History of Oral & Written Communication

Transcript

1. + Oral + Written Communication History of Mass Communication
2. + Activity: What is Communication
3. + Functions of Communication   Information Dissemination   Instruction   Persuasion   Debates and Discussion   Cultural Promotion   Entertainment   Transmission of Knowledge   Social Contact
4. + History of Communication   Speech was developed about 200,000 years ago   Symbols were developed about 30,000 years ago   Writing was developed about 7,000 years ago
5. + Developments in Communication Internet Television Cinema Radio Telegraphy/Radio Printing Technology/Newspapers Drum Beats/Smoke Signals/Pigeon Service/Letters/Word of Mouth
6. + What is Oral Communication   Oral Communication: Conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be listened to or spoken   Verbal Oral Communication: Conveyance of information in forms that can be listened to or spoken using words   Non Verbal Oral Communication: Conveyance of information in forms that can be listened to or spoken using no words (grunts, sighs)
7. + Story of Human Evolution
8. + Early Human Beings   Australopithecus, Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus)   Early human beings did not speak   Structure of voice boxes like modern apes or chimpanzees   They could make vocal noises but the human anatomy did not permit delicate control over vocal sounds that are required for speech
9. + Neanderthals   Homo Sapiens, Neanderthanlensis   Has the same limitations as the earlier human beings   Communicated using gestures, body movements and limited number of sounds
10. + Cro-Magnons   Homo Sapiens, Sapiens   Our direct ancestors   Same larynx, voice box, tongue and lip structures as modern people   The vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, sit at the top of the windpipe (trachea). They are two folds of tissue stretched across the voice box (larynx). They vibrate, adjusting the flow of air from the lungs, to produce speech sounds.   Were able to generate and control sounds in intricate ways   Were able to speak and develop language
11. + Diagram of larynx
12. + Written communication
13. + Sumerian Cuneiform   Earliest know form of written communication   Emerged in Summer around 30th century BC   Pictorial representations on clay   Cuneiform writing was gradually replaced by the Phoenician alphabet
14. + Egyptian Hieroglyphics   The word hieroglyph comes from the Greek hieros (sacred) plus glypho (inscriptions)   Hieroglyphs could represent the sound of the object or they could represent an idea associated with the object.   Usually written on papyrus and wood
15. + Phoenician Alphabet   The Phoenician alphabet developed from the Proto- Canaanite alphabet, during the 15th century BC.   Before then the Phoenicians wrote with a cuneiform script.
16. + Phoenician Alphabet   The earliest known inscriptions in the Phoenician alphabet come from Byblos and date back to 1000 BC.   Origins of most alphabetic writing systems can be traced back to the Phoenician alphabet, including Greek, Etruscan, Latin, Arabic and Hebrew, as well as the scripts of India and East Asia.
17. + Egyptian Papyrus   Papyrus rolls and early parchments made of dried reeds (light weight + portable)
18. + Chinese Paper   Paper was invented by T’sai Lun in 105 AD,   The word "paper" is derived from the word "papyrus," which was a plant found in Egypt along the lower Nile River.   Paper, and the pulp papermaking process, was said to be developed in China during the early 2nd century AD (Anno Domini)