Integração de gems com o Rails

Transcript

1. 1.

   Railties INTEGRANDO GEMS COM O RAILS

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   @cantoniodasilva Carlos Antonio

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   None
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   Devise maintainer

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   SimpleForm maintainer

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   Responders maintainer

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   Rails commiter

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   guru SC

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   Railties INTEGRANDO GEMS COM O RAILS

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    The Road So Far...

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    Rails 2.3

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    Plugins! vendor/plugins

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    script/plugin install git://github.com/SomeGuy/ my_awesome_plugin.git

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    Engines! app/*

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    App Engine

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    module Rails class Plugin # Engines are plugins with an

    app/ directory. def engine? has_app_directory? end private def has_app_directory? File.directory?(File.join(directory, 'app')) end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
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    module Rails class Plugin # Engines are plugins with an

    app/ directory. def engine? has_app_directory? end private def has_app_directory? File.directory?(File.join(directory, 'app')) end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb # Engines are plugins with an app/ directory. def engine? has_app_directory? end private def has_app_directory? File.directory?(File.join(directory, 'app')) end
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    None
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    app/ models controllers helpers config/ routes.rb

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    module Rails class Plugin def view_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'views') end

    def controller_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'controllers') end def routing_file File.join(directory, 'config', 'routes.rb') end private def app_paths [ File.join(directory, 'app', 'models'), File.join(directory, 'app', 'helpers'), controller_path, metal_path ] end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
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    module Rails class Plugin def view_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'views') end

    def controller_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'controllers') end def routing_file File.join(directory, 'config', 'routes.rb') end private def app_paths [ File.join(directory, 'app', 'models'), File.join(directory, 'app', 'helpers'), controller_path, metal_path ] end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb def view_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'views') end def controller_path File.join(directory, 'app', 'controllers') end def routing_file File.join(directory, 'config', 'routes.rb') end private def app_paths [ File.join(directory, 'app', 'models'), File.join(directory, 'app', 'helpers'), controller_path, metal_path ] end
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    Rails Active Record

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    module Rails class Initializer def load_observers if gems_dependencies_loaded && configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)

    ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers end end def initialize_database if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record) ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = configuration.database_configuration ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection end end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/initializer.rb
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    module Rails class Initializer def load_observers if gems_dependencies_loaded && configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)

    ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers end end def initialize_database if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record) ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = configuration.database_configuration ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection end end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/initializer.rb if gems_dependencies_loaded && configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record) ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers end if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record) ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = configuration.database_configuration ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection end
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    module Rails class Initializer private def default_frameworks [ :active_record, :action_controller,

    :action_view, :action_mailer, :active_resource ] end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/initializer.rb
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    module Rails class Initializer private def default_frameworks [ :active_record, :action_controller,

    :action_view, :action_mailer, :active_resource ] end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/initializer.rb def default_frameworks [ :active_record, :action_controller, :action_view, :action_mailer, :active_resource ] end
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    ORMs

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    ORMs Sequel MongoMapper DataMapper Mongoid

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    Frágil

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    monkey Patch

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    module Rails class Initializer def process Rails.configuration = configuration check_ruby_version

    install_gem_spec_stubs set_load_path add_gem_load_paths require_frameworks set_autoload_paths add_plugin_load_paths load_environment preload_frameworks initialize_encoding initialize_database initialize_cache initialize_framework_caches initialize_logger initialize_framework_logging initialize_dependency_mechanism initialize_whiny_nils initialize_time_zone initialize_i18n initialize_framework_settings initialize_framework_views initialize_metal add_support_load_paths check_for_unbuilt_gems load_gems load_plugins https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2-3-stable/railties/lib/initializer.rb # pick up any gems that plugins depend on add_gem_load_paths load_gems check_gem_dependencies # bail out if gems are missing - note that check_gem_dependencies # will have already called abort() unless $gems_rake_task is set return unless gems_dependencies_loaded load_application_initializers # the framework is now fully initialized after_initialize # Setup database middleware after initializers have run initialize_database_middleware # Prepare dispatcher callbacks and run 'prepare' callbacks prepare_dispatcher # Routing must be initialized after plugins to allow the former to # extend the routes initialize_routing # Observers are loaded after plugins in case Observers or observed # models are modified by plugins. load_observers # Load view path cache load_view_paths # Load application classes load_application_classes # Disable dependency loading during request cycle disable_dependency_loading # Flag initialized Rails.initialized = true end end end
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    Single Responsibility Principle

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    Single Responsibility Principle

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    Rails 3

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    Modularidade

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    Rails Active Record

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    Rails Active Record

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    Rails

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    Rails Action Controller Action Mailer Action View Active Record Active

    Resource
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    Rails

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    Rails DataMapper Devise RSpec Mongoid etc...

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    Hooks!

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    Rails:: Railtie

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    Configuração & Inicialização

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    Config

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    module Responders class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie config.responders = ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions.new config.responders.flash_keys

    = [ :notice, :alert ] # ... end end https://github.com/plataformatec/responders/blob/v0.9.2/lib/responders.rb Responders
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    module MyApp class Application < ::Rails::Application config.responders.flash_keys = [ :success,

    :failure ] end end
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    Initializers

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    module Responders class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie config.responders.flash_keys = [ :notice,

    :alert ] initializer "responders.flash_responder" do |app| Responders::FlashResponder.flash_keys = app.config.responders.flash_keys # ... end end end https://github.com/plataformatec/responders/blob/v0.9.2/lib/responders.rb Responders
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    module CarrierWave class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer "carrierwave.setup_paths" do CarrierWave.root

    = Rails.root.join(Rails.public_path).to_s # ... end end end https://github.com/jnicklas/carrierwave/blob/v0.6.2/lib/carrierwave.rb CarrierWave
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    Initializers + Hooks

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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.before_configuration { # Executa

    antes das configurações do usuário } end end
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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.before_initialize { # Depois

    da config do usuário, mas antes dos # initializers. } end end
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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.to_prepare { # cache_classes

    = false (development) # Roda toda vez antes de recarregar o ambiente. # cache_classes = true (production) # Roda antes da primeira requisição. } end end
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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.before_eager_load { # Antes

    de carregar todo o código da aplicação, # somente com cache_classes true. } end end
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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.after_initialize { # Após

    todos os demais (configs, initializers, etc), # uma única vez antes da primeira requisição. } end end
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    Development before_configuration => Booting WEBrick before_initialize to_prepare after_initialize [...] INFO

    WEBrick 1.3.1 to_prepare Request... to_prepare Request... to_prepare Production (cache_classes) before_configuration => Booting WEBrick before_initialize to_prepare before_eager_load after_initialize [...] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 Request... Request...
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    Development before_configuration => Booting WEBrick before_initialize to_prepare after_initialize [...] INFO

    WEBrick 1.3.1 to_prepare Request... to_prepare Request... to_prepare Production (cache_classes) before_configuration => Booting WEBrick before_initialize to_prepare before_eager_load after_initialize [...] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 Request... Request...
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    module ActiveRecord class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.after_initialize do ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record) do

    instantiate_observers ActionDispatch::Reloader.to_prepare do ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers end end end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb Active Record
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    module Rails module Mongoid class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer "instantiate

    observers" do config.after_initialize do ::Mongoid::instantiate_observers ActionDispatch::Reloader.to_prepare do ::Mongoid.instantiate_observers end end end end end end https://github.com/mongoid/mongoid/blob/3.0.0-stable/lib/mongoid/railtie.rb Mongoid
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    module Haml module Rails class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie config.before_initialize do

    Haml.init_rails(binding) Haml::Template.options[:format] = :html5 end end end end https://github.com/indirect/haml-rails/blob/v0.3.5/lib/haml-rails.rb Haml
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    Generators

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    simple_form lib generators simple_form install_generator.rb https://github.com/plataformatec/simple_form SimpleForm

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    simple_form lib generators simple_form install_generator.rb Namespace https://github.com/plataformatec/simple_form SimpleForm

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    simple_form lib generators simple_form install_generator.rb Namespace Generator https://github.com/plataformatec/simple_form SimpleForm

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    module SimpleForm module Generators class InstallGenerator < Rails::Generators::Base desc "Copy

    SimpleForm default files" source_root File.expand_path('../templates', __FILE__) def copy_config directory 'config' end def copy_scaffold_template # ... end end end end https://github.com/plataformatec/simple_form/blob/v2.0.2/lib/generators/simple_form/install_generator.rb SimpleForm
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    rails generate simple_form:install

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    Convenções

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    module MyGem class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie generators do require "my_gem/generators"

    end end end
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    Generators + Hooks

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    module ActiveRecord class Railtie < Rails::Railtie config.app_generators.orm :active_record, :migration =>

    true, :timestamps => true end end https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb Active Record
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    module Rails module Mongoid class Railtie < Rails::Railtie def self.generator

    config.respond_to?(:app_generators) ? :app_generators : :generators end config.send(generator).orm :mongoid, migration: false end end end https://github.com/mongoid/mongoid/blob/3.0.0-stable/lib/mongoid/railtie.rb Mongoid
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    module RSpec module Rails class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie generators =

    config.respond_to?(:app_generators) ? config.app_generators : config.generators generators.integration_tool :rspec generators.test_framework :rspec end end end https://github.com/rspec/rspec-rails/blob/v2.11.0/lib/rspec-rails.rb RSpec
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    module Responders class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie if config.respond_to?(:app_generators) config.app_generators.scaffold_controller =

    :responders_controller else config.generators.scaffold_controller = :responders_controller end end end https://github.com/plataformatec/responders/blob/v0.9.2/lib/responders.rb Responders
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    module Haml module Rails class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie if ::Rails.version.to_f

    >= 3.1 config.app_generators.template_engine :haml else config.generators.template_engine :haml end end end end https://github.com/indirect/haml-rails/blob/v0.3.5/lib/haml-rails.rb Haml
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    :assets => true :force_plural => false :helper => true :integration_tool

    => nil :javascripts => true :javascript_engine => :js :orm => false :performance_tool => nil :resource_controller => :controller :resource_route => true :scaffold_controller => :scaffold_controller :stylesheets => true :stylesheet_engine => :css :test_framework => false :template_engine => :erb https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/3-2-stable/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb
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    Console

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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie console do puts "Hello

    console!" end end end
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    module ActiveRecord class Railtie < Rails::Railtie console do |app| if

    app.sandbox? require "active_record/railties/console_sandbox" end ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(STDERR) end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb Active Record
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    module PryRails class Railtie < Rails::Railtie console do # ...

    código para carregar o Pry end end end https://github.com/rweng/pry-rails/blob/master/lib/pry-rails/railtie.rb Pry Rails
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    Rails 4 SPOILER

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    RAILS 4 https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/951b582

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    module PryRails class Railtie < Rails::Railtie console do if Rails::VERSION::MAJOR

    == 4 Rails.application.config.console = Pry end end end end https://github.com/rweng/pry-rails/blob/master/lib/pry-rails/railtie.rb Pry Rails
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    Rake Tasks

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    module RSpec module Rails class Railtie < ::Rails::Railtie rake_tasks do

    load "rspec/rails/tasks/rspec.rake" end end end end https://github.com/rspec/rspec-rails/blob/v2.11.0/lib/rspec-rails.rb RSpec
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    module ActiveRecord class Railtie < Rails::Railtie rake_tasks do load "active_record/railties/databases.rake"

    end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb Active Record
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    module Rails module Mongoid class Railtie < Rails::Railtie rake_tasks do

    load "mongoid/railties/database.rake" end end end end https://github.com/mongoid/mongoid/blob/3.0.0-stable/lib/mongoid/railtie.rb Mongoid
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    Framework Loading

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    module MyGem module SimpleFormExtensions def special_input(*) # ... end end

    end SimpleForm::FormBuilder.send( :include, MyGem::SimpleFormExtensions)
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    module MyGem module SimpleFormExtensions def special_input(*) # ... end end

    end SimpleForm::FormBuilder.send( :include, MyGem::SimpleFormExtensions)
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    module SimpleForm class FormBuilder end end ActiveSupport.run_load_hooks( :simple_form, SimpleForm::FormBuilder)

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    module MyGem module SimpleFormExtensions def special_input(*) # ... end end

    end ActiveSupport.on_load(:simple_form) do include MyGem::SimpleFormExtensions end
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    module ActiveRecord class Base end end ActiveSupport.run_load_hooks( :active_record, ActiveRecord::Base) https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb

    Active Record
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    module ActiveRecord class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer "active_record.initialize_timezone" do ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record)

    do self.time_zone_aware_attributes = true self.default_timezone = :utc end end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb Active Record
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    module MyGem module ActiveRecordExtensions end end ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record) do include MyGem::ActiveRecordExtensions

    end
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    ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record) do include MyGem::ActiveRecordExtensions end ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do include MyGem::ActionControllerExtensions end

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    Criar uma Railtie?

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    module MyGem class Railtie < Rails::Railtie end end

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    Você nem sempre precisa de uma Railtie!

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     Initializers Railtie: quando?

101. 101.

     rake tasks Railtie: quando?

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     Expor configs de sua gem Railtie: quando?

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     Extensões para o console Railtie: quando?

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     Generators em outro diretório Railtie: quando?

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     Alterar um generator default Railtie: quando?

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     Rails:: Engine

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     Engine < Railtie

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     Paths + Autoload

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     app/ * assets controllers helpers mailers models views

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     https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/tree/v2.1.2/app

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     config/ environments/ #{Rails.env}.rb initializers/*.rb locales/*.{rb,yml} routes.rb

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     https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/tree/v2.1.2/config

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     lib/ assets/* tasks/*.rake vendor/ assets/*

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     https://github.com/rails/jquery-rails/tree/v2.1.2/vendor/assets/javascripts

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     module MyGem class Railtie < ::Rails::Engine # Você pode alterar

     os paths padrão. paths.app.controllers << "lib/controllers" end end
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     Criar uma Engine?

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     module MyGem class Railtie < ::Rails::Engine end end

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     module Jquery module Rails class Engine < ::Rails::Engine end end

     end https://github.com/rails/jquery-rails/blob/v2.1.2/lib/jquery/rails/engine.rb Jquery Rails
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     module Devise class Engine < ::Rails::Engine config.devise = Devise #

     Force routes to be loaded if we are doing any # eager load. config.before_eager_load { |app| app.reload_routes! } initializer "devise.url_helpers" do Devise.include_helpers(Devise::Controllers) end initializer "devise.omniauth" do |app| # ... end # ... end end https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/blob/v2.1.2/lib/devise/rails.rb Devise
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     Quando eu preciso de uma Engine?

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     Rotas Railtie: quando?

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     Models Railtie: quando?

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     Controllers Railtie: quando?

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     Views Railtie: quando?

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     app/* Railtie: quando?

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     config/* Railtie: quando?

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     Rails:: Plugin

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     Plugin < Engine

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     rails plugin install

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     vendor/plugins

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     init.rb

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     Criar uma Plugin?

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     Você não cria :)

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     module Rails class Plugin < Engine def self.inherited(base) raise "You

     cannot inherit from Rails::Plugin" end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/3-2-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
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     module Rails class Plugin < Engine def self.inherited(base) raise "You

     cannot inherit from Rails::Plugin" end end end https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/3-2-stable/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb def self.inherited(base) raise "You cannot inherit from Rails::Plugin" end
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     Lembre-se: interno ao Rails :)

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     Quando eu preciso de um Plugin?

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     Você não precisa (não mais :)

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     Rails 4 SPOILER

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     RAILS 4 https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/dad7fdc

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     gems <3

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     Rails:: Application

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     Application < Engine

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     Start!

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     require config/boot.rb Rails boot

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     require railties + engines Rails boot

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     Define Rails.application Rails boot

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     Run before_configuration Rails boot

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     Load config/environment/ENV.rb Rails boot

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     Run before_initialize Rails boot

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     Initialize railties Rails boot

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     Configure railties Rails boot

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     Run railties#initializers Rails boot

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     Build middleware Rails boot

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     Run to_prepare Rails boot

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     Run before_eager_load Rails boot

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     Run after_initialize Rails boot

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     Booted!

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     Criar uma Application?

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     rails new my_app

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     module MyApp class Application < Rails::Application end end

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     >> require 'rails/all' => true >> class MyApp < Rails::Application;

     end => nil >> Rails.application => #<MyApp:0x007f99b98c8728 @initialized=false ... > >> class OtherApp < Rails::Application; end RuntimeError: You cannot have more than one Rails::Application
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     Single Responsibility Principle

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     Win!

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     Criando uma gem

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     Bundler

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     $ bundle gem rsonrails create rsonrails/Gemfile create rsonrails/Rakefile create rsonrails/LICENSE.txt

     create rsonrails/README.md create rsonrails/.gitignore create rsonrails/rsonrails.gemspec create rsonrails/lib/rsonrails.rb create rsonrails/lib/rsonrails/version.rb Initializating git repo in /Users/carlos/rsonrails bundle gem
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     Copyright (c) 2012 Carlos Antonio da Silva MIT License Permission

     is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining... License
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     # Rsonrails TODO: Write a gem description ## Installation Add

     this line to your application's Gemfile: gem 'rsonrails' ... ## Usage ... ## Contributing ... Readme
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     source 'https://rubygems.org' # Specify your gem's dependencies in rsonrails.gemspec gemspec

     Gemfile
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     # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*- lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__) $LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib)

     unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib) require 'rsonrails/version' Gem::Specification.new do |gem| gem.name = "rsonrails" gem.version = Rsonrails::VERSION gem.authors = ["Carlos Antonio da Silva"] gem.email = ["carlosantoniodasilva@gmail.com"] gem.description = %q{TODO: Write a gem description} gem.summary = %q{TODO: Write a gem summary} gem.homepage = "" gem.files = `git ls-files`.split($/) gem.executables = gem.files.grep(%r{^bin/}).map{ |f| File.basename(f) } gem.test_files = gem.files.grep(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) gem.require_paths = ["lib"] end rsonrails.gemspec
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     require "rsonrails/version" module Rsonrails # Your code goes here... end

     lib/rsonrails.rb
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     module Rsonrails VERSION = "0.0.1" end lib/rsonrails/version.rb

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     Railtie?

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     module Rsonrails class Railtie < Rails::Railtie # config.rsonrails = ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions.new

     # rake_tasks {} # config.to_prepare {} # initializer {} end end lib/rsonrails.rb
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     module Rsonrails class Railtie < Rails::Railtie # config.rsonrails = ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions.new

     # rake_tasks {} # config.to_prepare {} # initializer {} end end require "rsonrails/version" require "rsonrails/railtie" module Rsonrails # Your code goes here... end lib/rsonrails/railtie.rb lib/rsonrails.rb
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     ! Rails?

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     require "rsonrails/version" if defined?(Rails) require "rsonrails/railtie" end module Rsonrails #

     Your code goes here... end lib/rsonrails.rb
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     require "bundler/gem_tasks" Rakefile

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     $ rake -T rake build # Build rsonrails-0.0.1.gem into the

     pkg directory rake install # Build and install rsonrails-0.0.1.gem into system gems rake release # Create tag v0.0.1 and build and push rsonrails-0.0.1.gem to Rubygems rake tasks
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     Bundler

182. 182.

     Bundler <3 <3 <3

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     None
184. 184.

     Railtie Engine Application

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     None
186. 186.

     plataformatec/ simple_form

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     plataformatec/ responders

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     plataformatec/ devise

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     rails/rails/ **/*railtie.rb

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     http://pragprog.com/book/jvrails/crafting-rails-applications

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     WITH GREAT MOUSTACHE COMES GREAT RESPONSIBILITY

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     Estamos contratando! plataformatec.com.br

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     None
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     INTEGRANDO GEMS COM O RAILS @cantoniodasilva Obrigado!