Introduction to Game Programming

The talk session on Game Programming using Python & PyGame at Pycon India 2016. JNU Convention Centre, New Delhi.

Transcript

1. Introduction to Game Programming PyCon India 2016 Upamanyu Das
2. Me Reviews for Upamanyu: “He’s awesome.” — Upamanyu’s mom “I’ve dated worse.” — Upamanyu’s girlfriend “Who?” — Tim Cook “STOP CALLING ME.” — Wil Shipley Designer / Developer Website – upamanyu.in Same Mindset /das.upamanyu /upamanyudas @cloudstudio
3. You http://bit.ly/pycon-2016-form
4. Now!
5. What to Create?
6. Genre
17. Action Simulation Strategy Puzzle Adventure Multiplayer
18. Final Death Nintendo Hard Mini Game Programming Procedural Content Rock-Paper-Scissors Auto-Scrolling Quicktime Events Physics Stealth Sandbox New Game+ World Altering Character Growth Real-Time Artificial Intelligence T urn-Based
19. Instant Surprise Death Invisible / Vanishing / Moving Platforms Invincible Boss Ice Level Goddamned Bats Hidden Passages Artificial Stupidity No Mercy Invulnerability Zombie Closets Limited Save Points Grind
20. Setting & Theme
21. Aliens Zombies Pirates Medieval Futuristic Space Islands Land Flying Horror Romance Western Space Opera Spies Superhero Steampunk
22. Start small and be ready to Fail!
23. What’s inside a Game? • Multidisciplinary Process • Graphics • Input / Output Control • Game Logic / AI • Sound effects / Music • Communication • Physics, etc • Frameworks / Libraries
24. Building Blocks
25. Basics - Drawing • Drawing primitives • Pixels, Square, Rect, Ellipse, etc • Provided by development environment
26. Basics - Animation • Draw things • Change their positon • Draw them again • Repeat
27. Basics - Animation • Draw things • Change their positon • Draw them again • Repeat
28. Basics - Animation • Draw things • Change their positon • Draw them again • Repeat
29. Basics - Animation • Draw things • Change their positon • Draw them again • Repeat
30. Basics - Animation • Draw things • Change their positon • Draw them again • Repeat
32. Basics - Animation
33. Basics - Animation
34. Basics - Surfaces • Drawing primitives use algorithms • Slow for repetitive work
35. Basics - Surfaces • Drawing primitives use algorithms • Slow for repetitive work
36. Basics - Surfaces • How do we save time?
37. Basics - Surfaces • How do we save time? A Surface / Bitmap
38. Basics - Surfaces • How do we save time? RAM
39. Basics - Surfaces • How do we save time? RAM
40. Basics - Surfaces • Bitmaps • Rectangular • CPU Inexpensive
41. Basics - Surfaces • Bitmaps • Rectangular • CPU Inexpensive • Can be layered Sky layer Trees Characters
42. Basics - Animation Again! • Monitors have refresh rate • Can’t draw so many surfaces on live screen • How do we make it smooth? • How do we sync?
43. Basics - Animation Again! • Draw on a buffer surface
44. Basics - Animation Again! • Draw on a buffer surface • Wait for vertical sync
45. Basics - Animation Again! • Draw on a buffer surface • Wait for vertical sync • Transfer the whole buffer to screen
46. Collision Detection
47. 4 Common Approaches
48. Collision Detection Axis-Aligned Bounding Box
49. Collision Detection Axis-Aligned Bounding Box
50. Collision Detection Axis-Aligned Bounding Box
51. Collision Detection Circle-Circle
52. Collision Detection Circle-Circle
53. Collision Detection Circle-Circle
54. Collision Detection Hash Map d = {(42,42): [ship], (43, 42): [ship], (44, 42): ship, … (52, 45): [asteroid], (53, 45): [asteroid], ...}
55. Collision Detection Pixel Perfect
56. Sounds
57. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VULldovIhm8
58. Game Architecture • Player lives • Game won / game over screen • Opening screen • Options menu
59. Let’s construct a Game!
61. SCORE: 0 SCORE: 0 SCORE: 0 SCORE: 1 SCORE: 1 GAME OVER Game Logic
62. Pygame is a Python wrapper around the SDL library (Simple DirectMedia Layer) with a few unique libraries with an emphasis on game programming, written by Pete Shinners. http://pygame.org/
63. Demo https://github.com/upamanyudas/snake http://youtube.com/UpamanyuDas
64. Packaging • Windows Executable • OS X Application • Android App
65. Windows Executable • install: 32-bit Python 2.7 (NOT 64-bit) pygame 1.9.1 py2exe • still mostly undocumented :( (the info is in GeneralTipsAndTricks) • cross fingers
66. py2exe for snake.py import py2exe from distutils.core import setup # override the system DLL detection to allow some pygame font-related DLLs origIsSystemDLL = py2exe.build_exe.isSystemDLL def isSystemDLL(pathname): if os.path.basename(pathname).lower() in ("sdl_ttf.dll", "libfreetype-6.dll"): return False return origIsSystemDLL(pathname) py2exe.build_exe.isSystemDLL = isSystemDLL dist_dir = os.path.join('dist', 'snakesnake') data_dir = dist_dir class Target: script = 'snake.py' dest_base = 'snake' # set the executable name to 'match3' setup( options={'py2exe': {'dist_dir': dist_dir, 'bundle_files': 1}}, windows=[Target], )
67. py2exe for snake.py import os import shutil import glob import fnmatch # define our data files data = [] for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk('.'): data.extend(os.path.join(dirpath, fn) for fn in filenames if fnmatch(fn, '*.png')) data.extend(glob.glob('*.ttf')) data.extend(glob.glob(‘*.txt')) dest = data_dir for fname in data: dname = os.path.join(dest, fname) if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(dname)): os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dname)) if not os.path.isdir(fname): shutil.copy(fname, dname)
68. OS X Application • pip install py2app • py2applet --make-setup main.py • ... and it broke in many ways
69. pyInstaller for snake • Unpack pyinstaller and work it that directory • python pyinstaller.py -n snake -w snake.py • edit snake/snake.SPEC file • python pyinstaller.py -y snake/snake.spec • profit!
70. Android PyGame Subset 4 Android android.py build <game> release install Kivy / python-for-android python build.py <flags> release
71. Kivy <flags>, oh yes! python build.py \ --package net.mechanicalcat.match3 \ --name 'Match 3' \ --version 1.2.6 --numeric-version 126 \ --private ~/src/match3 \ --orientation portrait \ --icon ~/src/match3/data/android-icon.png \ --presplash ~/src/match3/data/android-presplash.jpg \ --blacklist blacklist.txt \ --sdk 14 \ release
72. Thank You! Upamanyu Das CEO, Co-founder, CLOUDSTUDIO http://upamanyu.in upamanyu.das@gmail.com upamanyu@upamanyu.in