DESMO-LD decentralized oracle for IoT

Slides presented at the ONTOCHAIN Summit for Trustworthy Internet by Lorenzo Gigli, Software Architect at VAIMEE

Transcript

1. CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE Click to add subtitle Location Date DESMO-LD A decentralized oracle solution for the Internet of Things Berlin 02/06/2022
2. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 2 WHO WE ARE Innovative start-up focused on data interoperability and modular applications. We believe in the value of self-describing data, semantic technologies and the open source. Target domains include smart farming, industrial IoT, structural health monitoring, environmental monitoring. My name is Lorenzo Gigli. I'm a Software Architect at VAIMEE and a researcher for the University of Bologna.
3. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 3 BACKGROUND The Internet of Things is thriving, we are seeing the emergence of different dedicated solutions and protocols tailored to one or more application domains. This uncontrollable growth of software products and platforms has led to an interoperability problem. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with its Working Group for the Web of Things is tackling the very same problem. The Web of Things standard does not define a new protocol/APIs, on the contrary, it choses a descriptive approach.
4. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU BACKGROUND - WOT A Web Thing (WT) is the abstraction of a physical or virtual entity (e.g., a device or a room) and is described by standardized metadata: the Thing Description (TD). A Thing Description Directory (TDD) is a service that provide a search mechanism for collections of WoT Thing Descriptions that can be dynamically registered by Things or entities acting on their behalf.
5. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 5 DESMO-LD The DESMO-LD project aims to provide a fully integrated distributed solution for consuming IoT external data, enriched with Web of Things semantics and data model, inside the ONTOCHAIN. This addresses the call's objectives of designing new trustful decentralized Oracles to poll semantic data from off-chain decentralized data sources.
6. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 6 DESMO-LD - ARCHITECTURE
7. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 7 DESMO-LD – ARCHITECTURE – ON CHAIN • Client It can be a smart contract, a DApp, etc. • DESMO-LD Hub Contract A registry for TDDs that supports multiple “basic” operations such as registration, unregistration, retrieval, listing, ban, etc. It is also responsible for selecting the TDDs to participate in a new request and keeping track of their reputation over time. • DESMO-LD Contract The entry-point of our system: exposes an API for retrieving data from devices and triggering actions. This contract also manages the distribution of the token among the various actors in the protocol.
8. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 8 DESMO-LD – ARCHITECTURE – OFF CHAIN • Oracle DApp It’s an iExec decentralized application written in Node.js. It's in charge of parsing and translating the on-chain requests, collecting the results from the selected TDDs, retrieving and validating the WTs responses, and returning the result to the DESMO-LD Contract on-chain. • WoT TDD The main search engine for IoT devices outside the chain. It stores the TDs of the registered WTs and provide a set of APIs for CRUD and search operations. Device owners or third parties may deploy their own TDDs and join the distributed network of Desmo-LD. ◦ W3C compliant API * ◦ Registering in the DESMO-LD Hub * ◦ Support the DESMO-LD advanced geo-spatial API
9. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 9 DESMO-LD – DATA LIFECYCLE
10. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 10 DESMO-LD – TOKEN DESMO-LD will use an ERC-20 token to allocate resources in the network. • TDDs (Earn) TDDs are our data/device provider in DESMO-LD network that stake tokens in order to provide join the system. TDDs earn query fees and rewards for their services. The registering tax is used for disincentivize poor decision making that could harm the integrity of the network. • DESMO Pool (Earn) A portion of query fees contributed to the DESMO Pool. This pool will be used in the future to implement extra features and extra reward mechanisms for TDDs and other actors. • DApp nodes (Earn) • Clients (Pay) They pay query fees for the requests. Clients are likely to be developers or projects themselves that cover query fees for their applications.
11. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 11 DESMO-LD – USE CASE Next generation blockchain application will need to access and interact with IoT actors and data sources in time. DESMO-LD will satisfy these needs. • Smart-grid energy sharing: Automatic energy sharing in local communities using IoT data. • EVs distributed platform: building a fully decentralized electric vehicle sharing platform needs IoT oracles for accessing vehicle data and to unlock/lock them. • Automatic insurances: Contracts can represent microinsurance when physical events or criteria are met.
12. | ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU 12 DESMO-LD – PROJECT STATUS Today 1. DApp deployed 2. DESMO-LD Hub (deployed on Rinkeby) 3. Mock up frontend 4. Token economics (draft) July 2022 DESMO-LD Contract Early September Thing Description Directory with advanced features September Final deployment August 2022 Frontend application for DESMO-LD Hub Contract and DESMO-LD Contract June 2022 Thing Description Directory W3C compliant
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