DESMO-LD decentralized oracle for IoT

Slides presented at the ONTOCHAIN Summit for Trustworthy Internet by Lorenzo Gigli, Software Architect at VAIMEE

Transcript

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   Location
   Date
   DESMO-LD
   A decentralized oracle
   solution for the Internet
   of Things
   Berlin
   02/06/2022
   

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   WHO WE ARE
   Innovative start-up focused on
   data interoperability and modular applications.
   We believe in the value of self-describing data,
   semantic technologies and the open source.
   Target domains include smart farming,
   industrial IoT, structural health monitoring,
   environmental monitoring.
   My name is Lorenzo Gigli.
   I'm a Software Architect at VAIMEE and a
   researcher for the University of Bologna.
   

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   BACKGROUND
   The Internet of Things is thriving, we are seeing the emergence of different
   dedicated solutions and protocols tailored to one or more application domains.
   This uncontrollable growth of software products and platforms has
   led to an interoperability problem.
   The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with its Working Group for the
   Web of Things is tackling the very same problem.
   The Web of Things standard does not define a new protocol/APIs, on the contrary,
   it choses a descriptive approach.
   

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   BACKGROUND - WOT
   A Web Thing (WT) is the abstraction of a
   physical or virtual entity (e.g., a device or
   a room) and is described by standardized
   metadata: the Thing Description (TD).
   A Thing Description Directory (TDD) is a
   service that provide a search mechanism
   for collections of WoT Thing Descriptions
   that can be dynamically registered by
   Things or entities acting on their behalf.
   

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   DESMO-LD
   The DESMO-LD project aims to provide a fully integrated distributed solution for
   consuming IoT external data, enriched with Web of Things semantics and data
   model, inside the ONTOCHAIN.
   This addresses the call's objectives of designing new trustful decentralized Oracles
   to poll semantic data from off-chain decentralized data sources.
   

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   DESMO-LD - ARCHITECTURE
   

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   DESMO-LD – ARCHITECTURE – ON CHAIN
   ● Client
   It can be a smart contract, a DApp, etc.
   ● DESMO-LD Hub Contract
   A registry for TDDs that supports multiple “basic” operations
   such as registration, unregistration, retrieval, listing, ban, etc.
   It is also responsible for selecting the TDDs to participate in a
   new request and keeping track of their reputation over time.
   ● DESMO-LD Contract
   The entry-point of our system: exposes an
   API for retrieving data from devices and triggering actions.
   This contract also manages the distribution of the token
   among the various actors in the protocol.
   

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   DESMO-LD – ARCHITECTURE – OFF CHAIN
   ● Oracle DApp
   It’s an iExec decentralized application written in Node.js.
   It's in charge of parsing and translating the on-chain requests,
   collecting the results from the selected TDDs, retrieving and
   validating the WTs responses, and returning the result to the
   DESMO-LD Contract on-chain.
   ● WoT TDD
   The main search engine for IoT devices outside the chain.
   It stores the TDs of the registered WTs and provide a set of APIs
   for CRUD and search operations.
   Device owners or third parties may deploy their own TDDs and
   join the distributed network of Desmo-LD.
   ○ W3C compliant API *
   ○ Registering in the DESMO-LD Hub *
   ○ Support the DESMO-LD advanced geo-spatial API
   

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   DESMO-LD – DATA LIFECYCLE
   

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    DESMO-LD – TOKEN
    DESMO-LD will use an ERC-20 token to allocate resources in the network.
    ● TDDs (Earn)
    TDDs are our data/device provider in DESMO-LD network that stake tokens in order to provide join
    the system. TDDs earn query fees and rewards for their services. The registering tax is used for
    disincentivize poor decision making that could harm the integrity of the network.
    ● DESMO Pool (Earn)
    A portion of query fees contributed to the DESMO Pool. This pool will be used in the future to
    implement extra features and extra reward mechanisms for TDDs and other actors.
    ● DApp nodes (Earn)
    ● Clients (Pay)
    They pay query fees for the requests. Clients are likely to be developers or projects themselves that
    cover query fees for their applications.
    

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    DESMO-LD – USE CASE
    Next generation blockchain application will need to access and interact with IoT
    actors and data sources in time. DESMO-LD will satisfy these needs.
    ● Smart-grid energy sharing: Automatic energy sharing in local communities
    using IoT data.
    ● EVs distributed platform: building a fully decentralized electric vehicle sharing
    platform needs IoT oracles for accessing vehicle data and to unlock/lock them.
    ● Automatic insurances: Contracts can represent microinsurance when physical
    events or criteria are met.
    

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    DESMO-LD – PROJECT STATUS
    Today
    1. DApp deployed
    2. DESMO-LD Hub
    (deployed on Rinkeby)
    3. Mock up frontend
    4. Token economics
    (draft)
    July 2022
    DESMO-LD Contract
    Early September
    Thing Description Directory
    with advanced features
    September
    Final deployment
    August 2022
    Frontend application for
    DESMO-LD Hub Contract and
    DESMO-LD Contract
    June 2022
    Thing Description Directory
    W3C compliant
    

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    are built
    together!
    

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