Wat is Open Source ? Open Source verwijst naar dingen die publiekelijk beschikbaar zijn, die door mensen met de juiste kennis zijn aan te passen en waarbij de wijzigingen ook weer publiekelijk beschikbaar worden gemaakt. de Jip & Janneke definitie ….
Wat is Open Source ? Open Source verwijst naar dingen die publiekelijk beschikbaar zijn, die door mensen met de juiste kennis zijn aan te passen en waarbij de wijzigingen ook weer publiekelijk beschikbaar worden gemaakt. de kenmerken … open
Free vs Open Source Software • Open Source Initiative (OSI) • Free Software Foundation – free software as a matter of liberty, not price twee belangrijke organisaties Free software is a political movement, open source is a development model. - Richard Stallman Stallman describes his free software movement and the Open Source Initiative as separate camps within the same broad free-software community and acknowledged that despite philosophical differences, proponents of open source and free software often work together on practical projects.
Open Source Rollen Maintainers: verantwoordelijk voor het “totaal product” Collaborators: verwerken verbeteringen/aanvullingen Contributors: aanleveren verbeteringen/aanvullingen Users: eindgebruikers verschillende rollen, verschillende taken
Rules of Licenties - GNU AGPLv3 - GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 - GNU GPLv3 - GNU General Public License v3.0 - GNU LGPLv3 - GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0 - Mozilla Public License 2.0 - Apache License 2.0 - MIT License - The Unlicense verschillende modellen o.b.v. GitHub Sterkste voorwaarden GNU AGPLv3: Permissions of this strongest copyleft license are conditioned on making available complete source code of licensed works and modifications, which include larger works using a licensed work, under the same license. Copyright and license notices must be preserved. Contributors provide an express grant of patent rights. When a modified version is used to provide a service over a network, the complete source code of the modified version must be made available. Source: https://choosealicense.com/licenses/
Licentiemodellen Copyleft is a tool that works within copyright law, easing the process of licensing creative works to be used, retooled, and/or shared. For instance, you may have a new piece of software that you would like the general public to be able to build upon and fix bugs within. But under U.S. copyright law you possess the exclusive right to prepare derivative works. If you don't provide your users with a license, they won't be able to do all the things that they should be able to do, like modify and share the work. So while many projects think that simply putting the source code up on a repository is good enough to share their work, unless they choose and apply a license, all their hard work will go to waste. So choosing a good copyleft license that most communicates your intent is of great importance. The GNU General Public License (GPLv3) is a strong copyleft license that ensures not only that users have all the rights they need to share and modify your work, but that every downstream user has those same rights. The GNU Affero General Public License (AGPLv3) is also a strong copyleft license like the GPL, but with an additional provision that ensures that users interacting with modified versions of the code via a network have the opportunity to receive the source code. Finally, the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3) is a weak copyleft license. It allows users to link to the work under their own terms, while still ensuring that downstream users receiving modified versions of the work itself still have their rights intact. “brief” introduction to Copyleft …
Licentiemodellen Copyleft is a tool that works within copyright law, easing the process of licensing creative works to be used, retooled, and/or shared. For instance, you may have a new piece of software that you would like the general public to be able to build upon and fix bugs within. But under U.S. copyright law you possess the exclusive right to prepare derivative works. If you don't provide your users with a license, they won't be able to do all the things that they should be able to do, like modify and share the work. So while many projects think that simply putting the source code up on a repository is good enough to share their work, unless they choose and apply a license, all their hard work will go to waste. So choosing a good copyleft license that most communicates your intent is of great importance. The GNU General Public License (GPLv3) is a strong copyleft license that ensures not only that users have all the rights they need to share and modify your work, but that every downstream user has those same rights. The GNU Affero General Public License (AGPLv3) is also a strong copyleft license like the GPL, but with an additional provision that ensures that users interacting with modified versions of the code via a network have the opportunity to receive the source code. Finally, the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3) is a weak copyleft license. It allows users to link to the work under their own terms, while still ensuring that downstream users receiving modified versions of the work itself still have their rights intact. “brief” introduction to Copyleft … Zonder de juiste licentie kan je product niet gedeeld worden.
FOSS en Benkler’s nieuwe economie “Free software is the most visible part of a new economy of commons-based peer production of information, knowledge, and culture.” - Yochai Benkler, 2003 Harvard Law School, Entrepeneurial Legal Study
Third Industrial Revolution Internet technology and renewable energy are merging to create a powerful "Third Industrial Revolution”. It will create thousands of businesses, millions of jobs, and usher in a fundamental reordering of human relationships, from hierarchical to lateral power, that will impact the way we conduct commerce, govern society, educate our children, and engage in civic life. Jeremy Rifkin, 2011
The Zero Marginal Cost Society We are entering a world beyond markets where we are learning how to live together in an increasingly interdependent global Collaborative Commons. A “sharing” economy where cars (Uber), homes (AirBnb) and knowledge (GitHub, Wikipedia, WikiLeaks) is shared. Jeremy Rifkin, 2014
FOSS • Maatschappelijke verandering => deel economie • Internet maakt de communicatie wereldwijd mogelijk • Informatie is overal beschikbaar • Eenvoudig om software en kennis te delen • Vrijheid om aanpassingen te doen • Machtsverschuiving, van centraal naar decentraal Waarom nu?
FOSS Verdienmodellen • Advertising-supported software (Benkler): Google, Facebook, AdBlock Plus • Professional Services: betalen voor technical support en consultancy (RedHat CloudForms vs ManageIQ en RHEL vs CentOS) • Up-sell: gratis versie met beperkte functionaliteit (MySQL, Dropbox, Evernote) • Non-business use: privé gratis, zakelijk gebruik betaald (Oracle VirtualBox) • Merchandise: verkoop van t-shirts, koffie mokken etc. (Mozilla) • Trademark use: gecertificeerde en ge-authoriseerde resellers (Arduino) • Partnering with funding organizations: overheid, universiteit (Google’s summer of code) • Donations: donaties door gebruikers (Wikipedia) • Delayed open-sourcing: re-licensing na bepaalde periode (MariaDB)
FOSS Valkuilen • Vendor-lock-in: OpenStack met proprietary componenten (HP en Huawei met eigen componenten). Mirantis met hun proprietary deployment (to verify). • Up-sell: gratis versie met beperkte functionaliteit (MySQL, Dropbox, Evernote) • Non-business use: Gratis voor thuisgebruik, betaald voor zakelijk gebruik (Oracle VirtualBox)
FOSS Free software is generally available at no cost and can result in permanently lower TCO costs compared to proprietary software. With free software, businesses can fit software to their specific needs by changing the software themselves or by hiring programmers to modify it for them. Free software often has no warranty, and more importantly, generally does not assign legal liability to anyone. However, warranties are permitted between any two parties upon the condition of the software and its usage. Such an agreement is made separately from the free software license. Business model volgens Wikipedia Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software#Business_model
Discussiepunten • Mag je als KPN Open Source wel gebruiken? • Wat moet inkoop met FOSS ? • Minder software licenties en meer Professional Services – Betekent dit meer of minder IT? • Meer kleine gespecialiseerde leveranciers – Hoe verhoudt zich dit tot leveranciers consolidatie? • Inspanningsverplichting in plaats van Resultaatverplichting – Wat betekent dit voor opdrachtgeverschap vanuit KPN? • Wat zou Open Source in jouw praktijk kunnen betekenen? – Hoe zou dit kunnen bijdragen aan jouw succes? • Open Source, – is het de heilige graal?
FOSDEM ‘17 FOSDEM is a two-day event organised by volunteers to promote the widespread use of free and open source software. FOSDEM is a free and non-commercial event organised by the community for the community. The goal is to provide free and open source software developers and communities a place to meet to: • get in touch with other developers and projects; • be informed about the latest developments in the free software world; • be informed about the latest developments in the open source world; • attend interesting talks and presentations on various topics by project leaders and committers; • to promote the development and benefits of free software and open source solutions. Participation and attendance is totally free, though the organisers gratefully accept donations and sponsorship. Free and Open Source Developers’ European Meeting
Open Source Hardware Educatie • Raspberry Pi • Arduino Open Compute Project (OCP) • Datacenter designs • “design and enable the delivery of the most efficient server, storage and data center hardware designs for scalable computing”
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