iEC1 - Speaker Deck & Japan

Transcript

1. JAPANESE CULTURE Juan Miguel G. Tinoco Sophia Bianca M. Pantangco Justine S. Manalo
2. What is Speaker Deck? ▪ Speaker Deck is a free & simple slide hosting service created by GitHub that allows you to upload your slides online, making them available as public webpages. ▪ The usual features include embedding, social media sharing, linking, and downloading for your presentations. Sources: https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/student-affairs-and-technology/share-your-slides-speaker-deck
3. How can I use Speaker Deck ?
4. Just sign up ! ;) How can I use Speaker Deck ?
5. Just sign up ! Use PDF files How can I use Speaker Deck ?
6. Risks and Limitations ▪ The chance of having technical difficulties ▪ Only accepts PDFs ▪ Must pay for certain features ▪ Having too much information may become too overwhelming ▪ Oversimplification of topics ▪ Dependency on the slides when presenting ▪ Delegation of attention
7. Background: Japanese culture and its relevance to the student community
8. LANGUAGE ▪ Nihongo is the first language of majority of Japan's population. However, there is also a variety of other languages in the country that somehow cannot be understood when used alongside Nihongo. Regardless, they are viewed as part of the Japanese language.1 ▪ They also have various writing systems, namely Kanji, Hiragana, Katakana, and Romaji. In the Philippines,The Japan Foundation, Manila is dedicated to appreciating Japan's culture, and one way they do this is by offering classes on Japanese language and writing open to those interested and have intentions of working in Japan and whatnot.2 Sources: 1) https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/japanese/ 2) https://jfmo.org.ph/
9. ▪ Translating to "I humbly receive", itadakimasu is a phrase said by Japanese people before they eat. In this context, it may also mean "let's eat". They do this as they see the meal prepared for them as a gift in which they must show gratitude for.1 It is also an expression often heard in anime. ▪ In the Philippines, it has been adapted in many ways—said as well before meals, used as the name for restaurants, a phrase to caption food posts, and the like. Sources: 1) https://cotoacademy.com/itadakimasu-and-gochisousamadesu/ 2) https://jfmo.org.ph/
10. FOOD TEMPURA ▪ A secondhand culture turned country staple, the concept of frying something coated in batter or tempura was brought back by the Portuguese in the mid-16th century.1 Its previous connotation was that it was "high class" food, given that it was cooked using expensive oil.2 ▪ In the Philippines, many Japanese restaurants have tempura in their menu. Other than this, it has been adapted in convenient ways, which contrary to being a "high class" food, is also an affordable go-to viand, especially among students. Sources: 1) https://sushiyoshiboulder.com/tempura.php 2) https://www.fun-japan.jp/en/articles/6774 © Nice PNG © Tokyo Tempura
11. FOOD SUSHI ▪ It emerged in the 8th century and was called Narezushi. Its purpose was for preserving fish (for over a year!), where the rice was originally thrown away. Eventually, it became a staple in their cuisine, and this time all its components is consumed.1 ▪ SUSHI = vinegared rice + raw fish or other fillings/toppings1 ▪ Though most would be familiar with eating sushi with chopsticks/utensils, tradition is to eat it with one's hands. It is also not commonly dipped in a soy sauce + wasabi mixture.2 Sources: 1) https://www.eat-japan.com/sushi-perfect/sushi-knwoledge/sushi-history/ 2) https://www.tripsavvy.com/how-to-eat-sushi-1458298 © PNG IMG
12. Unique Beliefs, Traditions, and Practices
13. Back to Japanese Culture: Religion ▪ There are two main forms of religion in Japan: Shintoism and Buddhism. Shintoism has been practiced as tradition by Japanese families for over two thousand years now. However, the Japanese view Shintoism as a way of celebrating the country's special traditions. Buddhism is often practiced in company with Shintoism. No religion is especially supreme. Source: https://www.familysearch.org/blog/en/japanese-culture/ © The Review of Religion SHINTOISM BUDDHISM © Wikipedia
14. yōkai ▪ In Japan, this supernatural belief is grounded on how creatures like monsters and demons shapeshift and appear as regular animals and objects. The art created from this emanates feelings of both delight and fear among those who see it.1 Source: https://theconversation.com/in-japan-supernatural-beliefs- connect-the-spiritual-realm-with-the-earthly-objects-around-us-125726
15. bōnenkai ▪ In celebration of all the hard work put into the year, a group of colleagues get together for this party in December, also known as a "forget-the-year" party. This is also their way of putting the year's trouble in the past.1 ▪ It is not just about drinking, though, as even in pouring the drink, one must keep in mind who he/she is pouring for.2 Sources: 1) https://textappeal.com/cultureshocks/japanese-culture-facts-and-traditions/ 2) https://livejapan.com/en/in-tokyo/in-pref-tokyo/in-tokyo_train_station/article-a0000813/
16. inemuri ▪ Sleeping in public or during a work shift is normal in Japan. If anything, it is seen as a positive act, where one has become too dedicated to their work to the point of extreme tiredness.1 ▪ Japanese individuals who then engage in inemuri are thought of as diligent, as they can both sleep and be present.1 Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/16/world/what-in-the-world/japan-inemuri-public-sleeping.html
17. GIFT GIVING: main occasions ochugen ▪ As a sign of respect and gratitude, Japanese people give gifts to others that they are close to sometime in the middle of the year (the first half of July).1 ▪ It is a voluntary act that binds the gift giver and receiver,keeping their relationship with one another healthy.1 oseigo ▪ Oseigo gifts on the other hand are given at the end of the year, usually apart from Christmas gifts and has become overtaken by the latter.2 ▪ Nonetheless, this is to show gratitude to an individual for goodwill they have shown towards you. As such, the gifts are often immediately useful to the recipient, like food or household items. Sources: 1) https://guidable.co/culture/what-is-ochugen-facts-you-need-to-know-about-ochugen/ 2) https://www.acclaro.com/blog/oseibo-a-lesson-in-japanese-gift-giving-etiquette/
18. The Economy
19. Overview: The COVID- 19 Impact ▪ Areas that fuel 79% of Japan's economy will be declared under a state of emergency with the Delta variant, rising number of cases, and resulting incapacity of the country's health systems. Their Prime Minister decided to allot 1.4 trillion yen or 635.79 trillion PHP for vaccines and treatments to alleviate the issue. ▪ Despite this, businesses push for operations past implemented curfews, as on the other hand, citizens freely go on with their lives with no penalty for staying out of their homes. Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-25/japan-puts-most-of- population-in-virus-emergency-as-cases-surge
20. Sales Tax Hike ▪ Since late 2019, an increase in sales tax was implemented (8% to 10%) for the purpose of funding other initiatives of the government such as preschool education and to pay off the country's debts. Though this would have signaled people to spend less, rebates were made available to those who paid through electronic means, also motivating others to do the same (to avoid cash transactions because of the virus).1 Source: https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2450_how.html
21. Decline in Exports ▪ Due to lockdowns and other guidelines implemented by countries, there is currently a decline in Japan's major exports like electronic equipment and car parts.1 ▪ Where brands like Toyota and Honda rely on the demand of foreign countries, the country may need to reinvent their business models to remain operational and profitable.1 Source: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/123015/3-economic-challenges-japan-faces-2016.asp
22. Tokyo Olympics ▪ The 2020 (2021) Tokyo Olympics was thought to help the country recover from their slump seeing how it hosting helped their economy in the past. However, with its $20 billion dollar cost and lowered revenue with no fans to see the games, the country did not see the same success.1 ▪ Regardless,with the creation of the bubble and the need to cater to hundreds of athletes, they were able to provide jobs to many even for an incremental period; success nonetheless.1 Source: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/with-a-cost-of-over-20-billion-and-decreased-revenue-due-to-no-fans-the-question-is-how-many-billions-will-tokyo-lose-on-the-olympics-11627045707
23. How can the Philippines Improve its Economy? Source: https://fineartamerica.com/featured/1-aerial-view-of-busuanga-island- philippines-cavan-images.html
24. 1.) Priority in Public Health ("Health is Wealth") Source: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/15/national/coronavirus-vaccine- passports-japan/
25. 2.) Quality Education should be available for all Source:https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/06/14/national/japans-free- preeschool-education-plan-requires-fiscal-balancing-act/
26. 3.) Tax Increase should be beneficial to public welfare and government should be transparent where this will be used Source: https://www.realestate-tokyo.com/living-in-tokyo/japan- info/income-tax/
27. 4.) Electronic Payments as a means for the unbanked and to incentivise tax payments Source: https://tokyoesque.com/cashless-payments-in-japan/
28. 5.) Government initiated projects to help generate jobs, income and increase employment rate Source: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Japan-s-construction-sites-seek-to-be- foreigner-friendly-workplaces
29. ▪ The Philippine economy must rely on the country’s strengths that resources may be focused on and enhanced. As an agricultural country, the focus must lie on our land. We must support our farmers that they may work in better conditions with better benefits. The country cannot continue to focus on unnecessary agendas that pointlessly delegate resources for superficial projects. With the COVID19 pandemic still at large, the decline of theeconomy is still apparent and continuous. Currently, the best way to salvage the Philippine economy is to stop the uprising of COVID19 as businesses will finally be able to go on without hindrance. We must invest in more effective PPEs so that we do not support needless equipment and to stop the spread of the COVID19 virus. Source:https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/travel-news/the-philippines-just-extended-travel-restrictions-to-india-and-other-countries/as84957299.cms Group's Synthesis