歴史から学ぶ現代のフロントエンド

ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ αΠϘ΢ζגࣜձࣾ 5PTIJIJTB5PNBUTV ϑϩϯτΤϯυΧϯϑΝϨϯε෱Ԭ

֎দढ़ঘ 5PTIJIJTB5PNBUTV αΠϘ΢ζגࣜձࣾ ϑϩϯτΤϯυΤΩεύʔτνʔϜ ೥͔ΒϑϩϯτΤϯυΛ࢝Ίͨ ౦ژˠѪඤ !UPTIJUPNB
!UPTIJ@@UPNB 2

ΞδΣϯμ ͸͡Ίʹ ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυͱ͸ʁ 6*ϥΠϒϥϦ +BWB4DSJQUʹͱͬͯͷϞδϡʔϧ "45ͱपลπʔϧ ·ͱΊ 3

ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ 4

ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ 5

͍·ϑϩϯτΤϯυΛ΍Δͱ༷ʑͳٕज़΍ϥΠϒϥϦͱग़ձ͏ ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃ ྫ 6 JNQPSUFYQPSU ೥ 3FBDU 3FEVY XFCQBDL #BCFM
+FTU 1SFUUJFS &4-JOU $44JO+4 OQN &$."4DSJQU 5ZQF4DSJQU ʁ ʁ

+FTU 1SFUUJFS &4-JOU $44JO+4 OQN &$."4DSJQU 5ZQF4DSJQU ʁ ʁ ੩తܕ෇͚ ৽͍͠࢓༷ ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ 6* &4.PEVMFT Ϟδϡʔϧόϯυϥʔ τϥϯεύΠϥ ςετ ϑΥʔϚολʔ -JOUFS ελΠϦϯά ύοέʔδ؅ཧ

೥ʹ࢝ΊͨϑϩϯτΤϯυ ༷ʑͳπʔϧ΍ϥΠϒϥϦ͕࢖ΘΕ͍ͯͨ ͳΜͱͳ͘ศརͦ͏ͳ͜ͱ͸෼͔Δ͚Ͳ ͳͥඞཁͳΜͩΖ͏ʁ͜ΕೖΕͳ͍ͱͩΊͳͷʁ υΩϡϝϯτʹ͸͋·Γॻ͔Ε͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨ Ͳ͜Λௐ΂ͨΒ͍͍ΜͩΖ͏ʁ 8

೥ʹ࢝ΊͨϑϩϯτΤϯυ ༷ʑͳπʔϧ΍ϥΠϒϥϦ͕࢖ΘΕ͍ͯͨ ͳΜͱͳ͘ศརͦ͏ͳ͜ͱ͸෼͔Δ͚Ͳ ͳͥඞཁͳΜͩΖ͏ʁ͜ΕೖΕͳ͍ͱͩΊͳͷʁ υΩϡϝϯτʹ͸͋·Γॻ͔Ε͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨ Ͳ͜Λௐ΂ͨΒ͍͍ΜͩΖ͏ʁ Ͳ͏΍͍ͬͯ·΁ͷཧղΛਂΊΔʁ 9

ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ 10

ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ 11

“มߋલͱมߋޙΛൺֱͯ͠ɺͲ͏มΘͬͨͷ͔ɺ  ͳͥมΘͬͨͷ͔Λߟ͑Δ͜ͱͰཧղ͕ਂ·Γ·͢ɻ” –ʮΤϯδχΞͷ஌తੜ࢈ज़ ―ޮ཰తʹֶͼɺ੔ཧ͠ɺΞ΢τϓοτ͢Δʯ੢ඌ ହ࿨ (ஶ) ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ ΑΓ 12

ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ ݱ୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃͰ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔٕज़΍ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ ͳͥඞཁͳͷ͔ʁ աڈͷͲ͏͍ͬͨ໰୊Λղܾ͢ΔͨΊʹੜ·Εͨͷ͔Λ஌Γɺ ͍·ͱൺֱ͢Δ ྺ࢙Λֶ΂͹ɺ͍·Λਂ͘ཧղͰ͖Δ 13

αΠϘ΢ζͱ8FCϑϩϯτΤϯυ ೥͔Β#UP#ͷ8FCαʔϏεΛఏڙ ϓϩμΫτͷϑϩϯτΤϯυ͸ϨΨγʔ͔ΒϞμϯͳελοΫ ·Ͱ෯޿͍ 14

ϑϩϯτΤϯυΤΩεύʔτνʔϜ ϑϩϯτΤϯυΤΩεύʔτνʔϜͷ໾ׂ ֤ϓϩμΫτ๊͕͑Δ໰୊Λ୳ٻͯ͠ղܾ ࠷৽ٕज़ΛΩϟονΞοϓͯ͠ϓϩμΫτͰͷ׆༻Λ୳Δ FUD ϓϩμΫτΛԣஅͯ͠ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷ໰୊ͷղܾΛߦͳ͏ 15

16 IUUQTCMPHDZCP[VJPFOUSZ

αΠϘ΢ζ ϑϩϯτΤϯυ αΠϘ΢ζ աڈ͔Β͍· ೥ ͷ8FCϑϩϯτΤϯυ ϑϩϯτΤϯυΤΩεύʔτνʔϜ ԣஅ૊৫ͱͯ͠ɺ༷ʑͳϓϩμΫτʹؔΘΔ ৭ʑͳ࣌୅ͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΛ஌Εͨ 17

ࠓ೔ͷηογϣϯ ࣗ෼͸ྺ࢙ͷ౰ࣄऀͰ͸ͳ͍ ྺ࢙͕௕͍αΠϘ΢ζͷϓϩμΫτΛ௨ͯ͠ྺ࢙Λݟͨ ్த͔ΒࠓͷϑϩϯτΤϯυʹࢀೖͨ͠ ͍·ͷʮͳͥ͜͏ͳ͍ͬͯΔͷ͔ʯͱ͍͏ࢹ఺Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔ ѻ͏ٕज़΍આ໌͸ɺࣗ෼ͷܦݧʹد͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷ΋͋Γ·͢ 18

ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷʮ͍·ʯΛྺ࢙͔Βݟͯɺʮ͍·ͷٕज़ʯͷ ඞཁੑ΍ϝϦοτΛਂ΅Δ ओʹ6*ϥΠϒϥϦɺϞδϡʔϧɺ"45ͱपลπʔϧ ֤ٕज़͕ͲΜͳ໰୊Λղܾͯ͘͠ΕΔͷ͔ ಛʹ࠷ۙɺϑϩϯτΤϯυΛ࢝Ίͨਓ͕ʮ͍·ʯΛཧղ͢Δख ॿ͚͕Ͱ͖Δͱخ͍͠ 19

6*ϥΠϒϥϦ

ݱ୅6*ϥΠϒϥϦ 3FBDU΍7VFɺ"OHVMBSͳͲͷϥΠϒϥϦ΍ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ࠓճ͸ɺࣗ෼ͷܦݧ্3FBDUΛϕʔεʹߟ͑ͯΈΔ 3FBDU એݴతʹ6*Λهड़ 7JSUVBM%0. 21

࠷ॳͷٙ໰ ʮK2VFSZͷ࣌͸ʯͬͯΑ͘ฉ͚͘ͲԿ͕มΘͬͨͷʁ એݴతͬͯͳʹʁ 7JSUVBM%0.ͬͯͳΜ͔ੌͦ͏͚ͩͲɺԿ͕خ͍͠ͷʁ 22

6*ϥΠϒϥϦʹ͍ͭͯ ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ

ਓ͕ؒ%0.Λૢ࡞Λ͍ͯͨ͠ %0."1* EPDVNFOUYY K2VFSZ %0.ͷࢦఆ΍ૢ࡞ɺ"KBYͳͲ͕؆୯ʹͳͬͨ ໋ྩతͳهड़Ͱ6*ͷߏங΍%0.ૢ࡞ 24

%0."1* 25 +BWB4DSJQU )5.-

K2VFSZ 26 +BWB4DSJQU )5.-

K2VFSZ 27 +BWB4DSJQU )5.- ঢ়ଶ͸%0.ʹ͋Δ͚ͩ

7.7$ #BDLCPOF.7$Ͱͷߏ଄ԽΛఏڙ σʔλ΍ϩδοΫΛ.PEFMͱͯ͠੾Γग़͢ %0.ͷߋ৽ͱσʔλͷߋ৽͕໌֬ʹ .PEFMͱ7JFXͷ࣮૷ %0.͔ΒͷΠϕϯτΛ؂ࢹͯ͠σʔλΛߋ৽ σʔλ͕ߋ৽͞ΕͨΒ%0.Λߋ৽͢Δ 28

໰୊ %0.ͷߋ৽ॲཧ͕ෳࡶ ݱࡏͷ%0.ͷঢ়ଶΛཧղͯ͠ɺ࣍ʹͲ͏͍͏ঢ়ଶʹ͢Δ͔ ෆཁͳ%0.ૢ࡞͸ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷϘτϧωοΫʹͳΔ ࠶ඳը΍ϦϑϩʔͳͲ ৑௕ͳهड़ʹΑΔίʔυͷෳࡶԽ 7JFXͷߋ৽΍.PEFMͷߋ৽ॲཧ 29

໰୊ %0.ͷߋ৽ॲཧ͕ෳࡶ ݱࡏͷ%0.ͷঢ়ଶΛཧղ্ͨ͠Ͱɺ࣍ʹͲ͏͍͏ঢ়ଶʹ͢ Δ͔ॻ͘ ৑௕ͳهड़ʹΑΔίʔυͷෳࡶԽ ෆཁͳ%0.ૢ࡞͸ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷϘτϧωοΫʹͳΔ ෆཁͳ࠶ඳը΍ϦϑϩʔͳͲ 30 ϢʔβʔΠϯλϥΫγϣϯ͕ଟ͘ͳΔͱ ΑΓ໰୊ʹͳΔ

σʔλόΠϯσΟϯά "OHVMBS+4ɺ,OPDLPVUɺFUD XBZEBUBCJOEJOH 7JFX͕ߋ৽͞ΕͨΒ.PEFM΋ߋ৽ .PEFM͕ߋ৽͞ΕͨΒ7JFX΋ߋ৽ ඞཁͳ%0.ૢ࡞΍σʔλߋ৽ΛϥΠϒϥϦ͕΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ 31

)5.-Λ֦ு "OHVMBS+4ɺ,OPDLPVUɺFUD )5.-Λ֦ுͯ͠%0.ૢ࡞΍ଐੑͷߋ৽ͳͲΛදݱ 6*ͷߏங΍มߋΛɺ+4Λॻ͔ͣʹ࣮ݱ )5.-Ͱͷهड़ྫ OHNPEFM OHDMJDL OHSFQFBU \\GPPUJUMF^^ \\
^^ 32

"OHVMBS+4 33 +BWB4DSJQU )5.-

ղܾ͞Εͨ͜ͱ ίʔυྔ͕ݮͬͯɺهड़͕؆ܿʹ ਓ͕ؒ৑௕ͳ%0.ͷߋ৽ॲཧΛॻ͔ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ 7JFXͱ.PEFMΛඥ෇͚ΔίʔυΛهड़͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ 34

ղܾ͞Εͨ͜ͱ ίʔυྔ͕ݮͬͯɺهड़͕؆ܿʹ ਓ͕ؒ৑௕ͳ%0.ͷߋ৽ॲཧΛॻ͔ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ 7JFXͱ.PEFMΛඥ෇͚ΔίʔυΛهड़͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ 35 ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷن໛͕େ͖͘ͳΔͱʁ

໰୊ .PEFMͷߋ৽ σʔλͷߋ৽͕҉໧తʹߦΘΕΔͷͰ  Կ͕ى͖Δͷ͔Λ೺Ѳ͢Δͷ͕ࠔ೉ Ͳ͜ͰมΘͬͨʁͳͲσʔλͷྲྀΕΛ௥͏ͷ͕ෳࡶʹ )5.-Λ֦ு͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰσόοά͕ਏ͍ όΠϯσΟϯά͢ΔΦϒδΣΫτ͕૿͑ΔͱύϑΥʔϚϯεʹӨڹ  %JSUZDIFDLJOH 36

ݱ୅3FBDU ୯ํ޲ͷόΠϯσΟϯά ঢ়ଶʹԠͯ͡%0.͕ࣗಈͰ൓ө͞ΕΔ .7 7JFXͷΠϕϯτʹԠͯ͡ঢ়ଶ TUBUF Λߋ৽͢Δ 7.
એݴతͳ6*ͷهड़ TUBUFʹରͯ͠ɺ͜͏͋Δ΂͖ͱ͍͏ݟͨ໨Λॻ͚ͩ͘ ঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ίϯϙʔωϯτΛ࡞ΕΔ 37

ݱ୅3FBDU 7JSUVBM%0. %0.5SFFΛ+4ͷΦϒδΣΫτͰදݱ͠ɺࠩ෼Λ࣮ࡍͷ%0. ʹࣗಈͰ൓ө͢Δ ίϯϙʔωϯτࢥߟ ࠶ར༻ੑ 7JFXͱ.PEFMͷείʔϓ͕໌֬ʹͳΔ ΧϓηϧԽ 38

3FBDU 39 +BWB4DSJQU )5.-

ղܾ͞Εͨ΋ͷ 6*Λએݴతʹهड़Ͱ͖Δ ঢ়ଶʹԠͯ͡ɺͲΜͳݟͨ໨ʹͳΔ͔Λཧղ͢Δͷ͕༰қ ໌ࣔతʹTUBUFΛߋ৽͢ΔͷͰॲཧ͕௥͍΍͍͢ %0.ૢ࡞ʹΑΔύϑΥʔϚϯε௿ԼΛ͋·Γҙࣝ͠ͳͯ͘΋ ͋Δఔ౓ͷύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ग़Δ +BWB4DSJQUϕʔεͳͷͰσόοά͕͠΍͍͢ 40

ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ ࠓ೔͸͕࣌ؒ଍Γͳ͍ͷͰɺࠓ೥ॻ͔Εͨ!LPCB͞Μͷه ࣄΛݟΔͷ͕ྑ͍Ͱ͢ 41 IUUQTFNQMPZNFOUFOKBQBODPNFOHJOFFSIVCFOUSZ

+BWB4DSJQUʹͱͬͯͷ  Ϟδϡʔϧ 42

ݱ୅Ϟδϡʔϧ &$."4DSJQU.PEVMFT &4. Ϟδϡʔϧ͝ͱʹϑΝΠϧΛ෼ׂ JNQPSUYYGSPNlYYzFYQPSUYY XFCQBDL ϞδϡʔϧόϯυϥʔΛ࢖͍ґଘղܾ ෳ਺ͷϞδϡʔϧΛ·ͱΊͨ+BWB4DSJQUϑΝΠϧΛੜ੒ 43

࠷ॳͷٙ໰ SFRVJSF ͬͯԿʁJNQPSUFYQPSU΋͋Δ͚Ͳ &4.͕ϒϥ΢βʹ࣮૷͞Εͨʁ XFCQBDLͬͯԿͰ͍Δͷʁ ͳΜͰͭͷ+4ʹ·ͱΊΔͷʁ&4.͸ͦͷ··࢖͑ͳ͍ͷʁ 44

Ϟδϡʔϧͷඞཁੑ +BWB4DSJQUʹݶΒͣɺϞδϡʔϧ͝ͱʹϑΝΠϧΛ෼ׂͨ͠ ͘ͳΔ ໊લۭؒϞδϡʔϧ͝ͱʹείʔϓΛ͍࣋ͨͤͨ Ϟδϡʔϧͷ࠶ར༻VUJM΍ڞ௨ॲཧΛ࠶ར༻͢Δ FUD 45

Ϟδϡʔϧʹ͍ͭͯ ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ

ϞδϡʔϧγεςϜ͕ແ͔ͬͨ άϩʔόϧΦϒδΣΫτΛར༻͢ΔΞϓϩʔν ؔ਺ͳͲΛάϩʔόϧΦϒδΣΫτʹ୅ೖ ར༻͢Δ৔߹͸άϩʔόϧΦϒδΣΫτ͔Β ෼ׂ͞Εͨ+4ϑΝΠϧΛద੾ͳॱ൪Ͱ  ɹTDSJQUλάΛॻ͘  ɹɹɹPS  ɹͭͷϑΝΠϧʹ݁߹ HSVOU HVMQ
47

XJOEPXܦ༝ͰϞδϡʔϧΛڞ༗ 48 IUUQTHJUIVCDPNUBTUFKTUPEPNWDCMPCNBTUFSFYBNQMFTWBOJMMBKTJOEFYIUNM IFMQFSKT BQQKT JOEFYIUNM

໰୊ άϩʔόϧΦϒδΣΫτҎԼͰ໊લۭؒͷিಥ͸ى͜Γ͏Δ ϥΠϒϥϦ΍ࣗ෼ͷϞδϡʔϧͳͲ ֤Ϟδϡʔϧͷґଘؔ܎Λ஌͍ͬͯΔ೺Ѳ͍ͯ͠Δඞཁ͕͋Δ 49

ϞδϡʔϧγεςϜ ಠࣗͷϞδϡʔϧγεςϜΛར༻ ".% 3FRVJSF+4 EFpOF SFRVJSF $PNNPO+4 #SPXTFSJGZ
SFRVJSF NPEVMFFYQPSUT ಠࣗͷϞδϡʔϧγεςϜΛղܾ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻ 50

$PNNPO+4 #SPXTFSJGZ $PNNPO+4ͷϞδϡʔϧγεςϜ /PEFKTͰ࠾༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ #SPXTFSJGZ Ϟδϡʔϧͷґଘղܾ ͭͷ+4ϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒ OPEFͷίΞϞδϡʔϧ΋ϒϥ΢βͰಈ࡞͢Δ 51

52 IFMQFSKT BQQKT CVOEMFKT $PNNPO+4 #SPXTFSJGZ

53 CVOEMFKT JOEFYIUNM $PNNPO+4 #SPXTFSJGZ

ղܾ͞Εͨ͜ͱ άϩʔόϧͰͷ໊લۭؒͷিಥ શମͷґଘؔ܎Λҙࣝ͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ ར༻͢ΔϞδϡʔϧΛ໌ࣔͰ͖Δ ґଘ͕໌֬ʹͳΔ 54

ͦͷࠒͷ໰୊ ඪ४Ͱ͸ͳ͍ϞδϡʔϧγεςϜ /PEFKTͰ͸$PNNPO+4Ͱॻ͘ ϒϥ΢β͸ม׵ͨ͠ίʔυΛಡΈࠐΉ ϑϩϯτΤϯυͰ࢖͑Δඪ४ͷϞδϡʔϧͷࡦఆ͸ʁ γϯλοΫεͳͲ͸&$."4DSJQUͰܾ·ͬͨ &4 ϒϥ΢βͰͲ͏Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ಡΈࠐ·ΕΔ͔ )5.-
͸  ͳ͔ͳ͔ܾ·Βͳ͔ͬͨ ͍·͸࣮૷ࡁ 55

ͦͷࠒͷ໰୊ ඪ४Ͱ͸ͳ͍ϞδϡʔϧγεςϜ /PEFKTͰ͸$PNNPO+4Ͱॻ͘ ϒϥ΢β͸ม׵ͨ͠ίʔυΛಡΈࠐΉ ϑϩϯτΤϯυͰ࢖͑Δඪ४ͷϞδϡʔϧͷࡦఆ͸ʁ γϯλοΫεͳͲ͸&$."4DSJQUͰܾ·ͬͨ &4 ϒϥ΢βͰͲ͏Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ಡΈࠐ·ΕΔ͔ )5.-
͸  ͳ͔ͳ͔ܾ·Βͳ͔ͬͨ ͍·͸࣮૷ࡁ 56 &$."4DSJQU.PEVMFT

ݱ୅&4.XFCQBDL &$."4DSJQU.PEVMFT &4. &$."4DSJQUͰϞδϡʔϧͷγϯλοΫε͕ܾ·ͬͨ TDSJQUλάUZQFlNPEVMFzͰͦͷ··ಈ͘ʂ *&Ҏ֎ͷओཁϒϥ΢β͸αϙʔτ XFCQBDL Ϟδϡʔϧόϯυϥʔʴ#SPXTFSJGZʹແ͔ͬͨศརͳػೳ 57

ωΠςΠϒͷ&4.͕࢖͑Δͷ͸ʁ IUUQTWEFWGFBUVSFTNPEVMFTQFSGPSNBODF 58 +BWB4DSJQUNPEVMFTcW ։ൃ؀ڥ 1SPEVDUJPO ɾϞδϡʔϧະຬ ɾґଘπϦʔͷਂ͕͞࠷େະຬ ͷখ͍͞ΞϓϦ

&4. XFCQBDLΛ࢖͏ཧ༝ᶃ όϯυϧͤͣʹ&4.Ͱಈతʹґଘղܾ͢Δͱʁ ֤+4ϑΝΠϧΛΩϟογϡͰ͖Δ͔Βྑͦ͞͏ ίωΫγϣϯ਺͸େ෯ʹ૿͑Δ )551ʹͳΕ͹ղܾ͢Δʁ ಉ࣌ίωΫγϣϯ਺ͷ໰୊͸ղܾ͢Δ ϥ΢ϯυτϦοϓͷ໰୊͕࢒Δ 59

60 JOEFYIUNM JOEFYKT GPPKT CBSKT

61 JOEFYIUNM JOEFYKT GPPKT CBSKT ࣄલʹͭͷ+4ʹ·ͱΊͨํ͕ྑͦ͞͏

&4. XFCQBDLΛ࢖͏ཧ༝ᶄ &4.͸੩తͳγϯλοΫεͱͯ͠ఆ͍ٛͯ͠Δ ಈతͳॻ͖ํ͸γϯλοΫεΤϥʔ &4.Ͱॻ͍ͯɺXFCQBDLͰࣄલʹόϯυϧ͢ΔԸܙ 5SFF4IBLJOHͳͲͷ੩తղੳͷԸܙΛड͚Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 62

&4. XFCQBDLΛ࢖͏ཧ༝ᶄ $PNNPO+4ͷϞδϡʔϧ ؔ਺΍ΦϒδΣΫτͳͷͰϥϯλΠϜʹґଘ ಈత ґଘؔ܎Λࣄલʹղੳ͢Δͷ͕ࠔ೉ ྫ ߏจతʹਖ਼͍͠ 63

"45ͱपลπʔϧ 64

ݱ୅"45ϕʔεͷπʔϧ &4-JOU΍1SFUUJFSɺ#BCFMͳͲ "45Λϕʔεʹͨ͠πʔϧ͕ϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃͰଟ͘ར༻ "45͸ଞͷϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰ΋࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ Ϣʔβʔͱͯ͠͸͋·Γฉ͔ͳ͍ؾ͕͢Δ ίϯύΠϥ΍ίʔυੜ੒ͩͱ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ͚Ͳ 65

-JOUFSΛྫʹߟ͑ͯΈΔ ͍·͸+BWB4DSJQU΍5ZQF4DSJQUͷ-JOUFS͸&4-JOU ੲ͸+4-JOU΍+4)JOUͱ͍͏-JOUFS͕ओྲྀ Կ͕ҧ͏ʁ Ͳ͏ศརʹͳͬͨʁ 66

"45ϕʔεͷπʔϧʹ͍ͭͯ ྺ࢙͔ΒֶͿ

+4)JOU ಠࣗͷ಺෦ॲཧͰίʔυΛύʔεͯ͠νΣοΫ จࣈྻૢ࡞΍ਖ਼نදݱͳͲ ϥΠϒϥϦʹ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΔϧʔϧΛ0/0''͢Δ "45ϕʔεͰ͸ͳ͍ 68

"45 "45 "CTUSBDU4ZOUBY5SFF ந৅ߏจ໦ ιʔείʔυͷߏจΛղੳ͠ɺͦΕΛ໦ߏ଄Ͱදݱͨ͠΋ͷ 69 WBSB +40/

"451BSTFS ࠷ॳ͸4QJEFS.POLFZ͕1BSTFS"1*ͱ࣮ͯ͠૷ ͜ΕΛϕʔεʹϥΠϒϥϦͱͯ͠"45ͷ1BSTFS͕։ൃ͞Εͨ &TQSJNB "DPSO 70

౰࣌ͷ໰୊ ৽͍͠ߏจͷαϙʔτ &$."4DSJQU9999 +49 1BSTFS͝ͱʹࡉ͔͍"45ͷѻ͍ͷҧ͍ 71

ϑϩϯτΤϯυʹͱͬͯͷ"45 ϑϩϯτΤϯυ͸ϒϥ΢βͷޓ׵ੑͱͷઓ͍ τϥϯεύΠϧ΍DPNQJMF͕Ұൠత ίʔυͷม׵ॲཧ͸ॏཁͳ΋ͷͰ͋Γ਎ۙͳଘࡏ ੵۃతʹ"45΍पลͷΤίγεςϜ͕ҭͭഎܠ͕͋Δ 72

"45ͷൃల ίϛϡχςΟͰ+BWB4DSJQUͷ"45Λඪ४Խ &4USFF +49΍&4ͷ৽͍͠ߏจͷαϙʔτ &4QSFF &4-JOUͰར༻ #BCZMPO !CBCFMQBSTFS #BCFMͰར༻
73

ݱ୅&4-JOU "45ͷਐԽʹΑΓɺ&4-JOU͕ੜ·Εͨ +4)JOU&4-JOU "45ϕʔεͷ-JOUFS ύʔεͨ͠"45Λ΋ͱʹɺϊʔυʹରԠͨ͠ϧʔϧΛ࣮ߦ ϧʔϧ͸1MVHJOͱͯ͠ఏڙ ϧʔϧΛࣗ࡞ͯ͠ΈΜͳͰڞ༗͢Δ͜ͱ΋Մೳʹ 74

&4-JOU 75 IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFTMJOUFTMJOUUSFFNBTUFSMJCSVMFT IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFTMJOUFTMJOUCMPCNBTUFSMJCSVMFTOPWBSKT

&4-JOUҠߦ ࣮ࡍʹ+4)JOU͔Β&4-JOU΁ͷҠߦΛ΍ͬͨ ϧʔϧ͸ͦͷ·· ྑ͘ͳͬͨ͜ͱ +4)JOUͰ࿙ΕͯͨνΣοΫ͕͋ͬͨͷ͕ݫີʹͳͬͨ +49΍৽͍͠ߏจͷαϙʔτ 1SFTFUΛར༻Մೳ ϧʔϧΛࣗ࡞Ͱ͖Δ 76

"45ͷൃలʹΑΓ σϑΝΫτతͳϑΥʔϚολʔʮ1SFUUJFSʯ ਓ͕ؒϑΥʔϚοτΛҙࣝ͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͘ͳͬͨ ଞͷ"45ϕʔεͷπʔϧ #BCFM΍5ZQF4DSJQUɺXFCQBDLͳͲ͓ͳ͡Έͷπʔϧ "45ͷपลπʔϧ͕ॆ࣮͍ͯ͠ΔϑϩϯτΤϯυ ίʔυม׵ͳͲීஈͷ։ൃͰ௅ઓͯ͠ΈΔͱྑͦ͞͏ 77

͍͞͝ʹ 78

+FTU 1SFUUJFS &4-JOU $44JO+4 OQN &$."4DSJQU 5ZQF4DSJQU ʁ ʁ ੩తܕ෇͚ ৽͍͠࢓༷ ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ 6* &4.PEVMFT Ϟδϡʔϧόϯυϥʔ τϥϯεύΠϥ ςετ ϑΥʔϚολʔ -JOUFS ελΠϦϯά ύοέʔδ؅ཧ

·ͱΊ ϑϩϯτΤϯυ͸ͦͷ࣌ͷ໰୊Λղܾ͢Δɺ৽͍͠Ξϓϩʔν ͕ߴ଎ʹੜ·Ε͖ͯͨ աڈʹ͋ͬͨ໰୊ͱղܾ͞Ε͍ͨ·Λ஌Δ͜ͱͰཧղΛਂΊΔ ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ීஈ౰ͨΓલͷΑ͏ʹ࢖͍ͬͯΔٕज़ʹ͍ͭͯਂ΅Δ͖͔͚ͬ ʹͳΕ͹خ͍͠ 80

εϙϯαʔϒʔε΋͋ΔΑ ϑϩϯτΤϯυΤΩεύʔτνʔϜͷϝϯόʔશһͰདྷͯ·͢ εϙϯαʔϒʔεͰ͸ීஈ΍ͬͯΔϞϓϓϩάϥϛϯάͷ༷ࢠ ΛݟΕ·͢ ٳܜ࣌ؒͳͲੋඇཱͪد͍ͬͯͩ͘͞ʂ 81

5)"/,:06

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