Behaviour-Driven Development with Calabash

Behaviour-Driven Development has become the standard development process for crafting software on the web. In recent years tools such as Cucumber and Bahat have elevated automated acceptance testing into the toolchain of any discerning software engineer. But what about the thriving world of mobile development? Is it possible to practice outside-in test driven development when creating iOS, Android or hybrid applications? This session will examine the relatively new and emerging world of Behaviour-Driven Development for mobile applications.

Using an automated acceptance test framework called Calabash, we will examine how to build applications that are continuously tested against product requirements written in the Gherkin domain-specific language. Using the outside-in development method, a basic mobile application will be constructed during the session, precisely meeting the product owners requirements.

Transcript

1. Calabash B E H A V I O U R D R I V E N D E V E L O P M E N T with
2. Hello.
3. Replace with Screenshot
4. mobile The best childcare now starts on your mobile phone AVA I L A B L E T O D O W N L O A D O N
5. – the way in which a person behaves in response to a particular situation or stimulus. behaviour – the way in which a machine works or functions. noun
6. Ideas person
7. Ideas person Implementor a x a = b a 2 = b
8. Product Owners and Business Analysts Software Engineers
9. Product Owners and Business Analysts Software Engineers Quality Assurance !!!
10. Product Owners and Business Analysts Software Engineers Quality Assurance !!! ??? !*&?
11. Product Owners and Business Analysts Software Engineers Quality Assurance
12. – Robert C. Martin (Uncle Bob) “ Cucumber is not a tool for testing applications. Cucumber is a philosophy for communicating requirements. ”
13. Project System Features Scenarios Steps Step definitions Support code Automation library Cucumber framework
14. Project System Features Scenarios Steps Step definitions Support code Automation library Business facing Technology facing Features defined by scenarios Specification by example in steps Written in natural language Step definition execution Assertion of specification Written in code
15. Project System Features Scenarios Steps Step definitions Support code Automation library Business and technology boundary Steps are defined in natural language Step definitions are accepted by executing code Living system documentation
16. – Lisa Crispin “ Cucumber is designed to help build bridges between the technical and nontechnical members of a software team. ”
17. Gherkin DSL the Feature Scenario Scenario Outline Step Example
18. Feature A feature provides the overall context of intent, and is composed of one or more scenarios. Feature Scenario Scenario Outline Step Example
19. Feature: Awesome feature In order to achieve a goal As an actor I want to be able to do the thing that achieves the goal
20. Scenario Features are specified by scenarios, or use cases. Each scenario has a title. Scenarios contain steps that define the expected behaviour. Feature Scenario Scenario Outline Step Example
21. Step Steps define the expected behaviour. Steps have use a minimal set of operating key words. Given, When, Then… And, But Feature Scenario Scenario Outline Step Example
22. Scenario: Awesome scenario Given an initial state When I perform some action Then I should expect this behaviour
23. Your Application Acceptance tests Test the expected behaviour of the application Step definitions Specify how each step of the acceptance test operates within the application Implement application logic Implement the code to make the scenario pass
24. – Matt Wynne and Aslak Hellesøy, The Cucumber Book “ Unit tests ensure you build the thing right. Acceptance tests ensure you build the right thing.”
26. Calabash introducing C U C U M B E R M O B I L E A U T O M AT I O N L I B R A R Y
27. Project System Features Scenarios Steps Step definitions Support code Automation library Cucumber Calabash
28. Calabash iOS iOS 5, 6, 7 Ruby 2.x github.com/calabash/calabash-ios Calabash Android Android 4.0, 4.0.3, 4.1 Ruby 2.x github.com/calabash/calabash-android
29. Touching Buttons Labels Input fields Table view cells Switches Map locations Window coordinates Text entry Input fields Text entry by table Clear input field Swipes & scrolling Swipe and scroll up, down, left, right Swipe on table view cell Swipe and scroll on label Pinches & zooms Swipe up, down, left, right Swipe on table view cell Swipe on label Scroll up, down, left, right Scroll on label P O I U Y T R E W Q L K J H G F D S A M N B V C X Z space return 12 3 github.com/calabash/calabash-ios/wiki/02-Predefined-steps
30. C A L A B A S H I O S I N S T A L L A T I O N $ sudo gem install calabash-cucumber
31. C A L A B A S H I O S P R O J E C T S E T U P $ calabash-ios setup ---------- Info ---------- Found several targets. Please enter name of target to duplicate. Default target: MyFirstProject. Just hit <Enter> to select default. MyFirstProject MyFirstProject Tests
32. F E A T U R E S S E T U P $ calabash-ios gen ----------Question---------- I'm about to create a subdirectory called features. features will contain all your calabash tests. Please hit return to confirm that's what you want. ---------------------------
33. C A L A B A S H C O M M A N D L I N E H E L P $ calabash-ios -h Usage: <command> can be one of $ calabash-ios help Man pages
34. R E A D E V A L U A T E P R I N T L O O P $ calabash-ios console Running irb... irb(main):001:0> launcher.relaunch nil irb(main):002:0> github.com/calabash/calabash-ios/wiki/03.5-Calabash-iOS-Ruby-API
39. Pow Pow Me
46. Feature: Pow! Pow! Me Welcome Screen In order to understand the product quickly As a Pow! Pow! Me new customer I want to be able to use the app immediately from launch
47. Scenario: Launch app first When I launch the application Then I should see “Pow! Pow! Me”
48. Scenario: Launch app first When I launch the application Then I should see “Pow! Pow! Me” And I should vacation opportunities
49. Scenario: Launch app first When I launch the application Then I should see “Pow! Pow! Me” And I should vacation opportunities And I should be able to search for a Pow! Pow! vacation And I should be able to access my account information And I should be able to get help And I should see map search results
50. Demo
52. Feature: Tune My Pow! Pow! In order to get the exact holiday I want As a Pow! Pow! Me customer I want to be able to set search parameters before searching
53. Scenario: Tune My Pow! Pow! Given I am on the "Tune My Pow! Pow!" screen When I touch the “Pow! Pow! Me” button Then I should see a “Tune My Pow! Pow!”
54. Scenario: Perform tuned search Given I am on the "Tune My Pow! Pow!" screen When I touch the "average price range" button And I touch the "five or more hours travel time" button And I touch the "long weekend on the mountain" button And I touch the "Lets Go!" button Then I should see "Shredding Pow! Pow!"
55. Demo
58. Feature: Search Results In order to see potential Pow! Pow! trips As a Pow! Pow! searching customer I want to be able to view detailed matched search results
59. Scenario: Search for average priced long weekend When I search for a far away, average priced, long weekend on the mountain Then I should see 3 search results And I should see a "Surprise me!" button
60. Scenario: Surprise me! When I am on the search results page And I touch the "Surprise me!" button Then a random trip should be selected And I should see the trip details Scenario: Trip details Given there are 3 matching trips When I am on the search results page And I touch list item number 1 Then I should see the trip details
61. Demo
62. User Experience describe the N O T T H E I M P L E M E N TAT I O N
63. Scenario: Perform tuned search Given I am in need of a Pow! Pow! vacation When I want to find an average priced vacation And I am willing to travel for five or more hours And I want to spend a long weekend on the mountain Then I should see vacations that match my preferences
65. Pow Pow Me github.com/samsoir/pow-pow-me
66. Feature: Sign in with Facebook In order to authenticate register with existing information As a Pow! Pow! customer I want to be able to connect to my Facebook account
67. B A C K D O O R A C C E S S C O D E @implementation AppDelegate - (NSString *)authenticateWithAccessToken:(NSString *)token { // Authenticate user with access token return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Executed authenticateWithAccessToken: with %@", token]; } @end
68. B A C K D O O R I M P L E M E N T A T I O N CALABASH=1
69. B A C K D O O R C O N D I T I O N A L C O D E @implementation AppDelegate #ifdef CALABASH - (NSString *)authenticateWithAccessToken:(NSString *)token { // Authenticate user with access token return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Executed authenticateWithAccessToken: with %@", token]; } #endif @end
70. C A L A B A S H A P I – B A C K D O O R backdoor("authenticateWithAccessToken:", "abc123") => “Executed authenticateWithAccessToken: with abc123”
71. Demo
72. More information Cucumber http://cukes.info Calabash http://calaba.sh defreyssinet http://def.reyssi.net http://github.com/samsoir/pow-pow-me Pow Pow Me
73. Thank you! License Contact information Behaviour-Driven Development by Sam de Freyssinet is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Based on a work at def.reyssi.net. www.sittercity.com Sittercity is hiring! @samsoir @SittercityTech Behaviour-Driven Development with Calabash Written by Sam de Freyssinet Published in 2014 Additional material quoted from The Cucumber Book by Matt Wynne and Aslak Hellesøy