Art of the Ancient Near East: Assyrians to Achaemenid Persians

Transcript

1. Art  of  the  Ancient  Near  East   Reading   Stokstad,  39-­‐47     Range:   c.  1500-­‐330  BCE   Assyrian  |  Neo-­‐Babylonian  |   Achaemenid  Persian     Terms/Concepts:   Mesopotamia,  Apadana,  HieraAc   Scale,  Lamassu,  Bent  Axis,   Tribute,  Bas  Relief,     Monument  List     2-­‐17,  Assurnasirpal  II  Killing   Lions,  Assyrian,  875-­‐860  BCE.     2-­‐18,  ReconstrucAon  of  the   Citadel  and  Palace  Complex  of   Sargon  the  II,  Dur  Sharrukin,   Assyrian,  721-­‐706  BCE     2-­‐19,  Lamassu  Figures  at  Gate   A  of  the  Citadel  of  Sargon  II,   721-­‐706  BCE     2-­‐22,    Ishtar  Gate,  Neo-­‐ Babylonian,  6th  Century  BCE     2-­‐25,  Darius  and  Xerxes   Receiving  Tribute,   Achaemenid  Persian,  491-­‐486   BCE  
2. Gate  A   Throne  Room   90°   Bent-­‐Axis  
9. “I  flayed  as  many  nobles  as  had  rebelled  against  me   [and]  draped  their  skins  over  the  pile  [of  corpses];   some  I  spread  out  within  the  pile,  some  I  erected   on  stakes  upon  the  pile  ...  I  flayed  many  right   through  my  land  [and]  draped  their  skins  over  the   walls.”  -­‐-­‐Ashurnasirpal  
10. “I  captured  soldiers  alive  [and]   erected  [them]  on  stakes  before   their  ciAes.”  –Shalmaneser  III  
16. Dying  Lioness,  from  the  palace  of  Ashurbanipal,   Nineveh,  c.  647  BCE.  
17. Pg.  41,  Enemies  Crossing  the  Euphrates  to  Escape  Assyrian   Archers,  from  the  Palace  of  Assurnasirpal  II,  Kalhu  (Nimrud),   Iraq,  875-­‐860  BCE.  
22. Hanging  Gardens   of  Babylon  
32. CriAcal  Thinking  QuesAons   1.  How  are  animals  used  to  convey  power  and   powerlessness  in  Near  Eastern  art?   2.  How  does  the  art/architecture  of  Assyrian  palaces   differ  from  the  Apadana  in  Persepolis?    What  does   this  say  about  their  respecAve  cultures.   3.  What  is  the  funcAon  of  the  ziggurat  in  ancient  Near   Eastern  religion?   4.  What  kind  of  image  do  the  kings  of  the  Near  Eastern   world  culAvate?    Think  of  both  their  physical   representaAons  and  the  representaAons  of  their  lives.   5.  What  are  some  common  arAsAc  themes  that  link  the   art  of  the  Near  Eastern  cultures?