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Kennissessie Open Source Software

Kennissessie Open Source Software

Presentatie gegeven aan de afdeling inkoop van KPN.

Albert W. Alberts

April 07, 2017
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  1. Kennissessie Open Source Software
    Wat is OSS en waarom is dit belangrijk?
    Albert W. Alberts, 7 april 2017

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  2. Even voorstellen …
    • KPN sinds jan. 1999:
    – Eerder: HetNet, VoIP, Comet, Bewaarplicht, Wholesale Cloud
    – Nu: CloudNL VMware, ViperNext
    • Senior Cloud Architect (met een software achtergrond)
    • KPN patenten
    • devNetNoord
    • MeetUp
    • Raspberry Pi, Home Automation
    • Zwemmen waterpolo, reizen
    Albert W. Alberts
    https://www.linkedin.com/in/albertalberts/
    @a_w_alberts
    [email protected]
    https://github.com/tisgoud

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  3. Movie
    What is Open Source explained in LEGO
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8fHgx9mE5U

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  4. Wat is Open Source ?
    Open Source verwijst naar dingen die publiekelijk
    beschikbaar zijn, die door mensen met de juiste kennis zijn
    aan te passen en waarbij de wijzigingen ook weer
    publiekelijk beschikbaar worden gemaakt.
    de Jip & Janneke definitie ….

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  5. Wat is Open Source ?
    Open Source verwijst naar dingen die publiekelijk
    beschikbaar zijn, die door mensen met de juiste kennis zijn
    aan te passen en waarbij de wijzigingen ook weer
    publiekelijk beschikbaar worden gemaakt.
    de kenmerken …
    open

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  6. Historie
    Hoe is het ontstaan?

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  7. Open Source Software
    door de jaren heen
    Richard Stallman
    Linus Torvalds

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  8. FOSS
    Free and Open Source Software

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  9. Free vs Open Source Software
    • Open Source Initiative (OSI)
    • Free Software Foundation
    – free software as a matter of liberty, not price
    twee belangrijke organisaties
    Free software is a political movement,
    open source is a development model.
    - Richard Stallman
    Stallman describes his free software movement and the Open Source Initiative as separate
    camps within the same broad free-software community and acknowledged that despite
    philosophical differences, proponents of open source and free software often work together on
    practical projects.

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  10. Gebruik jij FOSS?

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  11. Wie gebruiken er bewust Open Source Software?
    Gebruik jij ook Open Source producten?
    Thuis …
    Op het werk?

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  12. Open Source Software
    Keepass
    Keepass: Free and Open Source, GNU GPLv2+ license
    Op de werkplek …

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  13. Movie
    Open Source Basics
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tyd0FO0tko8

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  14. Free and Open Source Software basisbegrippen
    Recept => Source Code
    Regels => Licenses
    Wijziging o.b.v. origineel => Branche
    Verbetering doorgevoerd in het origineel => Upstream
    Nieuw product o.b.v. het originele product => Fork

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  15. Open Source Rollen
    Maintainers: verantwoordelijk voor het “totaal product”
    Collaborators: verwerken verbeteringen/aanvullingen
    Contributors: aanleveren verbeteringen/aanvullingen
    Users: eindgebruikers
    verschillende rollen, verschillende taken

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  16. Open Source Rollen
    Rollen en regels binnen de Open Source Software context
    Maintainers
    Contributors
    Collaborators
    Users

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  17. Rules of Licenties
    - GNU AGPLv3 - GNU Affero General Public License v3.0
    - GNU GPLv3 - GNU General Public License v3.0
    - GNU LGPLv3 - GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0
    - Mozilla Public License 2.0
    - Apache License 2.0
    - MIT License
    - The Unlicense
    verschillende modellen o.b.v. GitHub
    Sterkste voorwaarden
    GNU AGPLv3:
    Permissions of this strongest copyleft license are conditioned on making available complete source
    code of licensed works and modifications, which include larger works using a licensed work, under the
    same license. Copyright and license notices must be preserved. Contributors provide an express grant
    of patent rights. When a modified version is used to provide a service over a network, the complete
    source code of the modified version must be made available.
    Source: https://choosealicense.com/licenses/

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  18. Licentiemodellen
    GNU
    AGPLv3
    GNU
    GPLv3
    GNU
    LGPLv3
    Mozilla Public
    license 2.0
    Apache
    license 2.0
    MIT License The
    Unlicense
    Commercial Use ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Distribution ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Modification ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Patent Use ● ● ● ● ●
    Private Use ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Disclose Source ● ● ● ●
    License & Copyright Notice ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Network Use is distribution ●
    Same license ● ● ● ●
    State Changes ● ● ● ●
    Liability ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    Trademark Use ●
    Warranty ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
    ● = Permissions ● = Conditions ● = Limitations

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  19. Licentiemodellen
    Copyleft is a tool that works within copyright law, easing the process of licensing creative works to be used, retooled,
    and/or shared.
    For instance, you may have a new piece of software that you would like the general public to be able to build upon and
    fix bugs within. But under U.S. copyright law you possess the exclusive right to prepare derivative works. If you don't
    provide your users with a license, they won't be able to do all the things that they should be able to do, like modify and
    share the work.
    So while many projects think that simply putting the source code up on a repository is good enough to share their work,
    unless they choose and apply a license, all their hard work will go to waste. So choosing a good copyleft license that most
    communicates your intent is of great importance.
    The GNU General Public License (GPLv3) is a strong copyleft license that ensures not only that users have all the rights
    they need to share and modify your work, but that every downstream user has those same rights.
    The GNU Affero General Public License (AGPLv3) is also a strong copyleft license like the GPL, but with an additional
    provision that ensures that users interacting with modified versions of the code via a network have the opportunity to
    receive the source code. Finally, the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3) is a weak copyleft license. It allows
    users to link to the work under their own terms, while still ensuring that downstream users receiving modified versions of
    the work itself still have their rights intact.
    “brief” introduction to Copyleft …

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  20. Licentiemodellen
    Copyleft is a tool that works within copyright law, easing the process of licensing creative works to be used, retooled,
    and/or shared.
    For instance, you may have a new piece of software that you would like the general public to be able to build upon and
    fix bugs within. But under U.S. copyright law you possess the exclusive right to prepare derivative works. If you don't
    provide your users with a license, they won't be able to do all the things that they should be able to do, like modify and
    share the work.
    So while many projects think that simply putting the source code up on a repository is good enough to share their work,
    unless they choose and apply a license, all their hard work will go to waste. So choosing a good copyleft license that most
    communicates your intent is of great importance.
    The GNU General Public License (GPLv3) is a strong copyleft license that ensures not only that users have all the rights
    they need to share and modify your work, but that every downstream user has those same rights.
    The GNU Affero General Public License (AGPLv3) is also a strong copyleft license like the GPL, but with an additional
    provision that ensures that users interacting with modified versions of the code via a network have the opportunity to
    receive the source code. Finally, the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3) is a weak copyleft license. It allows
    users to link to the work under their own terms, while still ensuring that downstream users receiving modified versions of
    the work itself still have their rights intact.
    “brief” introduction to Copyleft …
    Zonder de juiste licentie
    kan je product
    niet gedeeld worden.

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  21. Licentiemodellen
    • Complex
    • Legal taken
    • Niet te onderschatten!
    Rechten en plichten

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  22. FOSS waarom nu?
    Free and Open Source Software

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  23. Huidige status
    Weergegeven in een Gartner Hypecycle

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  24. FOSS en Benkler’s nieuwe economie
    “Free software is the most visible part of a new economy
    of commons-based peer production of information,
    knowledge, and culture.”
    - Yochai Benkler, 2003
    Harvard Law School, Entrepeneurial Legal Study

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  25. Third Industrial Revolution
    Internet technology and renewable energy are
    merging to create a powerful
    "Third Industrial Revolution”.
    It will create thousands of businesses, millions of jobs, and usher
    in a fundamental reordering of human relationships, from
    hierarchical to lateral power, that will impact the way we conduct
    commerce, govern society, educate our children, and engage in
    civic life.
    Jeremy Rifkin, 2011

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  26. The Zero Marginal Cost Society
    We are entering a world beyond markets where
    we are learning how to live together in an
    increasingly interdependent global Collaborative
    Commons.
    A “sharing” economy where cars (Uber), homes (AirBnb) and
    knowledge (GitHub, Wikipedia, WikiLeaks) is shared.
    Jeremy Rifkin, 2014

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  27. FOSS
    • Maatschappelijke verandering => deel economie
    • Internet maakt de communicatie wereldwijd mogelijk
    • Informatie is overal beschikbaar
    • Eenvoudig om software en kennis te delen
    • Vrijheid om aanpassingen te doen
    • Machtsverschuiving, van centraal naar decentraal
    Waarom nu?

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  28. FOSS Verdienmodellen
    er is meer als licentiekosten …

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  29. FOSS Verdienmodellen
    • Advertising-supported software (Benkler): Google, Facebook, AdBlock Plus
    • Professional Services: betalen voor technical support en consultancy (RedHat
    CloudForms vs ManageIQ en RHEL vs CentOS)
    • Up-sell: gratis versie met beperkte functionaliteit (MySQL, Dropbox, Evernote)
    • Non-business use: privé gratis, zakelijk gebruik betaald (Oracle VirtualBox)
    • Merchandise: verkoop van t-shirts, koffie mokken etc. (Mozilla)
    • Trademark use: gecertificeerde en ge-authoriseerde resellers (Arduino)
    • Partnering with funding organizations: overheid, universiteit (Google’s summer
    of code)
    • Donations: donaties door gebruikers (Wikipedia)
    • Delayed open-sourcing: re-licensing na bepaalde periode (MariaDB)

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  30. FOSS Valkuilen
    • Vendor-lock-in: OpenStack met proprietary
    componenten (HP en Huawei met eigen componenten).
    Mirantis met hun proprietary deployment (to verify).
    • Up-sell: gratis versie met beperkte functionaliteit (MySQL,
    Dropbox, Evernote)
    • Non-business use: Gratis voor thuisgebruik, betaald voor
    zakelijk gebruik (Oracle VirtualBox)

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  31. FOSS in de organisatie
    Waar zitten de voordelen?

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  32. FOSS
    Free software is generally available at no cost and can result in permanently
    lower TCO costs compared to proprietary software.
    With free software, businesses can fit software to their specific needs by
    changing the software themselves or by hiring programmers to modify it
    for them.
    Free software often has no warranty, and more importantly, generally does
    not assign legal liability to anyone. However, warranties are permitted
    between any two parties upon the condition of the software and its usage.
    Such an agreement is made separately from the free software license.
    Business model volgens Wikipedia
    Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software#Business_model

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  33. FOSS
    • Geen licentiekosten.
    • Vrijheid in het aanpassen van de software.
    • Community support.
    Pluspunten

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  34. FOSS
    • Investeren in kennis en personeel.
    • Intellectual property wordt community property.
    • Participatie in de community.
    Aandachtspunten

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  35. Wat moeten we als KPN met FOSS ?
    FOSS is niet van voorbijgaande aard

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  36. Software is eating the world …
    But Open Source is eating Software …

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  37. Wat moeten we als KPN met FOSS ?
    • FOSS accepteren en gebruiken (AA)
    • Participeren in de FOSS communities (AA)
    • KPN brede strategie bepalen

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  38. Discussiepunten

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  39. Discussiepunten
    • Mag je als KPN Open Source wel gebruiken?
    • Wat moet inkoop met FOSS ?
    • Minder software licenties en meer Professional Services
    – Betekent dit meer of minder IT?
    • Meer kleine gespecialiseerde leveranciers
    – Hoe verhoudt zich dit tot leveranciers consolidatie?
    • Inspanningsverplichting in plaats van Resultaatverplichting
    – Wat betekent dit voor opdrachtgeverschap vanuit KPN?
    • Wat zou Open Source in jouw praktijk kunnen betekenen?
    – Hoe zou dit kunnen bijdragen aan jouw succes?
    • Open Source,
    – is het de heilige graal?

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  40. Vragen

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  41. Bedankt voor jullie aandacht !

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  42. FOSDEM ‘17
    FOSDEM is a two-day event organised by
    volunteers to promote the widespread use
    of free and open source software.
    FOSDEM is a free and non-commercial event organised by the
    community for the community. The goal is to provide free and
    open source software developers and communities a place to meet to:
    • get in touch with other developers and projects;
    • be informed about the latest developments in the free software world;
    • be informed about the latest developments in the open source world;
    • attend interesting talks and presentations on various topics by project leaders and committers;
    • to promote the development and benefits of free software and open source solutions.
    Participation and attendance is totally free, though the organisers gratefully accept donations and sponsorship.
    Free and Open Source Developers’ European Meeting

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  43. Open Source Hardware
    Educatie
    • Raspberry Pi
    • Arduino
    Open Compute Project (OCP)
    • Datacenter designs
    • “design and enable the delivery of the most efficient server, storage
    and data center hardware designs for scalable computing”

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  44. Sources
    • Demystifying copyleft:
    https://www.fsf.org/bulletin/2015/spring/demystifying-
    copyleft-1
    • Licenses: https://choosealicense.com/licenses/
    https://choosealicense.com/appendix/
    • Open Source Initative: https://opensource.org/osd-
    annotated

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