Golangで支えるハイパフォーマンスAPI

アプリ・サーバー間通信からスケーラブルなマイクロサービス間の連携まで、さまざまな状況で必要とされてきているRESTfulAPI。これをGo言語で構築し、高いパフォーマンスと高可用性を兼ね備えたサーバーを実現するまでをご紹介いたします。

Transcript

1. GolangͰࢧ͑Δ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯεAPI Kazuhisa Togo
2. × LIGʹ͓͚ΔGolang΁ͷऔΓ૊Έ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
3. × ࣗࣾαʔϏεͷόοΫΤϯυʹ GolangΛ࠾༻͍ͯ͠·͢ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
4. × ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷڮ౉͠Λ୲͏౷߹API “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
5. × ๲େͳϦΫΤετΛࡹ͘େن໛API “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃதͷAPI
6. × 100% GolangͰ։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃதͷAPI
7. ͳͥGolangͳͷ͔
8. LIGͷ౷ҰΞΧ΢ϯταʔϏε
9. OAuth 2 αʔόʔ + API
10. ͋ΒΏΔαʔϏεͷϩάΠϯॲཧΛ୲౰
11. LIG ID͕μ΢ϯ ʹ શαʔϏεͰϩάΠϯෆՄʹ
12. ೝূॲཧ ʹ ηΩϡϦςΟʔϗʔϧ͸ڐ͞Εͳ͍
13. ϛογϣϯΫϦςΟΧϧ
14. ๲େͳಉ࣌ϦΫΤετ ։ൃதͷAPI
15. ߴෛՙʹ଱͑ΔύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ඞཁ ։ൃதͷAPI
16. ӡ༻ίετ΋ݮΒ͍ͨ͠ ։ൃதͷAPI
17. ୯Ґੑೳͷ޲্ =
 αʔόʔͷ୆਺࡟ݮ ։ൃதͷAPI
18. αʔϏεͷఀࢭ͸ େن໛ͳػձଛࣦʹܨ͕Δ ։ൃதͷAPI
19. ৴པੑ͕ඞཁෆՄܽ ։ൃதͷAPI
20. ௕ظతʹӡ༻ = ։ൃͷ͠΍͢͞΋ॏཁ ։ൃதͷAPI
21. ߴ͍৴པੑ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε ։ൃͷ͠΍͢͞
22. ߴ͍৴པੑ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε ։ൃͷ͠΍͢͞ ʴ ৽͍͠ݴޠΛ࠾༻͢ΔͳΒ ֶशίετ΋཈͍͑ͨ
23. GolangΛ࠾༻͠·ͨ͠ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
24. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
25. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ͍৴པੑ
26. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ίϯύΠϥʔݴޠ ϓϩάϥϜΛ༧Ίػցޠʹ຋༁ ʢίϯύΠϧʣ
27. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ίϯύΠϥʔݴޠ ίϯύΠϧ͍ͭͰʹ ࣗಈͰॲཧͷ࠷దԽ·Ͱߦ͏
28. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ίϯύΠϥʔݴޠ ػցޠΛ௚઀࣮ߦ͢ΔͷͰ ͱͯ΋ߴ଎
29. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ίϯύΠϥʔݴޠ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹίϯύΠϧΤϥʔΛݕग़ όά͕͔ͳΓݮΔ
30. Fatal error: Call to undefined function doSomething() εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ ະఆٛͷؔ਺Λݺͼग़͠
31. Fatal error: Call to undefined function doSomething() εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ·Ͱ෼͔Βͳ͍
32. Fatal error: Call to undefined function doSomething() εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ GolangͳΒ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹݕग़Մೳ
33. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ੩తܕ෇͚ શͯͷม਺ͷσʔλܗࣜʢܕʣ͕ݻఆ
34. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ੩తܕ෇͚ ܕ͕Ұக͠ͳ͍ͱίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ ࣮ߦ࣌ΤϥʔΛ્ࢭ
35. Fatal error: Call to a member function someMethodCall() on array εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ ഑ྻʹରͯ͠ϝιουݺͼग़͠
36. Fatal error: Call to a member function someMethodCall() on array εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ ͜Ε΋࣮ߦ͢Δ·Ͱ෼͔Βͳ͍
37. Fatal error: Call to a member function someMethodCall() on array εΫϦϓτݴޠ͋Δ͋Δ GolangͳΒ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹݕग़Մೳ
38. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ ࣮ߦ͔࣌͠෼͔Βͳ͍ϩδοΫΤϥʔΛ ػցతʹࣗಈͰςετ
39. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ go test ίϚϯυ
40. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ *_test.go ϑΝΠϧΛஔ͍ͯ ςετίʔυΛهड़
41. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ ඪ४Ͱ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ testing ύοέʔδΛར༻
42. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ ίϯιʔϧͰ go test Λ࣮ߦ ʹ ςετ͕ߦΘΕΔ
43. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ ϕϯνϚʔΫ΋ඪ४ରԠ
 go test -bench
44. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Ϣχοτςετͷඪ४αϙʔτ ੵۃతʹςετΛॻ͘Α͏ʹͳͬͨ ʢ౰ࣾൺʣ
45. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃͷ͠΍͢͞
46. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ֶशίετͷ௿͞ Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩෳࡶͳίʔυΛආ͚ͨઃܭ
47. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ֶशίετͷ௿͞ ඇৗʹ୹ظؒͰֶशՄೳ
48. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ֶशίετͷ௿͞ ฐࣾྫɿܦݧऀθϩͷঢ়ଶ͔Β 3िؒͰαʔϏεϩʔϯν
49. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃεϐʔυ ੩తܕ෇͚͕ͩɺ୹͍ߏจͰදݱՄೳ
50. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃεϐʔυ ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ͕ݕग़Ͱ͖ΔͷͰ ࣮ߦ࣌Τϥʔ͕গͳ͘ͳΔ
51. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ։ൃεϐʔυ ಉ͡඼࣭ͷ΋ͷΛ໨ࢦͤ͹ ܾͯ͠஗͘ͳ͍
52. ISUCON
53. Iikanjini Speed Up CONtest ʢ͍͍ײ͡ʹεϐʔυΞοϓίϯςετʣ ISUCON
54. όοΫΤϯυքͷεϐʔυϨʔε ISUCON
55. ݶΒΕͨ࣌ؒ಺ͰɺͲ͜·Ͱ ύϑΥʔϚϯε্͕͛ΒΕΔ͔Λڝ͏ ISUCON
56. ݶΒΕͨ࣌ؒ಺ͰɺͲ͜·Ͱ ύϑΥʔϚϯε্͕͛ΒΕΔ͔Λڝ͏ ISUCON
57. ݶΒΕͨ࣌ؒ಺ͰɺͲ͜·Ͱ ύϑΥʔϚϯε্͕͛ΒΕΔ͔Λڝ͏ ISUCON ։ൃεϐʔυ໋͕ ↓
58. ISUCONຊઓ
 ར༻ݴޠϥϯΩϯά ISUCON
59. ISUCON 3 (2013) ISUCON 4 (2014) ISUCON5 (2015) 1Ґ Perl 44% Ruby 33.3% 10૊ Ruby 44% 11૊ 2Ґ Ruby 36% Go 30.0% 9૊ Go 32% 8૊ 3Ґ Python 12% Perl 20.0% 6૊ Perl 28% 7૊ 4Ґ Go Node.js PHP 4% PHP 16.6% 5૊ LUA
 Shell Javascript 4% 1૊ ISUCON Ref: http://isucon.net
60. ISUCON 3 (2013) ISUCON 4 (2014) ISUCON5 (2015) 1Ґ Perl 44% Ruby 33.3% 10૊ Ruby 44% 11૊ 2Ґ Ruby 36% Go 30.0% 9૊ Go 32% 8૊ 3Ґ Python 12% Perl 20.0% 6૊ Perl 28% 7૊ 4Ґ Go Node.js PHP 4% PHP 16.6% 5૊ LUA
 Shell Javascript 4% 1૊ ISUCON Golang͕2೥࿈ଓͰຊઓ2Ґ֫ಘ Ref: http://isucon.net
61. ISUCON 3 (2013) ISUCON 4 (2014) ISUCON5 (2015) 1Ґ Perl 44% Ruby 33.3% 10૊ Ruby 44% 11૊ 2Ґ Ruby 36% Go 30.0% 9૊ Go 32% 8૊ 3Ґ Python 12% Perl 20.0% 6૊ Perl 28% 7૊ 4Ґ Go Node.js PHP 4% PHP 16.6% 5૊ LUA
 Shell Javascript 4% 1૊ ISUCON ͭ·Γ։ൃεϐʔυ͸े෼ʹ଎͍ Ref: http://isucon.net
62. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ύϑΥʔϚϯε
63. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ APIͰ؊ʹͳΔͷ͕Ϩεϙϯεͷ଎౓
64. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ ॲཧ͕࣌ؒ୹͚Ε͹ ୯Ґ࣌ؒ͋ͨΓʹΑΓଟ͘ࡹ͚Δ
65. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ Golang͸ίϯύΠϥʔܕͳͷͰ ࣮ߦ଎౓͸ஶ͘͠଎͍
66. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ ؆୯ͳॲཧͳΒϚΠΫϩඵϨϕϧ
67. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ ฐࣾྫɿ࣮ࡍʹ։ൃதͷAPI͸ 1msະຬͰॲཧΛऴ͑Δ͜ͱ΋
68. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ Ծʹ200msΛ20msʹݮΒͤΕ͹ ୯Ґ࣌ؒ͋ͨΓ10ഒͷϦΫΤετΛࡹ͚Δ
69. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ࣮ߦ଎౓ APIʹ࠷ద
70. ͲͷΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ͔ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French
71. ͲͷΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ͔ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ޲্
72. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ ࣮૷ʹΑͬͯύϑΥʔϚϯε͸ ܻҧ͍ʹҟͳΔ
73. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ WAFͷ࣮ྫɿMartini ͸ඇৗʹ஗͘ ۙ೥ओྲྀͷ Echo ΍ Gin ͳͲ͸଎͍
74. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ ෳ਺ͷύοέʔδΛ ϕϯνϚʔΫͰςετ͢Δ
75. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ ΘΓͱϕϯνϚʔΫ݁Ռ΋ ଟ͘ग़ճ͍ͬͯ·͢
76. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French fasthttp ࣮ྫ
77. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French fasthttp ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦΑΓ΋ߴ଎Խͨ͠ HTTPαʔόʔ
78. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French fasthttp ඪ४ͷ net/http ͸ ϝϞϦΞϩέʔγϣϯ͕ඇޮ཰
79. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French fasthttp ϝϞϦޮ཰Λൈຊతʹվળ
80. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ ௒ߴස౓ͳϦΫΤετʹର͢Δ ύϑΥʔϚϯε͸਺ഒվળ
81. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ߴ଎ͳύοέʔδͷબ୒ ຊՈ net/http ΑΓ͸ϝϯςස౓௿Ί ಋೖ͸৻ॏʹ
82. ͲͷΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ͔ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ςετϑΝʔετ
83. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ TDDͱ͸ݴΘͳ͍·Ͱ΋ ςετ͸Ͱ͖ΔݶΓ100%ߦ͍͍ͨ
84. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ Golang͸ύοέʔδ୯ҐͰ ࡉ͔͘ϢχοτςετΛॻ͘࢓༷
85. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ DBΞΫηεΛந৅Խ͢ΔͳͲɺ ґଘͷͳ͍࣮૷Λ໨ࢦ͢
86. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ DBΞΫηεͷςετͳͲ͸ DockerΛར༻
87. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ ςετίʔυ͔Β Docker্ཱ͕ͪ͛ΒΕΔ
88. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ ςετ͝ͱʹDockerίϯςφΛ্ཱͪ͛ DBΛॳظԽͯ͠ςετ
89. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ಠཱੑͷߴ͍࣮૷ ͜͜·ͰGoͷίʔυ͚ͩͰ࣮ݱͰ͖·͢
90. ͲͷΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ͔ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French σϓϩΠϝϯτ
91. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French ΋ͬͱ΋؆୯ͳσϓϩΠ Ϗϧυͨ͠όΠφϦΛ ಥͬࠐΉ͚ͩ
92. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French σʔϞϯԽ σʔϞϯԽ͢ΔύοέʔδΛར༻
93. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French σʔϞϯԽ ·ͨ͸ΤʔδΣϯτΛ༻͍ͯ ؒ઀తʹσʔϞϯԽ
94. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Docker DockerͰίϯςφ࡞੒ ίϚϯυͻͱͭͰͲ͜Ͱ΋࣮ߦ
95. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French CIͰϏϧυ ϩʔΧϧͰͷϏϧυͷ୅ΘΓʹ CIͰςετ&Ϗϧυ
96. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French CIͰϏϧυ CircleCIͳͲ͸GolangʹରԠ GitHub΁ͷPushͰࣗಈϏϧυ
97. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French CIͰϏϧυ Ϗϧυޙ͸ࣗಈσϓϩΠ PushҎޙ͸શͯࣗಈԽ
98. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Amazon Web Service AWSͳΒCode DeployͳͲΛར༻
99. Golangͷಛ௃ “Gopher” illustration by © Renee French Google App Engine GAEͳΒίϯιʔϧ͔Β ਺ճͷίϚϯυͰσϓϩΠ
100. ͕࣌ؒ͋Ε͹࿩͢͜ͱ
101. ͕࣌ؒ͋Ε͹࿩͢͜ͱ • GoͰྑ͔ͬͨ͜ͱ • ฒྻॲཧ͕༰қ → ؆୯ʹCPUੑೳΛ࢖͍੾ΕΔ • ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ॆ࣮ → SMTP΍HTTPͷαʔόʔɺ҉߸Խ͔Βը૾ॲཧ·Ͱʂ • ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦͷಋೖ͕ඇৗʹָ → githubͳͲͷϦϙδτϦURLΛࢦఆ͢Δ͚ͩ • ґଘؔ܎ͷ೰Έ͕ͳ͍ → Go 1.5͔ΒVendoringʹରԠ • ඪ४ͰςετػೳΛ಺ଂ → Ϣχοτςετ΍ϕϯνϚʔΫɺίʔυͷղੳɾݕূ·Ͱ • ඪ४Ͱιʔείʔυͷίϝϯτ͔ΒυΩϡϝϯτΛࣗಈੜ੒ • ଞͷίϯύΠϧܕݴޠͱൺֱͨ͠ಛ௃ • ίϯύΠϧ͕ߴ଎ → ޮ཰తͳґଘؔ܎ղੳ΍֊૚ߏ଄Λ࣋ͨͳ͍ܕͳͲɺߴ଎ʹίϯύΠϧͰ͖Δ ઃܭ • ΨϕʔδίϨΫγϣϯ → ϝϞϦʔͷղ์ʹ಄Λ೰·ͤͳͯ͘ࡁΉɻgo1.5Ͱେ෯ʹߴ଎Խ • ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ1ͭʹશͯΛύοΩϯά → Ϗϧυ͑͢͞Ε͹ґଘؔ܎Λؾʹ͠ͳ͍͍ͯ͘
102. • Goͷઃܭࢥ૝ → அࣺ཭ϕʔεɻόάͷੜΈʹ͘͞ͱཧղͷ͠΍͢͞ɺߴ଎͞Λॏࢹͨ͠ઃܭ • FAQ͕ͱͯ΋ॆ࣮ → ઃܭࢥ૝͕ॻ͖࿈Ͷͯ͋Δ • ྫ֎͕ͳ͍ → ʮྫ֎͸ίʔυΛෳࡶʹ͢ΔͨΊʯ • ؔ਺΍ԋࢉࢠͷΦʔόʔϩʔυ͕ͳ͍ → ʮࠞཚ΍όάͷݩɻແ͍΄͏͕ͣͬͱγϯϓϧʯ • δΣωϦΫε͕ͳ͍ → ʮকདྷతʹ͸ಋೖͷՄೳੑɻݱࡏ͸ϕετͳઃܭΛ໛ࡧதʯ • ඪ४ͷςετεΠʔτʹΞαʔγϣϯ͕ͳ͍ → ʮਖ਼͍͠ΤϥʔॲཧͱϨϙʔτͷهड़Λଅͨ͢Ίʯ • Goʹ͓͚Δ໰୊఺ • interface{} → ܕγεςϜͷར఺͕࡟͕ΕΔɺ΍ͬͺΓδΣωϦΫεཉ͍͠ • ࡉ͔͍࢓༷·Ͱཧղ͠ͳ͍ͱࢥΘͣόάΔ͜ͱ͸·ͩ͋Δ → Sliceͷ࢓༷͸᠘ • gccgoͷ։ൃ͕ؒʹ߹ͬͯͳ͍ → Go1.5Ҏ߱͸ϏϧυࡁΈόΠφϦΛಋೖ͢Δ͔1.4ܥͷΠϯετʔ ϧ͕ඞཁɻͦͯ͠gc͸gccgoΑΓ஗͍ʢͦΕͰ΋े෼଎͍͕ʣ ͕࣌ؒ͋Ε͹࿩͢͜ͱ
103. ͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠