Zero to Common Lisp

How common lisp projects are put together.

Transcript

1. Zero To Common Lisp How Common Lisp projects are put together.
2. About Me.
3. About Me. •Programmer at Vitrue.
4. About Me. •Programmer at Vitrue. •One of the resident “lisp dudes”
5. About Me. •Programmer at Vitrue. •One of the resident “lisp dudes” •A new lisper
6. About Me. •Programmer at Vitrue. •One of the resident “lisp dudes” •A new lisper •First lisp presentation
7. Going to Talk About:
8. Going to Talk About: Files, Images and Packages
9. Going to Talk About: Files, Images and Packages CLOS - Just the basics.
10. Going to Talk About: Files, Images and Packages CLOS - Just the basics. Asdf & Quicklisp.
11. Going to Talk About: Files, Images and Packages CLOS - Just the basics. Asdf & Quicklisp. Quickproject
12. Files Lisp doesn’t care about your files. Maybe it cares a little. ASDF cares. More on that later.
13. Packages Mapping of symbols *package* - Current package. Symbol Import/ Export interface No global package Common-Lisp-User Supports Inheritance Using a package Importing Shadowing
14. (defpackage :clcss (:use :cl) (:export :read-css)) (in-package :clcss)
16. Images
17. Images Dump/load frozen state
18. Images Dump/load frozen state Distribute a “native” app.
19. Images Dump/load frozen state Distribute a “native” app. Always working with one
20. Images Dump/load frozen state Distribute a “native” app. Always working with one Similar to Smalltalk
21. Images Dump/load frozen state Distribute a “native” app. Always working with one Similar to Smalltalk FFI is a pain the ass.
22. CLOS The worst introduction ever.
23. CLOS Common Lisp Object System The worst introduction ever.
24. CLOS Common Lisp Object System Objects do not have methods The worst introduction ever.
25. CLOS Common Lisp Object System Objects do not have methods Instead Lisp has generic functions The worst introduction ever.
26. CLOS Common Lisp Object System Objects do not have methods Instead Lisp has generic functions defgeneric The worst introduction ever.
27. CLOS Common Lisp Object System Objects do not have methods Instead Lisp has generic functions defgeneric declares options and arguments for methods The worst introduction ever.
28. CLOS Common Lisp Object System Objects do not have methods Instead Lisp has generic functions defgeneric declares options and arguments for methods defmethod The worst introduction ever.
29. (defclass my-class () ((my-slot :initform t :accessor my-slot :documentation “A simple slot.”)) (:documentation “A simple class”))
30. defmethod
31. defmethod specializes generic function based on type of object
32. defmethod specializes generic function based on type of object not restricted a single type multi-methods
33. defmethod specializes generic function based on type of object not restricted a single type multi-methods eql specializers, specialize to particular instances of objects.
34. defmethod specializes generic function based on type of object not restricted a single type multi-methods eql specializers, specialize to particular instances of objects. combinators :before, :around, :after allow for hooking into method calls.
35. (defmethod initialize-instance :after ((o my-class) &key) ...) Custom constructor (defmethod slot->nil ((o my-class)) (setf (my-slot o) nil)) A simple method. method combinator
36. ASDF Almost a standard*
37. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Almost a standard*
38. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Organize your code, through files... Almost a standard*
39. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Organize your code, through files... Understanding the object model is key. Almost a standard*
40. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Organize your code, through files... Understanding the object model is key. Components Almost a standard*
41. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Organize your code, through files... Understanding the object model is key. Components Operations Almost a standard*
42. ASDF Another System Definition Facility Organize your code, through files... Understanding the object model is key. Components Operations Extensible Almost a standard*
43. (defsystem #:clcss :name "clcss" :version "0.0.0" :depends-on (:cl-ppcre) :in-order-to ((test-op (load-op clcss-tests))) :components ((:module "src" :components ((:file "package") (:file "clcss" :depends-on ("package")))))) (defmethod perform ((o asdf:test-op) (c (eql (asdf:find-system :clcss)))) (funcall (intern (symbol-name :run-all) :clcss-tests))) Example ASD
44. defsystem form
45. defsystem form Usual meta-data :author :description :version :maintainer
46. defsystem form Usual meta-data :author :description :version :maintainer :perform - stub out custom functionality
47. defsystem form Usual meta-data :author :description :version :maintainer :perform - stub out custom functionality Components root of all other components.
48. defsystem form Usual meta-data :author :description :version :maintainer :perform - stub out custom functionality Components root of all other components. :serial :depends-on :in-order to
49. defsystem form Usual meta-data :author :description :version :maintainer :perform - stub out custom functionality Components root of all other components. :serial :depends-on :in-order to Grammar is short, easy to reference.
50. Components
51. Components Modules - Directories.
52. Components Modules - Directories. Files Defaults to cl-source-file Static files - README, ChangeLog etc.
53. Components Modules - Directories. Files Defaults to cl-source-file Static files - README, ChangeLog etc. Systems*
54. Components Modules - Directories. Files Defaults to cl-source-file Static files - README, ChangeLog etc. Systems* *Systems are actually special modules
55. Operations load-op compile-op load-source-op test-op
56. Perform (defgeneric perform (operation component)) Now all together! Because it’s CLOS we can change it. Test operations are the most common.
57. (defsystem #:clcss :name "clcss" :version "0.0.0" :depends-on (:cl-ppcre) :in-order-to ((test-op (load-op clcss-tests))) :components ((:module "src" :components ((:file "package") (:file "clcss" :depends-on ("package")))))) (defmethod perform ((o asdf:test-op) (c (eql (asdf:find-system :clcss)))) (funcall (intern (symbol-name :run-all) :clcss-tests)))
58. ASDF Usage (asdf:oos ‘asdf:load-op :clcss) operate on system (asdf:load-system :clcss) A short-cut to oos.
59. The ASDF Source Registry How ASDF finds your systems.
60. If you put software in ~/ .local/share/common-lisp/source/ You’re done.
61. Most likely you don’t. Shove configuration files in: ~/.config/common-lisp/source-registry.conf.d/ Or set CL_SOURCE_REGISTRY Files end in .conf by convention Examples directives (:directory “/path/to/source/”) (:tree “/path/to/tree/of/sources/”)
62. Quicklisp It’s your gem, pip, lenin, cabal... Speaks ASDF ASDF + Quicklisp == Bundler-ish ASDF + Quicklisp == pip + requirements.txt
63. Using QL (ql:quickload :clcss) It really is that easy.
64. Starting out
65. Quickproject From the guy who brought you quicklisp Bare-bones project skeleton. Great starting point. https:/ /github.com/xach/quickproject
66. Quickproject (quickproject:make-project #p"src/screenscraper/" :depends-on '(cl-ppcre drakma closure-html))
67. Simple things don’t need to be projects. (load #p”/path/to/script”) Sometimes is all you want.
68. Q&A You can find me here: @sean_bryant