SLAC17: PHP On Scale

License: CC BY-SA

Slides of my talk at the Secure Linux Administration Conference in Berlin at May 23rd, 2017.

Transcript

1. PHP on Scale
   Martin Helmich
   Mittwald CM Service GmbH & Co. KG
   10. Secure Linux Administration Conference, Berlin
   23. Mai 2017
   CC-0, coffy
   https://pixabay.com/de/thailand-elefanten-sonnenuntergang-142982
   

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2. Dieses Werk ist lizensiert unter einer Creative Commons
   (Namensnennung & Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen)
   4.0 International Lizenz.
   http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
   

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3. Martin Helmich
   Software- & Systemarchitekt bei Mittwald CM Service
   Dozent (Private Hochschule für Wirtschaft & Technik,
   Hochschule Hamm-Lippstadt)
   http://stackoverflow.com/story/martinhelmich
   https://github.com/martin-helmich
   https://www.martin-helmich.de
   

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6. Parse Error: syntax error, unexpected
   T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM
   פעמיים נקודתיים = "Doppelter Doppelpunkt"
   

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7. CC-0, Michael Gaida
   https://pixabay.com/de/hafen-binnenhafen-rhein-kran-1569694
   

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10. 82,6 %
    https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/programming_language/all
    

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12. +100ms
    Seitenaufbau
    -1%
    Umsatz
    https://blog.gigaspaces.com/amazon-found-every-100ms-of-latency-cost-them-1-in-sales/
    

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13. +500ms
    Seitenaufbau
    -20%
    Traffic
    https://blog.gigaspaces.com/amazon-found-every-100ms-of-latency-cost-them-1-in-sales/
    

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15. <
    Erste Regel für PHP-Performance:
    „Neuer ist besser!“
    CC BY-SA, Grm https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Macintosh_128k_transparency.png
    CC BY-SA, Sonicscrewdriver https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Late_2016_MacBook_Pro.jpg
    

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16. 68,69 TPS
    167,87 TPS
    163,48 TPS
    0 50 100 150 200
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    PHP 7.1
    Transactions per Second
    Quelle: https://github.com/martin-helmich/php7-benchmark
    Mehr = Besser
    Zutaten
    • Wordpress 4.7.4
    • MariaDB 10.1
    • Siege mit 100 parallelen Nutzern
    

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17. 68,69 TPS
    167,87 TPS
    163,48 TPS
    0 50 100 150 200
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    PHP 7.1
    Transactions per Second
    Quelle: https://github.com/martin-helmich/php7-benchmark
    Mehr = Besser
    1,44 s
    0,59 s
    0,60 s
    0 0,5 1 1,5 2
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    PHP 7.1
    Average Response Time
    Weniger = Besser
    

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18. http://php.net/manual/en/migration70.php
    

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19. Zweite Regel für PHP-Performance:
    Engpässe identifizieren
    

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20. xdebug.profiler_enable=1
    xdebug.profiler_output_dir=/var/lib/xdebug
    https://xdebug.org/docs/profiler
    

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23. CC-0 hpgruesen
    https://pixabay.com/de/schienenwege-streckengleise-1377329/
    

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24. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    

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25. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    Cache
    PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    Cache
    CC-BY, Lauris Rubenis https://www.flickr.com/photos/beardforgood/9186992422
    CC-0, PublicDomainPictures https://pixabay.com/de/schnecke-weichtier-schale-1959/
    

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26. Redis
    memcached APC
    XCache
    

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27. function getExpensiveValue() {
    $cacheValue = apc_fetch("my_expensive_value", $success);
    if ($success) {
    return $success;
    }
    $value = computeExpensiveValue();
    apc_store("my_expensive_value", $value, 3600);
    return $value;
    }
    

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28. PSR-6: Caching Interface
    http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-6/
    

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29. class Foo {
    private $cache;
    public __construct(CacheItemPoolInterface $cache) {
    $this->cache = $cache;
    }
    public getExpensiveValue() {
    $item = $this->cache->getItem("my_expensive_value");
    if (!$item->isHit()) {
    $item->set($this->computeExpensiveValue());
    $this->cache->save($item);
    }
    return $item->get();
    }
    }
    

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30. PSR 6-Implementierungen:
    • cache/array-adapter
    • cache/memcached-adapter
    • cache/filesystem-adapter
    • cache/redis-adapter
    • cache/apcu-adapter
    https://packagist.org/providers/psr/cache-implementation
    

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31. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    

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32. CC-BY, Lauris Rubenis https://www.flickr.com/photos/beardforgood/9186992422
    CC-0, PublicDomainPictures https://pixabay.com/de/schnecke-weichtier-schale-1959/
    PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    Cache
    PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    Cache
    NGINX
    Varnish
    Cloudfront
    Cloudflare
    

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33. CC-0 hpgruesen
    https://pixabay.com/de/schienenwege-streckengleise-1377329/
    

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34. Dritte Regel für PHP-Performance:
    „Viel hilft viel!“
    CC BY-SA Victorgrigas
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_Servers-8055_35.jpg
    

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35. View Slide

36. Server
    Server
    Server
    Server
    LB Datenbank
    HAProxy
    NGINX
    Traefik
    Server
    

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37. CC-0, julielines
    https://pixabay.com/de/elefant-s%C3%BCdafrika-kruger-erhaltung-765735/
    

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39. Server
    Server
    Datenbank
    LB
    

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40. Server
    Server
    „Login!“
    Datenbank
    LB
    Cookie
    Session-Daten
    

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41. Server
    Server
    Request
    Datenbank
    LB
    

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42. [Session]
    session.save_handler = files
    session.save_path = "/var/lib/php7/sessions"
    

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43. backend my_application
    balance source
    hash-type consistent
    server backend01 10.0.0.9:80 check
    server backend02 10.0.0.10:80 check
    server backend03 10.0.0.11:80 check
    Source Address Affinity
    

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44. CC-0, maxmann
    https://pixabay.com/de/waage-apfel-gewichtskontrolle-1155878/
    

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45. Server
    Server
    „Login!“
    Datenbank
    LB
    Cookie
    Session-Daten
    Session Store
    

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46. Server
    Server
    Request
    Datenbank
    LB
    Session-Daten
    Session Store
    

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48. [Session]
    -session.save_handler = files
    -session.save_path = "/var/lib/php7/sessions"
    +session.save_handler = redis
    +session.save_path = "tcp://:6379"
    

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49. [Session]
    -session.save_path = "tcp://:6379"
    +session.save_path = "tls://:6379?auth="
    Security-Tipp:
    Verbindung über reines TCP nur in vertrauenswürdigen Netzen!
    Ansonsten TLS-Proxy (HAProxy, Hitch, …) und Passwort-Authentifizierung verwenden!
    

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50. Server
    Server
    LB Datenbank
    Filesystem?
    

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51. LB Datenbank
    Server
    Server
    NFS
    

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52. LB Datenbank
    Server
    Server
    Object Storage
    S3, Ceph, Swift, Minio, …
    

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53. Server
    Server
    Server
    Server
    Server
    LB Datenbank
    DFS
    DFS
    DFS
    DFS
    DFS GlusterFS, CephFS, XtreemFS, …
    

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54. LB Datenbank
    Server
    Server
    NGINX
    Varnish
    Cloudfront
    Cloudflare
    Edge Cache
    

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55. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    APCu
    

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56. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    APCu
    PHP-Applikation
    APCu
    PHP-Applikation
    APCu
    Scale-Out
    Achtung!
    Inkonsistente
    Caches!
    

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57. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    Redis
    PHP-Applikation
    PHP-Applikation
    Scale-Out
    

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58. View Slide

59. Cache Chaining
    CC BY-SA, Paul Maenz
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lima_Eimerkette_141207_Pressefoto.jpg
    

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60. PHP-Applikation
    Datenbank
    APCu
    PHP-Applikation
    APCu
    PHP-Applikation
    APCu
    Scale-Out
    Redis
    

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61. App App
    DB
    A
    Cache
    APC APC APC
    App
    

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62. App App
    DB
    A
    Cache
    APC APC APC
    A
    A
    App
    

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63. App App
    DB
    Cache
    A
    APC
    A APC
    A APC
    A
    A
    B
    App
    B
    B
    Achtung!
    Inkonsistente
    Caches!
    

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64. App App
    DB
    Cache
    B
    APC
    A APC
    A APC
    B
    B
    App
    ttl=60 ttl=60 ttl=60
    ttl=86400
    ttl=∞
    

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65. Cache Chaining
    Zum Zuhause nachmachen:
    composer require \
    cache/apcu-adapter \
    cache/redis-adapter \
    cache/chain-adapter
    $redis = new Redis();
    $redis->connect(
    '',
    6379
    );
    $pool = new CachePoolChain([
    new ApcuCachePool(),
    new RedisCachePool($redis)
    ]);
    

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66. „Was ist eigentlich
    mit HHVM?“
    CC-0, Yummymoon
    https://pixabay.com/de/meerkat-blick-beobachter-natur-s%C3%BC%C3%9F-968862/
    

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67. Lexing
    Parsing
    Compilation
    Opcode
    Cache
    PHP-Opcodes
    Opcodes werden vom
    PHP-Interpreter ausgeführt
    Ausführung von
    PHP-Code
    ~ Traditionell ~
    Compilation
    

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68. View Slide

69. View Slide

70. Lexing
    Parsing
    Compilation
    Compilation
    JIT-
    Compiler
    HipHop-
    Bytecode
    Ausführung als
    nativer Maschinencode
    Ausführung von
    PHP-Code
    ~ HipHop VM ~
    Code-
    Repository
    AST HipHop
    intermediate
    representation
    x86-64/ARM-
    Maschinencode
    

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71. View Slide

72. https://speakerdeck.com/martinhelmich/inspiringcon14-elephpants-on-speed-running-typo3-flow-on-hiphop-vm
    

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73. 68,69 TPS
    167,87 TPS
    163,48 TPS
    171,95 TPS
    0 50 100 150 200
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    PHP 7.1
    HHVM 3.19
    PHP 5.6 PHP 7.0 PHP 7.1 HHVM 3.19
    Quelle: https://github.com/martin-helmich/php7-benchmark
    1,44 s
    0,59 s
    0,60 s
    0,58 s
    0 0,5 1 1,5 2
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    PHP 7.1
    HHVM 3.19
    PHP 5.6 PHP 7.0 PHP 7.1 HHVM 3.19
    

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74. https://speakerdeck.com/martinhelmich/inspiringcon14-elephpants-on-speed-running-typo3-flow-on-hiphop-vm
    

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75. 287,92 TPS
    335,13 TPS
    794,20 TPS
    917,10 TPS
    1739,28 TPS
    1363,24 TPS
    1123,41 TPS
    0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
    PHP 5.6
    PHP 7.0
    HHVM 3.10
    Laravel Drupal 8 Wordpress 4.4
    Quelle: https://kinsta.com/blog/the-definitive-php-7-final-version-hhvm-benchmark
    

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76. CC-0, Three-Shots
    https://pixabay.com/de/elefant-staub-road-afrika-savannah-2066383/
    

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77. Martins PHP-Performance-
    Checkliste
    • Neueste Software-Versionen im Einsatz?
    • OP-Cache aktiv?
    • Profiling durchgeführt?
    • Datenbank-Struktur optimiert?
    • Software- und Systemarchitektur
    optimiert (z.B: Caching, CQRS, …)?
    

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78. https://karriere.mittwald.de
    

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