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Complex Genome Evolu.on in A. coluzzii Associated with Increased Insec.cide Usage in Mali

bjmain
November 19, 2015

Complex Genome Evolu.on in A. coluzzii Associated with Increased Insec.cide Usage in Mali

Platform Talk at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) in Philly, Nov. 4, 2015.

bjmain

November 19, 2015
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  1. Complex  Genome  Evolu.on  in  A.  coluzzii  Associated  with   Increased

     Insec.cide  Usage  in  Mali   Bradley  J.  Main   UC  Davis   Vector  Gene.cs  Laboratory  
  2. Species Distribution Across Mali (Tripet  et  al.  2007)   A. 

     gambiae  –  (S)   Savanna  Form   A.   gambiae  –  (B)   Bamako  Form   A.  coluzzii  –  (M)  
  3. Imperfect  Assorta.ve  Ma.ng  in  Mali   ~1%  (Tripet  et  al.

     2001)       No  Intrinsic  Incompa.bili.es   (Di  Deco  et  al.  1980,  Diabate  et  al.  2007,  Hahn  et  al.  2012)       Differen.a.on  Near  Centromeres   w/  Fixed  SNPs  on  X,  2L,  and  3L   (Turner  et  al.  2005,  White  et  al.  2010)             Effec.ve  Gene  Flow  is  Very  Low   (White  et  al.  2010)      
  4. 1991       2002          

            1996   2010   2011   2012   2006   (Lee  et  al  2013)   15  fixed  SNPs  between  the  3  islands   2004  
  5. Bam (7) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052

    10315-679 10317-546 DIS genotypes A. coluzzii heterozygote A. gambiae kdr genotypes wt / wt kdr / wt kdr / kdr Introgression of 2L + kdr (Main  et  al.  2015)   kdr  >  Mixed  on  2L   X 2L 3L 2006 pre-2006 A.col (22) Bam (12) A.gam (9) F1+n (22) F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) F1+n (7) A.col (136) post-2006 2006 Bam (7) A.gam (43) F1+n (99) A.col (22) Bam (12) A.gam (9) F1+n (22) F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052 10315-679 10317-546
  6. Bam (7) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052

    10315-679 10317-546 DIS genotypes A. coluzzii heterozygote A. gambiae kdr genotypes wt / wt kdr / wt kdr / kdr (Main  et  al.  2015)   kdr  >  Mixed  on  2L   X 2L 3L 2006 pre-2006 A.col (22) Bam (12) A.gam (9) F1+n (22) F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) F1+n (7) A.col (136) post-2006 2006 Bam (7) A.gam (43) F1+n (99) A.col (22) Bam (12) A.gam (9) F1+n (22) F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052 10315-679 10317-546 Why didn’t this happen after 2002?
  7. Rela.ve  Species  Abundance  and     Insec.cide  Treated  Bed  Net

     (ITN)  Usage   0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Proportion A. coluzzii A. gambiae - Savanna form A. gambiae - Bamako form 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year 25 50 75 ITN %
  8. Bam (7) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052

    10315-679 10317-546 DIS genotypes A. coluzzii heterozygote A. gambiae kdr genotypes wt / wt kdr / wt kdr / kdr (Main  et  al.  2015)   kdr  >  Mixed  on  2L   X 2L 3L 06 pre-2006 F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) F1+n (7) A.col (136) post-2006 2006 Bam (7) A.gam (43) F1+n (99) A.col (22) Bam (12) A.gam (9) F1+n (22) F1 (10) A.col (36) Bam (43) A.gam (12) 01073-213 01061-057 01039-358 04679-157 04691-107 04707-118 kdr 10313-052 10315-679 10317-546 What about the rest of the genome? 12   17  
  9. Two  Differen.ated  Regions   -40 -20 0 20 40 60

    Tajima’s D u c j b -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Tajima’s D a -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Tajima’s D 0 5 10 15 20 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 FST CYP9K1 X 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 FST 2R 0 10 20 30 40 kdr 2L 0 10 20 30 40 50 position [Mb] 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 FST 3R 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 position [Mb] 3L (Post-­‐2006  D)  –  (Pre-­‐2006  D)   CPR125   CPR125   CYP9K1  
  10. A.  gambiae   0%   20%   40%   60%

      80%   100%   2002   2004   2010   2014   cyp-­‐1   cyp-­‐II   cyp-­‐III   cyp-­‐?   Haplotypes:   Frequency  
  11. A.  coluzzii     0%   20%   40%  

    60%   80%   100%   2002   2004   2010   2014   cyp-­‐1   cyp-­‐II   cyp-­‐III   cyp-­‐?   Haplotypes:   Frequency  
  12. Es.ma.ng  P450-­‐related  Resistance   Acetone  (+)   4%  PBO  

    21.5ug  Permethrin  (P)   Mortality  @  24  hrs.   SEL2014  M-­‐form   cyp-­‐1:kdr   Pimperena  S-­‐form   cyp-­‐3:kdr   PBO_P   PBO_+   +_P   +_+   PBO_P   PBO_+   +_P   +_+   or   Acetone  (+)   or  
  13. MOPTI(cyp-­‐2:wt)  x  SEL2014(cyp-­‐1:kdr)     Mate  F1’s   F2  Genotype

     Permethrin  Bioassay   N=120   N=120        2        1        2   wt2   kdr/wt   kdr2    1/2    2/2    1/2    2/2   1/2   wt2   kdr/wt        1   2/2   Prop.  Resistant  (1  hr.)   *   *   *   cyp:   kdr:        2   kdr2  
  14. Analysis  of  cis-­‐varia.on  in  cyp-­‐1/2  F1  Hybrids   r=.974  from

     iPLEX  on  DNA  DiluMon     Log2(cyp1/cyp2)   CYP9K1   CYP9K1   (corrected;  N=18)   (N=4)   CPR125   RNAseq   (N=4)   RNAseq   iPLEX    
  15. Anton     Cornel   Catelyn     Neiman  

    Gregory  Lanzaro   Abou   Fofana   Cheick   Traore   Malaria  Research  &   Training  Center,  Mali   Laura   Norris   (PMI)   Travis   Collier   Yoosook   Lee   Amanda     Everin       Youki     Yamasaki   T32  Training  Grant   R21  AI117174   PostDoc  Posi.on   Available!