independent watchdog for work-‐related health, safety and illness.’ The HSE enforces health and safety in Great Britain’s workplaces by tackling issues which result in death, serious injury and illness.
near misses at work to the HSE. • A form is filled out by the employer, accessible via the HSE website, or the accident can be reported by telephone. • The form consists of several ques<ons regarding the workplace, where the accident occurred and the severity of the injury. • This informa<on is then stored by the HSE in a database called RIDDOR-‐ Repor4ng of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regula4ons. Repor<ng of Accidents
accidents occur and the causes of such accidents. • The RIDDOR dataset provided by HSE contains 6 years of data. The dataset is geographically referenced and provides a rich source of informa<on on the type of job sector and work-‐related injuries. RIDDOR
through evening/ night (Ardi< et al, 2007 and Mustard et al, 2012). • Workers with long shiXs through the evening/night suffer from fa<gue (Shields, 2002 and Åkerstedt, 2003).
rain, snow and ice and low levels of daylight which can be the cause of many physical accidents at work (Hanbali, 1992 and Johannson et al, 2009). • Hot summer months can cause <redness and stress at work (Morabito et al, 2006).
The frequency of accidents are calculated and weighted against the working popula<on categorically by Local Authority district. The hours of daylight are computed through R using the package ‘lubridate’ and mapped geographically across Great Britain. Seasonal change and accidents at work A mosaic plot is computed in R showing the standardised residuals of accidents corresponding to geographic region and month of the year. These visualisa<on techniques are used to facilitate the ini<al analysis of space-‐<me data mining of the RIDDOR data.
Regions Months East Midlands East of England London North East North West South West West Midlands Yorkshire and The Humber Scotland Wales Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Accidents by Region and Month
on work-‐ related accidents. Generally more accidents in the North of England and Scotland, which have fewest hours of daylight. • In the UK the issue of whether to alter daylight saving <me, is regularly debated, and these findings are directly relevant to this debate. Increasing the number of hours of daylight in the working day may prevent such high frequencies of accidents occurring in par<cular outdoor industries.
the day with accident rate. • Text mining-‐ type of injuries with job sectors. • Time series analysis-‐ RIDDOR data da<ng back to the 1980s is accessible via HSE.
Occup Med 2003(53) pp. 89-‐94. Ardi<, D., Lee, D-‐E. and Polat, G. (2007) Fatal accidents in nighkme vs. day<me highway construc<on work zones, Journal of Safety Research, 38:4 pp. 399-‐405 Hanbali, R. M. (1992) Influence of Winter Road Maintenance on Traffic Accident Rates, Doctoral Disserta<on, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, MarqueNe University, Milwaukee, WI, 1992. Johansson, O., Wanvik, P. O. and Elvik, R. (2009) A new method for assessing the risk of accident associated with darkness, Accident Analysis and Preven4on 41:4 pp. 809-‐815 Morabito, M., Cecchi, L., Crisci, A., Modes<, P. A. and Orlandini, S. (2006) Rela<onship between work-‐related accidents and hot weather condi<ons in Tuscany (Central Italy) Industrial Health 2006(44:3) pp. 458-‐464 Mustard, C. A., Chambers, A., McLeod, C., Bielecky, A. and Smith, P. M. (2012) Work injury by <me of day in town popula<on-‐based data sources Occup Environ Med 2012(00) pp. 1-‐8 Shields M. (2002) ShiX work and health Health Rep 2002(9) pp. 11-‐33
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