Swift Package Manager

This talk is a short introduction into the Swift Package Manager.

Transcript

1. Swift Package Manager swift.berlin #14, January 2016 Boris Bügling - @NeoNacho
2. CocoaPods
3. Contentful
4. Agenda • What is swiftpm? • Making our own package • How does it work? • Comparison with related tools
5. What is swiftpm?
6. import PackageDescription let package = Package( name: "Hello", dependencies: [ .Package(url: "ssh://git@example.com/Greeter.git", versions: Version(1,0,0)..<Version(2,0,0)), ] )
7. $ swift build Compiling Swift Module 'Clock' (2 sources) Linking Library: .build/debug/Clock.a
8. What does it do? • Compiles and links Swift packages • Resolves, fetches and builds their dependencies
9. Current state • Currently builds static libraries or binaries • Supported platforms are OS X and Ubuntu Linux • Only builds Swift code, no C/C++/Objective-C/...
10. $ swift build --help OVERVIEW: Build sources into binary products USAGE: swift build [options] MODES: --configuration <value> Build with configuration (debug|release) [-c] --clean Delete all build intermediaries and products [-k] OPTIONS: --chdir <value> Change working directory before any other operation [-C] -v Increase verbosity of informational output
12. Making our own package
13. ! A small library for parsing and writing ISO8601 date strings.
14. Sources/ └── Clock ├── ISO8601Parser.swift └── ISO8601Writer.swift 1 directory, 2 files
15. $ touch Package.swift $ swift build
16. Tests?
17. Spectre describe("a person") { let person = Person(name: "Kyle") $0.it("has a name") { try expect(person.name) == "Kyle" } $0.it("returns the name as description") { try expect(person.description) == "Kyle" } }
18. spectre-build $ swift build $ .build/debug/spectre-build -> a person -> has a name -> returns the name as description 2 passes and 0 failures
19. import PackageDescription let package = Package( name: "Clock", testDependencies: [ .Package(url: "https://github.com/neonichu/spectre-build.git", majorVersion: 0), ] )
20. BUILD_DIR=./.build/debug .PHONY: clean lib test test: lib $(BUILD_DIR)/spectre-build clean: swift build --clean lib: swift build
21. $ make test swift build ./.build/debug/spectre-build -> Converting dates to strings -> can convert NSDate to an ISO8601 GMT string -> Parsing of localtime dates -> can parse dates -> can parse dates with negative timezone offsets -> can parse timezone offsets without colons -> Parsing of UTC dates -> can parse dates -> can parse epoch -> can parse dates without seconds -> is resilient against Y2K bugs 8 passes and 0 failures
22. Swift versions $ cat .swift-version swift-2.2-SNAPSHOT-2015-12-22-a • Is read by either chswift or swiftenv
23. Travis CI os: - linux - osx language: generic sudo: required dist: trusty osx_image: xcode7.2 install: - curl -sL https://gist.github.com/kylef/ 5c0475ff02b7c7671d2a/raw/ 621ef9b29bbb852fdfd2e10ed147b321d792c1e4/swiftenv-install.sh | bash script: - . ~/.swiftenv/init
24. Git tagging • Package.swift only supports tagged dependencies • Don't forget to push your tags to GitHub
25. CocoaPods • chocolat-cli converts Package.swift to a JSON Podspec
26. public func parse_package(packagePath: String) throws -> PackageDescription.Package { // FIXME: We depend on `chswift` installation and use here let toolchainPath = PathKit.Path(POSIX.getenv("CHSWIFT_TOOLCHAIN") ?? "") libc.setenv("SPM_INSTALL_PATH", toolchainPath.parent().description, 1) print_if("Using libPath \(Resources.runtimeLibPath)", false) let package = (try Manifest(path: packagePath)).package print_if("Converting package \(package.name) at \(packagePath)", false) return package }
27. Side-note about Linux
28. Foundation is incomplete and sometimes different from OS X: #if os(Linux) let index = p.startIndex.distanceTo(p.startIndex.successor()) path = NSString(string: p).substringFromIndex(index) #else path = p.substringFromIndex(p.startIndex.successor()) #endif
29. Some things in the standard library might not be available: #if _runtime(_ObjC) // Excluded due to use of dynamic casting and Builtin.autorelease, neither // of which correctly work without the ObjC Runtime right now. // See rdar://problem/18801510 [...] public func getVaList(args: [CVarArgType]) -> CVaListPointer {
30. OS X libc and Glibc can differ: let flags = GLOB_TILDE | GLOB_BRACE | GLOB_MARK if system_glob(cPattern, flags, nil, &gt) == 0 { #if os(Linux) let matchc = gt.gl_pathc #else let matchc = gt.gl_matchc #endif
31. And other random fun: ./.build/debug/spectre-build /usr/bin/ld: .build/debug/Clock.a(ISO8601Parser.swift.o): undefined reference to symbol '_swift_FORCE_LOAD_$_swiftGlibc' /home/travis/.swiftenv/versions/swift-2.2-SNAPSHOT-2015-12-22-a/ usr/lib/swift/linux/libswiftGlibc.so: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
32. Integrate system libraries • Empty Package.swift • module.modulemap: module curl [system] { header "/usr/include/curl/curl.h" link "curl" export * }
33. let package = Package( name: "example", dependencies: [ .Package(url: "https://github.com/neonichu/curl", majorVersion: 1) ] )
34. How does it work?
35. Modules inside SwiftPackageManager • OS abstractions: libc, POSIX, sys • Package: PackageDescription • Manifest: dep • Downloading code: swift-get • Building code: swift-build
36. Dependencies • Can be local or remote Git repositories • Need to be tagged • Will be fetched to ./Packages/MyPackage-0.0.1
37. Rough build process • PackageDescription generates TOML • dep parses the TOML and can generate YAML • Dependencies are fetched by swift-get • YAML is used as input to llbuild • swift-build calls out to llbuild
38. llbuild
39. $ cat .build/debug/Clock.o/llbuild.yaml client: name: swift-build tools: {} targets: "": [<Clock>] Clock: [<Clock>]
40. commands: <Clock-swiftc>: tool: swift-compiler executable: "/usr/bin/swiftc" inputs: ["ISO8601Parser.swift","ISO8601Writer.swift"] outputs: ["<Clock-swiftc>","Clock.swiftmodule", "ISO8601Parser.swift.o","ISO8601Writer.swift.o"] module-name: "Clock" module-output-path: "Clock.swiftmodule" is-library: true sources: ["ISO8601Parser.swift","ISO8601Writer.swift"] objects: ["ISO8601Parser.swift.o","ISO8601Writer.swift.o"] import-paths: ["/Users/boris/Projects/Clock/.build/debug"] temps-path: "/Users/boris/Projects/Clock/.build/debug/Clock.o/Clock" other-args: ["-j8","-Onone","-g","-target","x86_64-apple-macosx10.10", "-enable-testing","-sdk", "/.../Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk","-I","/usr/local/include"]
41. <Clock>: tool: shell inputs: ["<Clock-swiftc>","ISO8601Parser.swift.o","ISO8601Writer.swift.o"] outputs: ["<Clock>","Clock.a"] args: ["/bin/sh","-c","rm -f 'Clock.a'; ar cr 'Clock.a' 'ISO8601Parser.swift.o' 'ISO8601Writer.swift.o'"] description: "Linking Library: .build/debug/Clock.a"
42. Additional Package.swift syntax
43. Targets import PackageDescription let package = Package( name: "Example", targets: [ Target( name: "top", dependencies: [.Target(name: "bottom")]), Target( name: "bottom") ] )
44. Exclusion let package = Package( name: "Example", exclude: ["tools", "docs", "Sources/libA/images"] )
45. Test dependencies import PackageDescription let package = Package( name: "Hello", testDependencies: [ .Package(url: "ssh://git@example.com/Tester.git", versions: Version(1,0,0)..<Version(2,0,0)), ] )
46. Customizing builds import PackageDescription var package = Package() #if os(Linux) let target = Target(name: "LinuxSources/foo") package.targets.append(target) #endif
47. Comparison with related tools
48. CocoaPods • Centralized discovery • Xcode integration • Support for other languages • Additional metadata in the Manifest • Does not cover the build process
49. Carthage • No manifest for packages • Xcode integration • Support for other languages
50. Support all three • Package.swift • .podspec • .xcodeproj / .xcworkspace
51. !
52. You should think of it as an alpha code base that hasn't had a release yet. Yes, it is useful for doing some things [...] — Daniel Dunbar
53. References • https://swift.org • https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager • https://github.com/apple/llbuild • https://github.com/neonichu/chocolat • https://github.com/neonichu/chswift • https://github.com/neonichu/freedom • https://github.com/kylef/spectre-build
54. Thank you!
55. @NeoNacho boris@contentful.com http://buegling.com/talks