ブロックチェーン概論とインストール大会 / Overview of Blockchain and Installation

2021年10月18日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2021秋 第2回で使用されたスライドです。

Transcript

1. B 2021 2 ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.1/58
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.2/58
3. ( ) 1 10 11 • 2 10 18 • 3 10 25 4 11 1 5 11 8 1 6 11 15 2 7 11 22 8 11 29 Discord B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.3/58
4. – : : Ethereum ( ) ( ) Ethereum B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.4/58
5. – B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.5/58
6. ( ) ( ) ( ) ↓ ( ( )) (BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : ( ) BP-2 : ( ( ) ) BP-3 : ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.6/58
7. ( ) (LIFO : Last In, First Out) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.7/58
8. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 16 ) SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ( ) 1bit B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.8/58
9. ( ) ( ) < , > ( ) ← : < , > : : < , , > : OK ( 1 ) NG ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.9/58
10. BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1 f : → BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 ( ) (BP-2 ) ( ) ← BP-3 (?) + ← BP-{1,2} B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.10/58
11. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ← ↑ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.11/58
12. TX : transaction ( 4 TX ) SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.12/58
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    PG
    8PSL Ծ૝௨՟ͷ࣋ͪ෼ʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛ࢖ͬͨ౤ථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPG
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    4UBLF ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δਓ͸ͦͷதʹࣗ෼ʹѼͯͨ Ծ૝௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ৔߹ʹ ݶΓใु΋༗ޮͱͳΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ ͨΊͷޮ཰తͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ ਖ਼౰ੑ ଘࡏੑ །Ұੑ Proof of Work ( ) ( ) . . . → B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.13/58
14. (BP-3 ) ( : ) (BP-3 ) ( : ) ← NFT BP-{1,2,3} BP-{1, 2} ⇒ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.14/58
15. (Confidentiality) BP-{1,2,3} ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) BP-3 (Availability) BP-2 B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.15/58
16. 2009 ↑ 12 ( 5 ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.16/58
17. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930 ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.17/58
18. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.18/58
19. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.19/58
20. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.20/58
21. ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.21/58
22. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.22/58
23. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.23/58
24. ( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.24/58
25. ( ) ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.25/58
26. B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.26/58
27. with ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.27/58
28. DNS : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 ( ) IP AS B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.28/58
29. ( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (web ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.29/58
30. ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.30/58
31. ( ) ( ) : https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05442 3D HACCP ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.31/58
32. 2. Ethereum macOS (Big Sur 11.6) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 20.04.3) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) Windows 10 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.32/58
33. Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.9 (10/6 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.33/58
34. Ganache CLI Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache CLI $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.34/58
35. Python3 macOS $ brew install python@3.8 python3 python 3.9 (12/2 ) 3.9 3.8 3.9 $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python@3.9 $ brew install python@3.8 /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 Linux $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-venv python3.8-tk 16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA ) python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.35/58
36. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.36/58
37. Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.8’ ‘python3’ $ python3.8 -m venv bbc1env $ source bbc1env/bin/activate (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel bbc1env ( BBc-1 ) ( ) (bbc1env) $ deactivate B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.37/58
38. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.16.4 (10/6 ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.38/58
39. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.39/58
40. contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM) (AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ~/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.40/58
41. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.41/58
42. 3. Ethereum ropsten B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.42/58
43. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (~/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.43/58
44. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Ropsten Testnet ETH Faucet 5.0ETH https://faucet.dimensions.network/ ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.44/58
45. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "1 ether") B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.45/58
46. Ethereum B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.46/58
47. Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 15 (= ) = ⇒ → Dapps ( / / ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.47/58
48. ( ) B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.48/58
49. . . . B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.49/58
50. vs. B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.50/58
51. = run B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.51/58
52. Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) Ether EVM EVM B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.52/58
53. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine Gas ( EVM = ( burn)) . . . B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.53/58
54. EVM : : ← : Solidity — JavaScript LLL — Lisp Vyper — Python Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW! Solidity Vyper Python B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.54/58
55. Solidity ( ) pragma solidityˆ0.7.0; contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */ string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require (_owner == msg.sender); _owner = to; return true; } } B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.55/58
56. ( , ) (constructor) (deploy) = ( ) ( ) ETH Trusted Actor Model B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.56/58
57. Ethereum B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.57/58
58. B 2021 — 2 — 2021-10-18 – p.58/58