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A story about open science

A story about open science

A talk by Geert Barentsen for dot Astronomy 8 held at Oxford University in 2016.

Geert Barentsen

March 01, 2021
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  1. A story about open science

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  2. NASA budget as a percentage of the US federal budget

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  3. Kepler Mission
    $0.6 billion
    Humanity can afford space science
    2022 Qatar World Cup
    $220 billion

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  4. “Open science is the movement to make
    scientific research, data and dissemination
    accessible to all levels of an inquiring society,
    amateur or professional.”
    – Wikipedia

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  5. Fraction of papers on the arXiv in 2015, by journal:
    MNRAS
    90% 87%
    ApJ Icarus
    19%
    Source: https://gist.github.com/barentsen/99c9d5fab8fefdd46a1e

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  7. We need our flagship facilities and missions
    to embrace extreme openness

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  8. A story about open science
    featuring NASA’s Kepler/K2 mission

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  9. A story about open science
    featuring a mission that got rid of proprietary data

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  10. Kepler/K2 offers an example of extreme openness

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  11. 1-meter Schmidt
    Kepler launched in March 2009
    100 megapixel array
    1 or 30 min cadence

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  12. 2009-2013
    Kepler monitored 200,000 stars for 4 years

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  14. Kepler’s 4696 Planet Candidates

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  15. Kepler data contributed to 1,649 publications so far
    https:/
    /github.com/KeplerGO/kpub

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  16. Image: Flickr user susivinh

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  17. Image: ESA/Rosetta/OSIRIS

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  18. Image: ESA

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  19. Image: NASA

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  20. Image: PanSTARRS

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  21. PI Team
    Citizen
    Scientists
    Astronomers
    Aerospace
    Engineers
    Public
    Media
    Instrument
    Builders
    Public
    Resources
    Ex-Astronomers
    Makers

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  22. `
    PI teams and hardware/software builders deserve recognition and jobs
    Image: White House

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  23. Using proprietary data as a reward system bears a significant cost …
    we are slowing down science by 1 to 5+ years;
    we are reducing the impact of limited-lifetime missions;
    we are blocking early-career researchers from showing their skills & talents;
    we are reducing diversity by reserving facilities for rich institutions;
    we are discouraging the public from active participation in science.

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  27. TITLE OF A PAPER YOU WANTED TO WRITE
    “But I might get scooped!”

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  28. We can have more than one paper
    on the same data or discovery

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  29. Slide from https:/
    /speakerdeck.com/jakevdp/in-defense-of-extreme-openness

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  30. So what about Kepler/K2?

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  31. As of 2014 Kepler uses solar photon pressure
    to balance itself

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  32. Apr-Jun
    2016 Jul-Sep
    2016
    The K2 mission now surveys different fields along the ecliptic

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  35. Rebull et al. 2016

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  36. K2 data shows significant systematics due to
    targets drifting 1-2px across the detector
    Vanderburg et al. 2015

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  37. Faced by a limited lifetime and new systematics,
    K2 took the open approach:
    – No proprietary data: all those with the right skills and
    talents can benefit from the data.
    – Competition: we fund different groups to do the same
    science ($10k-$150k grants).
    – Community products: large, funded K2 programs are
    required to release value-added data and software.

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  39. Open sharing of planet candidates and follow-up observations

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  40. K2 data contributed to 137 publications so far

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  41. K2’s early productivity outperforms Kepler’s!
    Kepler exoplanet papers
    (first two years)
    K2 exoplanet papers
    (first two years)
    42
    48
    K2 literature features
    more unique authors &
    more unique institutions.

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  42. K2’s open data policy empowers early-career astronomers

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  43. NASA’s 2016 Astrophysics Senior Review

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  44. Call to action
    Question the use of restrictive policies and proprietary periods;
    they are harmful to science and to early-career astronomers.
    Question the notion that we can’t have more than one paper
    on the same data or discovery.
    Don’t fear your colleagues, fear losing public support for science.

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  45. Image: NASA
    The future is open

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  46. Wouldn’t it be nice of all missions exposed their raw data?

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  47. NASA budget as a percentage of the US federal budget

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