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Data on the Web
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Will Farrington
June 08, 2011
Technology
3
190
Data on the Web
It's an intro to data on the web for some folks new to web development.
Will Farrington
June 08, 2011
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Transcript
Data on the Web Will Farrington
File I/O
File I/O • Minimal reusability • No "correct" format •
Hard to maintain • Prone to problems caused by encoding changes
Standardize
CSV
Comma Separated Values
CSV • Used for tabular data • Small footprint •
Widely recognized and supported format • Many different flavors • Support in database systems and spreadsheets
Example CSV Id,Name,Desc,Points,Due 1,Homework 1,Nothing special,15,6/7/2011 15,"Project, número uno",,100,6/21/2001
XML
Extensible Markup Language
XML • Open, standard specification • Unicode-friendly • Came to
prominence with Java and .NET • Widely used on the web • Good at representing tree-like data
Example XML <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <statuses type="array"> <status> <created_at>Tue Jun
07 21:30:50 +0000 2011</created_at> <id>78212343649140736</id> <text>@skalnik Looks good.</text> <source><a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/twitter/id409789998?mt=12" rel="nofollow">Twitter for Mac</a></source> <truncated>false</truncated> <favorited>false</favorited> <in_reply_to_status_id>78211453777231872</in_reply_to_status_id> <in_reply_to_user_id>15878923</in_reply_to_user_id> <in_reply_to_screen_name>skalnik</in_reply_to_screen_name> <retweet_count>0</retweet_count> <retweeted>false</retweeted> <user> <id>10403812</id> </user> <geo/> <coordinates/> <place/> <contributors/> </status> </statuses>
Criticisms of XML • Very verbose • Parsers can be
extremely complicated • Does not map well to some type systems • Does not represent highly structured data well
JSON
JavaScript Object Notation
JSON • Based on a subset of JavaScript circa 2003
• Lightweight • Simple to parse • Designed to be human-readable • Well-suited to structured data as well as trees
Example JSON [{ "coordinates":null, "created_at":"Tue Jun 07 21:30:50 +0000 2011",
"truncated":false, "favorited":false, "contributors":null, "text":"@skalnik Looks good.", "id":78212343649140736, "retweet_count":0, "geo":null, "retweeted":false, "in_reply_to_user_id":15878923, "source":"<a href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/twitter/id409789998?mt=12\" rel= \"nofollow\">Twitter for Mac</a>", "place":null, "in_reply_to_screen_name":"skalnik", "user":{"id":10403812}, "in_reply_to_status_id":78211453777231872 }]
More on JSON • eval() (is bad) • JSON.parse() •
Built-in browser support • Popular for AJAX: both single-domain and cross-domain
JSONP • JSON with Padding • Used for cross-domain requests
• Alternative to Cross-Origin Resource Sharing • Only supports GET
BSON • Binary JSON • Superset of JSON • Used
by MongoDB for storage of binary data
YAML
YAML Ain't Markup Language
YAML • Not often used over the network • Popular
for configuration files • Human-readable • Data-oriented • No execution means no injection
Example YAML --- - coordinates: created_at: Tue Jun 07 21:30:50
+0000 2011 truncated: false favorited: false contributors: text: "@skalnik Looks good." id: 78212343649140736 retweet_count: 0 geo: retweeted: false in_reply_to_user_id: 15878923 source: <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/twitter/id409789998?mt=12" rel="nofollow">Twitter for Mac</a> place: in_reply_to_screen_name: skalnik user: id: 10403812 in_reply_to_status_id: 78211453777231872
What to do with all these formats?
APIs
Application Programming Interfaces
APIs • Websites tell you what formats they support •
Websites document their URL structure • Developers use these APIs to integrate products • You can even consume your own APIs
But...
Not everyone offers APIs
What do?
Screen-scraping
Screen-scraping • Requests the full HTML for a page •
Parses out the content you want • Slow • Website layout may change and break yours
Demo!
Questions?
Will Farrington
[email protected]
http://speakerdeck.com/u/wfarr