THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

WHAT THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS?

Transcript

1. THE NERVOUS SISTEM THE NERVOUS SISTEM
2. The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body. of the body. NERVES AND CELLS SPINAL CORDS BRAIN
3. NERVOUS SISTEM TYPES CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BRAIN SPINAL CORD SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
4. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF THE BRAIN • - THE BRAIN STEM • - THE CEREBRUM • - THE CEREBELLUM • - THE DIENCEPHALON • - THE DIENCEPHALON
5. There are two types of matter in the brain: • -GREY MATTER: receive and stores impulses • WHITE MATTER: carries impulses to and from grey grey It consist of the nerve fibers( axons)
6. 1- THE BRAIN STEM • The brain stem also is known as the Medulla oblongata. It is located between the pons and spinal cord and is only about one inch long.
7. 2. THE CEREBRUM • The cerebrum forms the bulk of the brain and is supported on the brain stem. The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres. • Each hemisphere controls the activities of the • Each hemisphere controls the activities of the side of the body opposite that the other hemisphere.
8. • The hemispheres are further divides in the four lobes
9. 3. THE CEREBELLUM • This is located behind and bellow the cerebrum. • The cerebellum receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain. REGULATES MOTOR MOVEMENTS • BALANCE, COORDINATION, SPEECH, MUSCULAR ACTIVITY
10. 4. THE DIENCEPHALON • The diencephalon is also known as the fore brain stem. It includes the thalamus epithalamus and hypothalamus. The thalamus is where sensory and other impulses go and is where sensory and other impulses go and coalesce.
11. 5. THE SPINAL CORD • The spinal cord is along tube like structure which extends from the brain. • The spinal cord is composed of a series of 31 segments. segments. • A pair of spinal nerves comes out of each segment. • The region of the spinal cord from which a pair of spinal nerves originates is called the spinal segment.
13. 6. NEURONS • The neuron is the basic unit in the nervous system. It is a specialized conductor cell that receives and transmits electrochemical nerve impulses. impulses. • PARTS OF THE NEURON: THE CELL BODY DENDRITES AXON
14. • CELL BODY OF A NEURON The cell body is like any other cell with a nucleus or control center. • DENDRITES The cell body has a extention that appears like cable The cell body has a extention that appears like cable called dendrites Motor neurons have multiple thick dendrites. The dendrite's function is to carry a nerve impulse into the cell body.
15. • Axon • An axon is a long, thin process that carries impulses away from the cell body to another neuron or tissue. There is usually only one neuron or tissue. There is usually only one axon per neuron.
16. • Myelin Sheath The neuron is covered with the Myelin Sheath or Schwann Cells. These are white segmented covering around axons and dendrites of many covering around axons and dendrites of many peripheral neurons. Its function is to allow damaged nerves to regenerate. Nerves in the brain and spinal cord cannot recover when damaged.
17. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SISTEM • Somatic nervous system The somatic nervous system consists of peripheral nerve fibers that pick up sensory information or sensations from the peripheral information or sensations from the peripheral or distant organs (those away from the brain like limbs) and carry them to the central nervous system.
18. • Autonomic nervous system Another part of the nervous system is the Autonomic Nervous System. It has three parts: -the sympathetic nervous system -the sympathetic nervous system -the parasympathetic nervous system -the enteric nervous system