A Concurrent HTTP/2 Server with Ractor

RubyKaigi 2026 LT

https://rubykaigi.org/2026/presentations/lt/

Transcript

1. A Concurrent HTTP/2 Server with Ractor RubyKaigi 2026 LT Tomoya Kuwayama thekuwayama
2. About me - Tomoya Kuwayama - thekuwayama (GitHub) - Nature Inc. - Software engineer
3. About HTTP/2 (1) - Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), referred to as HTTP version 2 - 2015 RFC 7540 - 2022 RFC 9113 - Protocol designed for efficient transfer
4. About HTTP/2 (2) - Streams and Multiplexing - multiple concurrent exchanges on the same connection - HPACK dynamic tables - one for compressing HTTP headers, and another for static and one for dynamic tables
5. Streams and Multiplexing
6. HTTP 1.1 Request1 Response1 Request2 Response2 Request3 Response3 Client Server
7. Stream and Multiplexing Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Client Server
8. HPACK dynamic tables
9. HTTP 1.1 Request1 Response1 Request2 Response2 Request3 Response3 Server
10. HPACK Index Header Name Header Value 1 :authority 2 :method GET … … … 61 www-authenticate 62 … … … … … static table dynamic table By (re)using index, shortens encoding
11. Is HTTP/2 a good topic for Ractor?
12. About Ractor - most objects are unshareable objects - Ractor.make_shareable - Ractor.shareable_proc - message-passing for unshareable objects - Ractor#send - Ractor.recv
13. About HTTP/2 (2) - Streams and Multiplexing - multiple concurrent exchanges on the same connection - HPACK dynamic tables - one for compressing HTTP headers, and another for static and one for dynamic tables
15. How do I implement an HTTP/2 server with Ractor?
16. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream Stream … new new new rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port
17. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream Stream … new new new rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port
18. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder
19. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream Stream … new new new rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port
20. Connection Stream Stream … new new new Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port tx Ractor::Port
21. Connection Stream Stream … new new new Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port tx Ractor::Port
22. How does it run HTTP?
23. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder build tx Ractor::Port
24. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream rx Ractor::Port tx Ractor::Port recv new
25. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream rx Ractor::Port tx Ractor::Port recv new
26. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream rx Ractor::Port tx Ractor::Port send response
27. Connection Socket HPACK::Encoder, Deocder Stream Stream … new new new rx Ractor::Port rx Ractor::Port
28. Conclusion - Developing an HTTP/2 server with Ractor - https://github.com/thekuwayama/biryani - universally used HTTP/2 protocol - I hope this helps solve the chicken-and-egg problem at Ractor.