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.51/58
Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) Ether EVM
EVM B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.52/58
EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine Gas ( EVM = (
burn)) . . . B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.53/58
EVM : : ← : Solidity — JavaScript LLL —
Lisp Vyper — Python Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW! Solidity Vyper Python B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.54/58
Solidity ( ) pragma solidityˆ0.7.0; contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */
string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require (_owner == msg.sender); _owner = to; return true; } } B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.55/58
( , ) (constructor) (deploy) = ( ) ( )
ETH Trusted Actor Model B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.56/58
Ethereum B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.57/58
B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.58/58