IPC 2013: Controlling Arduino With PHP

Transcript

1. #IPC13 Controlling Arduino With PHP

2. About Me • Thomas Weinert – @ThomasWeinert • dimensional GmbH

   – papaya CMS • PHP, Javascript, XSLT • XML Fanatic (JSON is BAD)

3. Arduino

4. Arduino Mega

5. Arduino Nano

6. Arduino Nano Breadboard

7. Arduino Nano Breakout

8. Teensy 3.0

9. Arduino IDE

10. Firmata • MIDI Based • Serial Port • Forks for

    TCP • http://firmata.org

11. Firmata StartUp • Protocol Version • Firmware Name + Version

    • Capabilities – Pin, Mode, Resolution

12. Byte Stream "\xF9\x03\x02". // Version "\xF0\x79". // Firmware "\x02\x03". //

    Firmware version "\x53\x00\x61\x00\x6D\x00\x70\x00\x6C\x00\x65\x00". // Firmware string "\xF7". "\xF0\x6C". // Capabilities Response "\x00\x01\x01\x01\x03\x08\x04\x0e\x7f". // pin 0 "\x00\x01\x01\x01\x02\x0a\x06\x01\x7f". // pin 1 "\xF7". "\xF0\x6A". // Analog Mapping Response "\x7F\x00". "\xF7"

13. Non-Blocking I/O • Event Loop • Event Emitter • Promises

14. Loop vs. Event Loop • Setup • Loop – Led

    on – Wait for 2 seconds – Led off – Wait for 2 seconds • Setup • Add 2s interval callback toggling the led • Run loop

15. Event Loop Listeners/Callbacks Loop External Process External Process File

16. Event Loop • Timeouts • Intervals • Stream Listeners •

    Implementations – StreamSelect – LibEvent – MySQLi

17. Browser Example var e = document.getElementById('output'); var counter = 0;

    var interval = window.setInterval( function() { e.textContent = e.textContent + counter.toString() + ', '; counter++; }, 1000 );

18. Event Emitter Object Event Callback Callback Callback Event Event •

    Attach • on(), once() • Trigger • emit()

19. Event Emitter Example $stream = new Stream\File('c:/tmp/sample.txt'); $stream->events()->on( 'read-data', function($data)

    { echo $data; } ); $stream->events()->on( 'error', function($error) use ($loop) { echo $error; $loop->stop(); } );

20. Promises • Asynchronous Condition • Attach Callbacks – done() –

    fail() – always() • Change Status – reject() – resolve()

21. jQuery Example jQuery( function () { jQuery .get('hello-world.xml') .done( function

    (xml) { $('#output').text( $('data', xml).text() ); } ); } );

22. Carica Projects • Carica I/O – https://bitbucket.org/ThomasWeinert/carica-io • Carica Firmata

    – https://bitbucket.org/ThomasWeinert/carica-firmata • Carica Chip – https://bitbucket.org/ThomasWeinert/carica-chip

23. Carica I/O • Event Loop – Carica\Io\Event\Loop • Event Emitter

    – Carica\Io\Event\Emitter • Promises – Carica\Io\Deferred – Carica\Io\Deferred\Promise

24. Timers $loop = Loop\Factory::get(); $i = 0; $loop->setInterval( function ()

    use (&$i) { echo $i++; }, 1000 ); $loop->setTimeout( function () use ($loop) { $loop->stop(); }, 10000 ); $loop->run();

25. Asynchronous MySQL $mysqlOne = new Io\Deferred\MySQL(new mysqli('localhost')); $mysqlTwo = new

    Io\Deferred\MySQL(new mysqli('localhost')); $time = microtime(TRUE); $debug = function($result) use ($time) { var_dump(iterator_to_array($result)); var_dump(microtime(TRUE) - $time); }; $queries = Io\Deferred::When( $mysqlOne("SELECT 'Query 1', SLEEP(5)") ->done($debug), $mysqlTwo("SELECT 'Query 2', SLEEP(1)") ->done($debug) ); Io\Event\Loop\Factory::run($queries);

26. Asynchronous MySQL

27. HTTP Server Why?

28. HTTP Server • PHP Daemons – Single process for all

    requests – Share variables

29. Web Interfaces for Firmata

30. Carica HTTP Server <?php include(__DIR__.'/../../src/Carica/Io/Loader.php'); Carica\Io\Loader::register(); use Carica\Io\Network\Http; $route =

    new Carica\Io\Network\Http\Route(); $route->startsWith('/files', new Http\Route\File(__DIR__)); $server = new Carica\Io\Network\Http\Server($route); $server->listen(8080); Carica\Io\Event\Loop\Factory::run();

31. Carica Firmata

32. Carica Firmata Board <?php $board = new Firmata\Board( new Io\Stream\Serial(

    CARICA_FIRMATA_SERIAL_DEVICE, CARICA_FIRMATA_SERIAL_BAUD ) ); $board ->activate() ->done( function () use ($board) { ... } ); Carica\Io\Event\Loop\Factory::run();

33. Example: Blink function () use ($board, $loop) { $led =

    9; $board->pinMode($led, Firmata::Board\PIN_STATE_OUTPUT); $loop->setInterval( function () use ($board, $led) { static $ledOn = TRUE; echo 'LED: '.($ledOn ? 'on' : 'off')."\n"; $board->digitalWrite( $led, $ledOn ? Firmata\Board::DIGITAL_HIGH : Firmata\Board::DIGITAL_LOW ); $ledOn = !$ledOn; }, 1000 ); }

34. Example: Blink OOP function () use ($board, $loop) { $pin

    = $board->pins[13]; $pin->mode = Firmata\Board::PIN_MODE_OUTPUT; $loop->setInterval( function () use ($pin) { $pin->digital = !$pin->digital; echo 'LED: '.($pin->digital ? 'on' : 'off')."\n"; }, 1000 ); }

35. Carica Firmata Pins • Properties – int $mode – bool

    $digital – float $analog – array $supports – int $value – int $maximum • events – on('change', ...) – on('change-mode, ...) – on('change-value, ...)

36. RGB Wheel

37. Carica Chip • Hardware Abstraction • Device Objects

38. LED function () use ($board) { $led = new Carica\Chip\Led(

    $board->pins[9] ); $led->blink(); }

39. RGB LED function () use ($board) { $colors = array('#F00',

    '#0F0', '#00F'); $index = 0; $led = new Carica\Chip\Led\Rgb( $board->pins[20], $board->pins[21], $board->pins[22] ); $led->setColor('#000'); $next = function() use ($led, $colors, &$index, &$next) { ... }; $next(); }

40. RGB LED function () use ($board) { … $next =

    function() use ($led, $colors, &$index, &$next) { if (isset($colors[$index])) { $color = $colors[$index]; $led->fadeTo($color)->done($next); } if (++$index >= count($colors)) { $index = 0; } }; $next(); }

41. Analog Sensor function () use ($board) { $sensor = new

    Carica\Chip\Sensor\Analog( $board->pins[16] ); $sensor->onChange( function (Carica\Chip\Sensor\Analog $sensor) { echo $sensor, ' '; echo str_repeat('=', 60 * $sensor->get()); echo "\n"; } ); }

42. Servo function () use ($board, $loop) { $positions = array(

    0, 45, 90, 180 ); $servo = new Carica\Chip\Servo($board->pins[7], -180); $index = 0; $loop->setInterval( $next = function () use ($servo, $positions, &$index) { if (isset($positions[$index])) { $position = $positions[$index]; $servo->moveTo($position); echo $position, " Grad , ", $servo->getPosition(), " Grad\n"; } if (++$index >= count($positions)) { $index = 0; } }, 2000 ); $next(); }

43. Drive

44. Thank You • Questions? • Twitter: @ThomasWeinert • Blog: http://a-basketful-of-papayas.net