Architecture

Transcript

1. Art  in  the  3rd  Dimension:    
   Architecture  
   Reading:  
   Ar,orms,  189-­‐205  
    
   Terms/Concepts:  
   func;on,  form,  structure,  
   compression,  stretching,  
   bending,  post  and  beam,  arch,  
   keystone,  arcade,  vault,  barrel  
   vault,  groin  vault,  dome,  
   squinch,  penden;ve,  buEress,  
   pier  buEress,  flying  buEress,  
   coffer.  
   

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2. Media  Lab  
   •  Friday  February  15  11:00-­‐3:00  Auraria  Library  206  
   •  Tuesday  February  19  2:00-­‐5:30  Auraria  Library  205  
    
   Materials  available:  oil  pastel,  chalk  pastel,  pen  &  ink,  
   pencil,  colored  pencil,  charcoal,  watercolor,  oil  paint,  
   and  acrylic  paint.  
   

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3. Quiz  #2  is  due  NEXT  TUESDAY  February  19th.  
    
   Media  Experimenta;on  is  due  Thursday  
   February  21st.  
    
   Your  Midterm  is  on  Thursday  February  28th.    
   Study  guide  will  be  released  this  Thursday  
   Reminders  
   

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4. Auguste  Rodin,  Burghers  of  Calais,  1889,  
   Victoria  Tower  Gardens,  London.    
   

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5. Space  
   

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6. Space  
   

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7. Space  
   

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8. Space  
   

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9. Space  
   

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10. Architecture:  Art  and  Science  
    “As  an  art,  architecture  both  creates  interior  
    spaces  and  wraps  them  in  an  expressive  shape.”  
     
    “As  a  science,  architecture  is  a  physical  problem:  
    How  does  a  structure  hold  up  its  own  weight  
    and  loads  placed  on  it”  
     
       -­‐-­‐Patrick  Frank,  Ar,orms,  189.  
    

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11. Key  Issue  for  Every  Building  
    1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.  
    2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.  
    3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  
    

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12. Key  Issue  for  Every  Building  
    1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.  
    2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.  
    3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  
    

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13. Forces  a  Structure  Works  with  
    1.  Compression  ()  
    2.  Tension  (  )  
    3.  Bending  ()  
    

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14. Forces  a  Structure  Works  with  
    1.  Compression  ()  
    2.  Tension  (  )  
    3.  Bending  ()  
    

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15. Forces  a  Structure  Works  with  
    1.  Compression  ()  
    2.  Tension  (  )  
    3.  Bending  ()  
    

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16. Structures:  Post  and  Beam  
    (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)  
    Beam  (or  Lintel)  
    Post   Post  
    Example:  Stonehenge,  Salisbury,  
    England,  c.  2500  BCE  
    Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  
    

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17. Structures:  Post  and  Beam  
    (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)  
    Beam  (or  Lintel)  
    Post   Post  
    Example:  Temple  of  Poseidon,  
    Athens,  c.  430  BCE    
    Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  
    

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18. Structures:  Post  and  Beam  
    (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)  
    Beam  (or  Lintel)  
    Post   Post  
    Example:  Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Ennis  
    House,  Los  Angeles,  1924.    
    Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  
    

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19. Structures:  Arches  
    Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Byzan;ne  Cathedral,  Jerada,  
    Syria,  5th  century  CE  
    

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20. Structures:  Arches  
    Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Great  Mosque  at  Cordoba,  
    Spain,  10th  century  CE  
    

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21. Structures:  Arches  
    Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Triumphal  Arch  of  Trajan,  
    Benevento,  Italy,  c.  98-­‐117  CE.  
    

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22. Structures:  Arches  
    Arcade:  Weight  Distribu;on  
    

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23. Structures:  Arches  
    Arcade  Example:  Pont  du  Gard  (Aqueduct),  France,  c.  1st  
    century  CE    
    

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24. Structures:  Vaults  
    Barrel  Vault   Groin  Vault  
    

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25. Structures:  Vaults  
    Barrel  Vault   Barrell  Vault  Example:  
    Arena  Chapel,  Padua,  Italy,  
    1303  CE    
    

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26. Structures:  Vaults  
    Groin  Vault  
    Palazzo  della  Ragione,  
    Venice,  Italy,  16th  
    century  
    

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27. Structures:  Domes  
    Dome  on  Squinches   Dome  on  Penden;ves   Dome  on  a  cylinder  
    

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28. Structures:  Domes  
    Dome  on  Squinches   Example:  Alai  Gate,  New  Delhi,  India,  1311.  
    

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29. Structures:  Domes  
    Dome  on  Penden;ves   Example:  Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  
    Turkey,  563  CE.  
    

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30. Structures:  Domes  
    Dome  on  a  Cylinder   Example:  Dome  of  the  Rock,  Jerusalem,  693  
    CE  
    

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31. Structures:  BuEresses  
    Pier  BuEress   Flying  BuEress  
    

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32. Structures:  BuEresses  
    Pier  BuEress   Example:  
    Westminster  Abbey,  
    London,  c.  1245.    
    

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33. Structures:  BuEresses  
    Flying  BuEress  
    Example:  Cathedral  de  Notre  
    Dame,  Paris,    1163-­‐1345  CE.  
    

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34. Structures:  Suspension  
    Suspension  Structure   Example:  Jeppesen  Terminal  Building,  
    Denver  Interna;onal  Airport,  1994  
    

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35. Structures:  Shell  
    Shell  Structure   Example:  Jørn  Utzon,  Sydney  Opera  
    House,  Sydney,  Australia,  1957-­‐1973.  
    

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36. Materials  Innova;ons:  Stones  
    Inca  Stonework  (no  mortar),  
    Cuzco,  c.    13th  century  CE  
    Stonewall  with  Mortar  
    

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37. Material  Innova;ons:  Concrete  
    Concrete   Example:  Pantheon,  Rome,  126  
    CE    
    

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38. Material  Innova;ons:  Cast  Iron  
    Cast  Iron   Example:  Joseph  Paxton,  
    Crystal  Palace,  London,  
    1850-­‐1851.  
    

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39. Material  Innova;ons:  Steel  
    Steel  Beams   Example:  Ludwig  Mies  van  der  Rohe,    
    New  York,  1956-­‐1958  
    

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40. Key  Issue  for  Every  Building  
    1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.  
    2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.  
    3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  
    

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41. Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact  
         with  its  environment?  
    Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Fallingwater  (The  Edgar  Kaufmann  Residence),  Bear  
    Run  Pennsylvania,  1936.  
    

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42. Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact  
         with  its  environment?  
    Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Fallingwater  (The  Edgar  Kaufmann  Residence),  Bear  Run  
    Pennsylvania,  1936.  
    

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43. Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact  
         with  its  environment?  
    Johnson  Wax  Building,  Racine,  Wisconsin,  1936.  
    

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44. Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact  
         with  its  environment?  
    Johnson  Wax  Building,  Racine,  Wisconsin,  1936.  
    

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45. Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  fit  into  or  interact  
       with  the  space?  
    Human  
    Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.  
    

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46. Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  interact  with  or  form  
       the  space?  
    Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.  
    Agia  Dynami,  Athens,  Greece,  c.  15th  
    century  CE  
    

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47. Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  interact  with  or  form  
       the  space?  
    Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.   Agia  Dynami,  Athens,  Greece,  c.  15th  
    century  CE  
    

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48. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    The  Roman  Basilica  
    

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49. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    The  Roman  Basilica,  a  reconstruc;on  of  Trajan’s  Basilica  Ulpia,  c.    
    

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50. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    The  Roman  Basilica,  a  reconstruc;on  of  Trajan’s  
    Basilica  Ulpia,  c.    
    

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51. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    The  Chris;an  Basilica.    
    

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52. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    The  Chris;an  Basilica,  Aula  PalaKna,  
    built  3rd  century  by  Constan;us  
    Chlorus,  converted  to  a  church  in  
    the  late  4th  century  
    

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53. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.  
    

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54. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    Frank  Gehry,  Disney  Concert  Hall,  Los  Angeles,  2003.  
    

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55. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Guggenheim  Museum,  New  York,  1959.  
    

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56. Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the    
       prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the    
       building?  
    Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Guggenheim  Museum,  New  York,  1959.  
    

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57. Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in    
       other  media?  
    Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      
    

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58. Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in    
       other  media?  
    Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      
    

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59. Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in    
       other  media?  
    Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      
    

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60. Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in    
       other  media?  
    William  van  Alen,  Chrysler  Building,  New  York  City,  1928-­‐1930.  
    

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61. Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in    
       other  media?  
    Lawren  Harris,  Landscape,  1929.  
    

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