Build Right: Build Responsively @ ConvergeSE

The deck from our full day Build Right: Build Responsively workshop at ConvergeSE in Columbia, South Carolina, taught by @bencallahan and @jeremyloyd.

Transcript

1. @bencallahan @jeremyloyd
2. @hearsparkbox @brworkshop
   ! @bencallahan @jeremyloyd
3. #brworkshop #convergese
4. Collaborative note-taking:
   ! http://bit.ly/brworkshop-convergese-2014
5. Why are J and I here?
6. Why are you here?
7. AN INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN RWD 101
8. September 9, 2007
   6:30am
9. 177%
   increase in tablet ownership since last year In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai
10. 80%
    of consumers multi-task with other devices while watching TV In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai
11. 26%
    of consumers own a laptop, tablet & smartphone http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai In the US...
12. The web is not fixed width.
13. The penetration of desktop & laptop ownership is the same today as it was in 2007. http://bit.ly/zE1zgp In the US...
14. Mobile vs Desktop Browsing 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO
15. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO Happening now.
16. Q1 2013
    conversions on tablets surpassed conversions on traditional desktops http://bit.ly/sNpLte In the US...
17. Flexibility is the new norm.
18. People are trying to browse your sites on these devices, today.
19. Responsive web design
20. Ethan Marcotte
    ! Article on ALA
    (http://bit.ly/Wi0xvw)
    ! Book via ABA
    (http://bit.ly/f6TPB7)
    
22. RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries
23. A Fluid Foundation Honor the proportions of the design by creating percentage-based layout instead of fixed-width, pixel-based layout.
24. 1000px 400px 600px A Fluid Foundation
25. 1000px 600px A Fluid Foundation
26. 100% 40% 60% A Fluid Foundation
27. 100% 40% 60% A Fluid Foundation
28. Flexible Content Once we have a layout which is based on proportions, the content must also respond.
29. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Flexible Content
30. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain Flexible Content
31. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common (Image) 600px Flexible Content
32. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, (Image) 600px Flexible Content
33. Flexible Content http://bit.ly/ZdC8pH We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, (Image) 600px
34. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote (Image) 100% Flexible Content
35. Media Queries When our content and our design are no longer working in harmony, we need to make a larger shift in layout.
36. Media Queries 100% 40% 60%
37. A 100% C 100% B 100% C 40% B 60% A 100% Media Queries
38. Media Queries A 100% C 100% B 100% C 40% B 60% A 100%
39. RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries
40. [live examples]
41. [code example]
42. EXERCISE
43. Your Turn ‣ Code a simple responsive site using the three core RWD techniques ‣ Fluid Foundation ‣ Flexible Content ‣ Media Queries
44. Your turn! 1 2 3 4 1 3 5 2 4 6 5 1 4 2 5 6 3 6 ‣ Flexible Grid ‣ Images and Text ‣ Media Queries
45. HOW RWD HAS CHANGED PROCESS RWD WORKFLOW
46. We used to pretend like things were pretty simple.
    
47. fixed width
    1024ish 768ish
48. DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! Linear Workflow THINK ABOUT 
 USERS THROW IN SOME CONTENT
49. Slightly Better 
 Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH!
50. Why hello,
    RWD.
51. Why hello,
    tiny browsers.
52. Why hello,
    reality.
53. THIS IS AWESOME,
    LET’S JUMP IN!
54. Me too! Ditto! Old Linear Workflow Now with RWD! CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH!
55. This doesn’t work.
56. We need to invite others into the process.
    
57. CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow
58. CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow
59. CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow
60. CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow
61. LAUNCH DESIGN FRONT END BACK END CONTENT DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END
62. LAUNCH DESIGN FRONT END BACK END CONTENT DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END UX FRONT-END DESIGN LAUNCH DESIGN FRONT END BACK END CONTENT DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE
63. CONTENT UX Content, Planning & UX Tools
64. Content & Planning ‣ Content Audit ‣ Information Architecture ‣ Content Priority Guides ‣ Content Prototypes ‣ Static Wireframes ‣ Interactive Wireframes
65. CONTENT & PLANNING Content Audit
66. CONTENT & PLANNING Information Architecture
67. CONTENT & PLANNING Content Priority Guides
68. Write the Content
69. CONTENT & PLANNING Content Prototypes
70. CONTENT & PLANNING Static Wireframes
71. CONTENT & PLANNING Interactive Wireframes
72. FRONT-END DESIGN ND ! Design in the 
 “1 deliverable”
    workflow
73. Dissecting Design PRODUCTIVITY TIME
74. Dissecting Design PRODUCTIVITY TIME
75. Dissecting Design PRODUCTIVITY TIME
76. Establish the Aesthetic DISSECTING DESIGN
77. Solve the Problem DISSECTING DESIGN
78. Refine the Solution DISSECTING DESIGN
80. Establish the Aesthetic DISSECTING DESIGN
81. DISSECTING DESIGN ‣ Style Comparisons ‣ Style Tiles ‣ Style Prototypes Establish the Aesthetic
82. Style Comparisons ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC “I could create an illustration or a 3D rendering of what I want my new office to look like, but that doesn’t take advantage of his great ideas. It’s dictation, not collaboration. Instead, I show him a Pinterest board my wife and I created.” ! @danielmall http://danielmall.com/articles/the-post-psd-era/
83. Style Comparisons ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC Light vs Dark
84. Style Comparisons ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC Flat vs Textured
85. Style Comparisons ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC Illustration vs Photography
86. Style Tiles ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC
87. Style Tiles ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC
88. Style Tiles ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC
89. Style Prototypes ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC
90. USE TOOLS YOU ARE COMFORTABLE WITH TO ESTABLISH THE AESTHETIC HOW TO DECIDE
91. Cool, so what
    happens next?
92. Solve the Problem DISSECTING DESIGN
93. DISSECTING DESIGN ‣ Static Design Tools ‣ Responsive Design Tools ‣ HTML/CSS Solve the Problem
94. Static Design Tools SOLVE THE PROBLEM
95. Static Design Tools SOLVE THE PROBLEM
96. Static Design Tools SOLVE THE PROBLEM
97. Responsive Design Tools SOLVE THE PROBLEM
98. SOLVE THE PROBLEM Responsive Design Tools
99. SOLVE THE PROBLEM Responsive Design Tools
100. HTML/CSS SOLVE THE PROBLEM
101. HTML/CSS SOLVE THE PROBLEM
102. HTML/CSS SOLVE THE PROBLEM
103. Layout vs Modules SOLVE THE PROBLEM
104. Layout vs Modules SOLVE THE PROBLEM
105. SOLVE THE PROBLEM Atomic Design
106. YOU BEST SOLVE PROBLEMS USING TOOLS YOU ARE FLUENT WITH HOW TO DECIDE
107. Refine the Solution DISSECTING DESIGN
108. DISSECTING DESIGN ‣ Static Design Tools ‣ Design Pairing Refine the Solution
109. DISSECTING DESIGN Don’t Use Static Design Tools to Refine LAUNCH DESIGN FRONT END BACK END CONTENT DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE DECISIONS MADE
110. Don’t Use Static Design Tools REFINE THE SOLUTION
111. Instead of static design 
 hand-offs, consider
 design pairing REFINE THE SOLUTION
112. Design Pairing REFINE THE SOLUTION
113. Design Pairing REFINE THE SOLUTION
114. You don’t want to do the long tail more than once REFINE THE SOLUTION
115. EFFICIENCY IS KEY WHEN REFINING A DESIGN SOLUTION HOW TO DECIDE
116. Establish ! Solve ! Refine ................. Comfort ! ....................... Fluency ! ................... Efficiency Guidelines for Selecting Tools
117. An Example
127. EXERCISE
128. Your Turn ‣ Sketch out your process ‣ Annotate it with things you think need to change ‣ Note where you might incorporate some of these new tools
129. INVESTING IN PEOPLE INSTEAD OF PROCESS RESPONSIVE TEAMS
130. Photo Credit: Jay Maisel
131. Photo Credit: Jay Maisel
132. Photo Credit: Jay Maisel
133. Group improvisation is a challenge. Aside from the weighty technical problem of collective coherent thinking, there is the very human, even social need for sympathy from all members to bend for the common result. Bill Evans
134. Group improvisation is a challenge. Aside from the weighty technical problem of collective coherent thinking, there is the very human, even social need for sympathy from all members to bend for the common result.
     Bill Evans The Problem of the Team
135. Group improvisation is a challenge. Aside from the weighty technical problem of collective coherent thinking, there is the very human, even social need for sympathy from all members to bend for the common result.
     Bill Evans The Problem of the Individual
136. Group Improvisation
137. Individuals
138. Group improvisation requires individuals on a team to...
     ! be fluent
140. SOLVE THE PROBLEM
141. Unconscious Incompetence SOLVE THE PROBLEM
142. Unconscious Incompetence Conscious Incompetence SOLVE THE PROBLEM
143. Unconscious Incompetence Conscious Incompetence Conscious Competence SOLVE THE PROBLEM
144. Unconscious Incompetence Conscious Incompetence Conscious Competence Unconscious Competence SOLVE THE PROBLEM
145. Fluency SOLVE THE PROBLEM
146. Group improvisation requires individuals on a team to...
     ! be humble
149. “The Dip” keeps us humble.
150. Group improvisation requires individuals on a team to...
     ! be empathetic
151. Empathy is struggling with your teammates in areas where you are not fluent.
152. Fluency Ignorance
153. Ignorance User
 Experience User
 Interface Fluency Content CMS
154. Ignorance User
 Experience User
 Interface Fluency Content CMS
155. Ignorance User
 Experience User
 Interface Fluency Content CMS
156. Ignorance User
 Experience User
 Interface Threshold of Empathy Fluency Content CMS
157. Ignorance Content User
 Experience User
 Interface CMS Threshold of Empathy Fluency
158. The Empathetic Web Maker Content User
 Experience User
 Interface CMS Gap Analysis
 Information Architecture Content Priority Wireframe
 Usability Test Heuristic Evaluation Visual Design
 Typography
 Illustration Content Modeling
 Management Workflow
 Content Governance Semantic Markup (HTML) Interaction Layer
 (JS) Style
 (CSS) Ruby
 PHP
 .NET Design Develop Empathy
159. Fluency
     Humility
     Empathy
160. Teams
167. Create guidelines instead of rigid process
168. The rigidity of your process should be inversely proportional to the level of fluency, humility, and empathy demonstrated by your team.
169. Ability to
 improvise Fluency, humility, empathy demonstrated by team
170. Inexperienced Experienced Rigid Process Group Improvisation • Missed deadlines • Blown budgets • Poor work • Frustrated team • Doubt in leadership • Good work • Meet deadlines • Sense that there’s a better way • Average work • Culture of trust • Regular innovation • Timeless work
171. Inexperienced Experienced Rigid Process Group Improvisation • Missed deadlines • Blown budgets • Poor work • Frustrated team • Doubt in leadership • Good work • Meet deadlines • Sense that there’s a better way • Average work • Culture of trust • Regular innovation • Timeless work
172. Inexperienced Experienced Rigid Process Group Improvisation • Missed deadlines • Blown budgets • Poor work • Frustrated team • Doubt in leadership • Good work • Meet deadlines • Sense that there’s a better way • Average work • Culture of trust • Regular innovation • Timeless work
173. Create the perfect, fully-documented, all-encompassing web design and development process.
     ! Or...
174. Chill out and develop our people.
175. Invest in people
     over process
176. EXERCISE
177. Inexperienced Experienced Rigid Process Group Improvisation • Missed deadlines • Blown budgets • Trouble shipping • Frustrated team • Doubt in leadership • Good work • Meet deadlines • Sense that there’s a better way • Average work • Culture of trust • Regular innovation • Timeless work
178. CODE AND PROJECT STRUCTURE SERVING RWD STYLES WE’LL START AT 1:00
179. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials
180. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials CSS PREPROCESSING FTW!
181. Before any of this stuff will work, you need to do this: <!-- html -->
 <meta name="viewport"
 content="width=device-width; 
 initial-scale=1.0;">
182. And, you should
     also do this: ! /* CSS */" @-webkit-viewport { width:device-width; }" @-moz-viewport { width:device-width; }" @-ms-viewport { width:device-width; }" @-o-viewport { width:device-width; }" @viewport { width:device-width; }"
183. 30% 50% 100% The Example
     
184. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials
185. Single CSS File HTML <link> CSS ! Start with styles 
 applied to all ! Styles scoped to 
 a media query ! Styles scoped to 
 another media query
186. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }"
187. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */"
188. PAUSE: MEDIA QUERIES
189. Media Queries <!-- In your HTML -->" ! <link media=”(min-width: 30em)” ..." ! <link media=”screen and (max-width: 80em)” ..." ! ! ! /* In your CSS */" ! @media (min-width: 30em) { ... }" ! @media screen and (max-width: 80em) { ... }
190. Media Types <!-- In your HTML -->" ! <link media=”(min-width: 30em)” ..." ! <link media=”screen and (max-width: 80em)” ..." ! ! ! /* In your CSS */" ! @media (min-width: 30em) { ... }" ! @media screen and (max-width: 80em) { ... }
191. Media Types all braille, embossed, speech handheld, projection, screen, tv print tty http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/media.html#media-types
192. Media Features <!-- In your HTML -->" ! <link media=”(min-width: 30em)” ..." ! <link media=”screen and (max-width: 80em)” ..." ! ! ! /* In your CSS */" ! @media (orientation: portrait) { ... }" ! @media screen and (color) { ... }
193. Media Features width, height device-width, device-height orientation aspect-ratio, device-aspect-ratio color, color-index, monochrome resolution, scan, grid http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries
194. Single CSS File HTML <link> CSS ! Start with styles 
 applied to all ! Styles scoped to a
 media query ! Styles scoped to 
 another media query
195. Small Viewport Width First HTML <link> CSS ! Smallest styles ! Wider styles (mq) ! Even wider styles (mq) ! Super wide styles (mq)
196. Large Viewport Width First HTML <link> CSS ! Widest styles ! Wide styles (mq) ! Narrow styles (mq) ! Very narrow styles (mq)
197. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */"
198. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }"
199. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }"
200. Single CSS File /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" }
201. Single CSS File Small Viewport Width First /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" }
202. Single CSS File Large Viewport Width First /* styles.css */" ! aside { color: #333; width: 30%; }" ! /* if the viewport width is 60em or less */" @media (max-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! /* if the viewport width is 40em or less */" @media (max-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 100%; }" }
203. SERVING RWD STYLES Single CSS File ‣ Simple to implement ‣ Single request ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ Requires JS to serve large layout to old IE if starting with small layouts ‣ Large sites can be difficult to maintain because of the size of
 the single file
204. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials
205. Multiple CSS Files HTML <link> ! If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... and viewport width is at least 40em... <link> ! global.css ! all styles
 linear layout layout.css ! only styles for layout http://adactio.com/journal/4494/
206. Multiple CSS Files index.html" ! <link href=”global.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <link href=”layout.css”
 media=”(min-width: 40em)” 
 rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”layout.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
207. Multiple CSS Files index.html" ! <link href=”global.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <link href=”layout.css”
 media=”(min-width: 40em)”
 rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”layout.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
208. Multiple CSS Files index.html" ! <link href=”global.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <link href=”layout.css”
 media=”(min-width: 40em)” 
 rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”layout.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
209. Multiple CSS Files index.html" ! <link href=”global.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <link href=”layout.css”
 media=”(min-width: 40em)”
 rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”layout.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
210. Multiple CSS Files index.html" ! <link href=”global.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <link href=”layout.css”
 media=”(min-width: 40em)”
 rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”layout.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
211. Multiple CSS Files global.css" ! aside {" color: #333;" width: 100%;" } layout.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" }
212. Multiple CSS Files global.css" ! aside {" color: #333;" width: 100%;" } layout.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" }
213. SERVING RWD STYLES Multiple CSS Files ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ At least two requests ‣ Requires you to separate layout from other styles ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve a single large layout to old IE without JS - Requests go up if you use multiple MQs
214. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials
215. Breakpoint Based Partials HTML <link> ! If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... <link> ! base.css ! all styles/MQ blocks no-mq.css ! MQ styles from base
 without the MQs http://nicolasgallagher.com/mobile-first-css-sass-and-ie/
216. Breakpoint Based Partials index.html" ! <link href=”base.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->
217. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
218. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
219. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
220. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
221. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
222. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
223. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
224. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
225. PAUSE: CSS PREPROCESSORS
226. styles.scss styles.css We write Sass
 (or LESS, Stylus, etc.) Browser gets CSS
 (like it always has) PREPROCESSING What is CSS Preprocessing?
227. The Big Three:
     LESS, Sass, and Stylus
228. LESS ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Very similar syntax to SASS ‣ http://lesscss.org/
229. LESS syntax Variables are specified with @ symbol ! /* .less */" ! @top-variable: 20px;" ! " #header-shadow {" "position: absolute;" " " top: @top-variable;" " }
230. Stylus ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Has a flexible syntax - You can omit semi-colons, colons, and braces ‣ http://learnboost.github.com/ stylus/
231. Stylus Syntax /* .styl */" ! top-variable = 20px" " " #main-header" " position absolute" " " top top-variable" ! #footer {" " background: blue" " " border 1px solid #00f;" } Notice the terse, forgiving syntax.
232. Sass ‣ Runs on Ruby ‣ Has two syntax flavors - .scss & .sass ‣ http://sass-lang.com/
233. Sass Sytax $main-color: blue" ! /* .scss */" #main {" color: $main-color;" font-size: 0.3em;" }" ! /* .sass */" #main" color: $main-color" font-size: 0.3em
234. What’s so cool about preprocessors, anyway?
235. Nesting /* .css */" ! .food-list {" list-style: none;" }" ! .food-list li {" font-size: 1rem; " }" ! .food-list li a {" color: red;" }" ! /* .scss */" ! .food-list {" list-style: none;" li {" font-size: 1rem;" a {" color: red;" }" }" }
236. Nesting can be abused. /* This is bad. Don’t do it. */" ! html body #main div.primary .big-header {" font-size: 2em;" } !
237. Variables /*.scss*/" $white: rgba(255,255,255,1);" ! /*.less*/" @white: rgba(255,255,255,1);" ! /*.styl*/" white = rgba(255,255,255,1);" $black = rgba(0,0,0,1);
238. Mixins /*.scss*/" ! @mixin border-radius( $value : 10px ) {" " -webkit-border-radius: $value;" " -moz-border-radius: $value;" " " " border-radius: $value;" } .btn{" @include border-radius(25px);" }
239. Mixins ‣ Sass and Stylus both support basic programming like loops, if/else, etc. in mixins. ‣ LESS only offers “guarded mixins.” - I hear this is better with the *new* version...
240. Sparkbox REM Mixin
241. Sparkbox REM Mixin /*.scss*/" @include rem(padding, 0.5, 1, 4, 3);" @include rem(font-size, 1.2, large);
242. Compass & Bourbon ‣ Compass and Bourbon are mixin libraries for Sass ‣ Takes care of vendor prefixes with mixins ‣ Compass has an ecosystem of plugins built on top of Compass ‣ With config.rb, Compass lets you check the preprocessor config into source control
243. Compass & Bourbon
244. Importing ‣ Allows you to break up your styles across files - variables, mixins, reset, all separated ‣ Better than a standard css import
245. Importing this file will compile to base.css /* base.scss */" ! @import "compass";" @import "variables";" @import "reset";" @import "mixins";" @import "header";" @import "hero";" @import "whatever";
246. CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Codekit http://incident57.com/codekit/
247. CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Scout http://mhs.github.com/scout-app/
248. CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Compass http://compass-style.org/
249. CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Sass Primer http://thesassway.com/beginner/getting- started-with-sass-and-compass
250. Breakpoint Based Partials base.css" ! aside { color: #333; width: 100%; }" @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { width: 50%; }" aside { width: 30%; }
251. _40em.scss" ! aside { width: 50%; } Breakpoint Based Partials base.scss" ! @import “smallest”;" @media (min-width: 40em) {" @import “40em”;" }" @media (min-width: 60em) {" @import “60em”;" } no-mq.scss" ! @import “40em”;" @import “60em”; _60em.scss" ! aside { width: 30%; } _smallest.scss" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;}
252. SERVING RWD STYLES Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Only 1 or 2 requests ‣ Requires preprocessor ‣ Maintenance can be complex
253. SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials
254. HTML If < IE9 and not IE Mobile <link> ! If >= IE9 or IE Mobile or not IE <link> Module Based Partials no-mq.css ! All styles with no MQs ! ! mq.css ! All styles with MQs http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/ structuring_and_serving_styles_for_older_browsers
255. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
256. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
257. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
258. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
259. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
260. Module Based Partials index.html" ! <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]>" <link href=”no-mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <![endif]-->" ! <!--[if (gte IE 9) | (IEMobile)]><!-->" <link href=”mq.css” rel=”stylesheet”>" <!--<![endif]-->
261. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
262. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
263. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
264. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
265. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
266. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
267. Module Based Partials mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%; }" ! @media (min-width: 40em) {" aside { width: 50%; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 60em) {" aside { width: 30%; }" } no-mq.css" ! aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
268. Module Based Partials mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ... no-mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! $sb-no-mq-support: true;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ...
269. Module Based Partials mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ... no-mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! $sb-no-mq-support: true;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ...
270. Module Based Partials mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ... no-mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! $sb-no-mq-support: true;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ...
271. Module Based Partials mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ... no-mq.scss" ! @import “compass”;" @import “sb-media”;" ! $sb-no-mq-support: true;" ! @import “aside”;" @import “nav”;" @import “footer”;" ...
272. Module Based Partials _aside.scss" ! ! aside {" color: #333; width: 100%;" ! @include sb-media(40em) {" width: 50%; }" ! @include sb-media(60em) {" width: 30%; }" }
273. Module Based Partials _aside.scss" ! ! aside {" color: #333; width: 100%;" ! @include sb-media(40em) {" width: 50%; }" ! @include sb-media(60em) {" width: 30%; }" }
274. Module Based Partials _aside.scss" ! ! aside {" color: #333; width: 100%;" ! @include sb-media(40em) {" width: 50%; }" ! @include sb-media(60em) {" width: 30%; }" } $sb-no-mq-support: true; aside { color: #333;
 width: 100%;" width: 50%;" width: 30%; }
275. Module Based Partials $no-mq-support: false !default;" $serve-to-nomq-max-width:60em;" ! @mixin sb-media($query) {" @if $no-mq-support{" @if $query < $serve-to-nomq-max-width {" @content;" }" } @else {" @media ( 'min-width:' + $query ) {" @content;" }" }" }" https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media
276. https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media
277. https://github.com/Team-Sass/breakpoint
278. SERVING RWD STYLES Module Based Partials ‣ Single Request ‣ Easy Maintenance ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Requires Preprocessor
279. This is so much
     more natural.
280. THERE IS NO
 BREAKPOINT
281. There is no Breakpoint aside {" // general styles" ! // major shift at 40em" // major shift at 60em" ..." } aside {" // general styles" ! // major shift at 40em" // minor tweak at 42em" // minor tweak at 53.5em" // minor tweak at 56em" // major shift at 60em" // minor tweak at 72.2em" // minor tweak at 74em" ..." }
282. There is no Breakpoint aside {" // general styles" ! // major shift at 40em" // major shift at 60em" ..." } aside {" // general styles" ! // major shift at 40em" // minor tweak at 42em" // minor tweak at 53.5em" // minor tweak at 56em" // major shift at 60em" // minor tweak at 72.2em" // minor tweak at 74em" ..." }
283. There is no Breakpoint Media Query Bookmarklet
 (by @robtarr)
284. There is no Breakpoint
285. Relax.
286. Think more modularly.
     ! Try something like SMACSS (from @snookca).
287. Element Queries http://www.xanthir.com/b4PR0
288. Responsive Elements https://github.com/kumailht/responsive-elements
289. http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/there_is_no_breakpoint There is no Breakpoint http://www.markboulton.co.uk/journal/theinbetween The In-Between http://www.jordanm.co.uk/post/43147197731/the-in-between The In-Between (2)
290. An Example
291. EXERCISE
292. Your Turn ‣ Modify your simple RWD experiment to use the sb-media mixin. ‣ https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media
293. MAKING EVERYTHING FLUID CREATING
 FLEXIBILITY
294. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
295. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
296. It starts with the grid
297. It starts with the grid body {" width: 100%;" }" ! div.main {" width: 70%;" }" ! aside {" width: 28%;" } body {" width: 1000px;" }" ! div.main {" width: 700px;" }" ! aside {" width: 280px;" }
298. It starts with the grid body {" width: 100%;" }" ! div.main {" width: 70%;" } target / context = % 700 / 1000 = .7 .7 = 70% body {" width: 1000px;" }" ! div.main {" width: 700px;" }
299. It starts with the grid body {" width: 100%;" }" ! aside {" width: 28%;" } target / context = % 280 / 1000 = .28 .28 = 28% body {" width: 1000px;" }" ! aside {" width: 280px;" }
300. Responsive grid systems
301. CREATING FLEXIBILITY RWD Grid Systems ‣ Foundation ‣ Bootstrap ‣ Skeleton ‣ Responsive.gs ‣ Columnal ‣ ...this list goes on, and on, and on
302. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Semantic RWD Grid Systems ‣ Semantic.gs ‣ Susy ‣ Zen Grids
303. Semantic.gs @column-width: 60;" @gutter-width: 20;" @columns: 12;" @total-width: 100%;" ! header { @include column(12); }" article { @include column(12); }" aside { @include column(12); }" ! @media (min-width: 38em) {" article { @include column(8); }" aside { @include column(4); }" }
304. Semantic.gs @column-width: 60;" @gutter-width: 20;" @columns: 12;" @total-width: 100%;" ! header { @include column(12); }" article { @include column(12); }" aside { @include column(12); }" ! @media (min-width: 38em) {" article { @include column(8); }" aside { @include column(4); }" }
305. Semantic.gs @column-width: 60;" @gutter-width: 20;" @columns: 12;" @total-width: 100%;" ! header { @include column(12); }" article { @include column(12); }" aside { @include column(12); }" ! @media (min-width: 38em) {" article { @include column(8); }" aside { @include column(4); }" }
306. Semantic.gs @column-width: 60;" @gutter-width: 20;" @columns: 12;" @total-width: 100%;" ! header { @include column(12); }" article { @include column(12); }" aside { @include column(12); }" ! @media (min-width: 38em) {" article { @include column(8); }" aside { @include column(4); }" }
307. Semantic.gs @column-width: 60;" @gutter-width: 20;" @columns: 12;" @total-width: 100%;" ! header { @include column(12); }" article { @include column(12); }" aside { @include column(12); }" ! @media (min-width: 38em) {" article { @include column(8); }" aside { @include column(4); }" }
308. Or, just roll your own
309. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
310. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas
311. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas
312. HEADER HEADER CONTENT 1 CONTENT 1 CONTENT 2 CONTENT 2 AD SEARCH SEARCH AD FOOTER Large Resolution Small Resolution
313. HEADER HEADER CONTENT 1 CONTENT 1 CONTENT 2 CONTENT 2 AD SEARCH SEARCH AD FOOTER Large Resolution Small Resolution
314. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas
317. appendAround JS Library https://github.com/filamentgroup/AppendAround $( “.move-me" ).appendAround();
318. <!-- initial container for appendAround -->" <div class=“cont-1” data-set="containers">" <p class=“move-me”>appendAround content</p>" </div> " ! <div>" <p>Some other content</p>" </div>" ! <!-- potential container for appendAround -->" <div class=“cont-2" data-set="containers"></div>" ! <div>" <p>Some other content</p>" </div>" ! <!-- potential container for appendAround -->" <div class=“cont-3" data-set="containers"></div>
319. .cont-1 { display: block; }" .cont-2, .cont-3 { display: none; }" ! @media (min-width: 30em) {" .cont-2 { display: block; }" .cont-1, .cont-3 { display: none; }" }" ! @media (min-width: 50em) {" .cont-3 { display: block; }" .cont-1, .cont-2 { display: none; }" }
320. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas
321. HEADER CONTENT 1 CONTENT 2 RELATED CONTENT POPULAR CONTENT SUB NAV AD Large Resolution
322. CONTENT 1 NAVIGATION RELATED CON POPULAR CON AD NAV EXTRA HEADER
323. Off Canvas
324. Easiest to show
 a few examples:
 http://jasonweaver.name/lab/offcanvas/ ! http://disney.com/ ! http://www.lenovo.com/au/en/
325. There are many, many combinations of these basic ideas
     ! http://bit.ly/U4N5qH
     ! (http://bradfrost.github.com/this-is-responsive/patterns.html)
326. There are some really cool new layout modules coming...
327. http://www.netmagazine.com/tutorials/ master-new-css-layout-properties
328. http://www.fivesimplesteps.com/ products/css3-layout-modules
329. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
330. Type flexes by default
331. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Hierarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
332. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Hierarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
335. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Hierarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
336. @snookca
     http://snook.ca/technical/colour_contrast/colour.html
     
337. @leaverou
     http://leaverou.github.com/contrast-ratio/
338. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Hierarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
341. Type Considerations ‣ Type size/line height relationship Rule of thumb: Line height 140% of body size
342. Type Considerations ‣ Spacing: Grouping information Associate subheads with content by proximity
343. Type Considerations ‣ Spacing: Allow the content to breathe
344. Type Considerations ‣ Spacing: Margin after paragraphs Rule of thumb: About half of the 
 line height
345. Maintaining Hierarchy ‣ Size ‣ Weight ‣ Color ‣ Position ‣ Type Contrast
346. Maintaining Hierarchy
347. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Heirarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
348. @mixin rem( $property, $a:0, $b:$a, $c:$a, $d:$b ) {" @if ( $property == "font-size" ) {" // $a is the font size" // %b is the keyword" @if ( $a != $b ) {" font-size: $b;" }" @else {" font-size: $a * $base-font-multiplier * 16px;" }" font-size: $a * 1rem;" } @else {" $apx: $a * $base-font-multiplier * 16px;" $bpx: $b * $base-font-multiplier * 16px;" $cpx: $c * $base-font-multiplier * 16px;" $dpx: $d * $base-font-multiplier * 16px;" $arem: $a * 1rem;" $brem: $b * 1rem;" $crem: $c * 1rem;" $drem: $d * 1rem;" ! @if ( $property == "padding" or $property == "margin" ){" #{$property}: $apx $bpx $cpx $dpx;" REM Mixin
349. vw & vh CSS Units
350. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Heirarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
351. Type Considerations ‣ Line Length Rule of thumb: 45–70 characters 
 per line
352. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen ≠ small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ Spacing and Heirarchy ‣ Type sizing ‣ Line length ‣ Line breaks
353. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
354. Flexible Images img {" max-width: 100%;" }
355. The image problem(s)
356. CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density
357. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content
358. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content
359. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content
360. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content
361. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth As of March of 2012, 86% of the sites on mediaqueri.es demonstrated the same weight and load time at resolutions from 300ish to 1200ish. ! via @guypod http://www.guypo.com/mobile/performance-implications-of-responsive- design-book-contribution/
362. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth Responsive & Responsible ! via @scotjehl https://speakerdeck.com/scottjehl/responsive-responsible http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1565
363. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Pixel Density Most new mobile devices have high pixel density displays: ! Apple iPhone 4+: 326 PPI Amazon Kindle Fire HD 8.9: 254 PPI Nokia Lumia 920: 332 PPI BlackBerry Z10: 356 PPI Samsung Galaxy Note: 285 PPI
364. CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density
365. The image solution(s)
366. CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image solution(s) ‣ SVG ‣ Icon fonts ‣ Pixel-density media queries ‣ Compressive ‣ New markup ‣ Intercepting requests ‣ User preference
367. SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) ‣ Allows the image to be resolution independent. ‣ Support isn’t very good for older browsers. ‣ We can use Modernizr to detect if the browser supports SVG and provide a .png fallback for those that do not.
368. @dbushell wrote a great primer for SVG
369. Icon Fonts ‣ Fonts by default are resolution independent, Icon fonts are no different. ‣ http://icomoon.io/app/ allows you to create your own icon fonts ‣ They do require a bit more markup, and JS for IE 7 and lower.
370. Icon Font Markup /*.scss*/" [data-icon]:before {" content: attr(data-icon);" font-family: 'icon-font-family';" speak: none;" } <!--html-->" <a href="#" class="search-toggle">" <span aria-hidden="true" 
 data-icon="&#xe009;"></span>" <span class="screen-reader">Search</span>" </a>
371. Compressive Images ‣ http://bit.ly/Sygdey ‣ Increase the image dimensions ‣ Add massive compression ‣ Scale the image in the browser
372. Pixel Density MQs ‣ Detect the pixel ratio of the device and serve a second, higher-res image. ‣ Retina devices now have to make an additional request for the retina asset.
373. Pixel Density MQs Also need other browser prefixes /*.scss*/" @media only all and
 (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {" .logo {" background-image: url(/i/logo-2x.png);" background-size: 100%;" }" }
374. New Markup ‣ http://responsiveimages.org/ ! ‣ Picture - http://picture.responsiveimages.org/ ‣ Srcset - http://www.w3.org/html/wg/drafts/srcset/ w3c-srcset/
375. Picture Polyfill
376. Srcset Polyfill
377. Intercepting Requests ‣ As a service (via url prefix) - http://resrc.it ! ‣ On your server (via .htaccess) - http://adaptive-images.com/
378. User Preference ‣ Allow the user to choose what experience they would like to have on their device: “HD” or “SD”.
379. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
380. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://jsbin.com/emexa4
381. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://codepen.io/aarongustafson/pen/ucJGv
382. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://filamentgroup.com/examples/rwd-table-patterns/
383. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/xvmCe
384. RWD Table Patterns
     [demo]
385. CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video
386. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video
387. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Intrinsic Ratios http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/KICkl
388. CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video
389. Creating flexibility requires experimentation
390. Discussion ‣ What content types have we not addressed? ‣ What specific challenges are you facing in creating flexibility?
391. UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES RWD NAVIGATION
392. The Maze
393. amazon.com
394. amazon.com
395. amazon.com
396. amazon.com
397. amazon.com
398. amazon.com
399. Congratulations! In celebration of all your hard work and discipline, as a reward for all the risk you’ve taken to reach this point, we’re quite pleased to present you with…YOUR CONTENT! ! Keep up the good work! ! ~ The Management
400. A Taxonomy ‣ Trigger Indicators ‣ Trigger (reveal) Patterns ! ‣ Interaction Indicators ‣ Interaction Patterns
401. Trigger Indicators
402. What is a Trigger?
403. Trigger Indicators ‣ Words ‣ menu, main menu ‣ nav, navigation ‣ site specific
 (sections, topics,
 products, etc.) ‣ Icons ‣ plus ‣ hamburger ‣ arrows ‣ “x”
404. TRIGGER INDICATORS Words
405. TRIGGER INDICATORS Icons Plus Hamburger Down Arrow
406. TRIGGER INDICATORS Other & Combinations
407. Trigger Indicators ‣ Words ‣ menu, main menu ‣ nav, navigation ‣ site specific
 (sections, topics,
 products, etc.) ‣ Icons ‣ plus ‣ hamburger ‣ arrows ‣ “x”
408. Trigger Patterns
 (or, Reveal Patterns)
409. Trigger Patterns ‣ Always Available ‣ Anchor to Footer ‣ Select Element ‣ Make Room ‣ Cover Up ‣ Off Canvas ‣ Priority + ‣ Full Screen Takeover
410. TRIGGER PATTERNS: ALWAYS AVAILABLE
411. TRIGGER PATTERNS: ANCHOR TO FOOTER
412. TRIGGER PATTERNS: SELECT ELEMENT
413. iOS 7 TRIGGER PATTERNS: SELECT ELEMENT
414. TRIGGER PATTERNS: SELECT ELEMENT Chrome on OS X
415. TRIGGER PATTERNS: MAKE ROOM
416. TRIGGER PATTERNS: COVER UP
417. TRIGGER PATTERNS: OFF CANVAS
418. TRIGGER PATTERNS: PRIORITY +
419. TRIGGER PATTERNS: FULL SCREEN TAKEOVER
420. Trigger Patterns ‣ Always Available ‣ Anchor to Footer ‣ Select Element ‣ Make Room ‣ Cover Up ‣ Off Canvas ‣ Priority + ‣ Full Screen Takeover
421. Interaction Indicators
422. INTERACTION INDICATORS Icons
423. Interaction Indicators ‣ Icons ‣ plus ‣ dash ‣ “x” ‣ various arrows
424. Interaction Patterns
425. Interaction Patterns ‣ List ‣ Accordion ‣ Paging
426. INTERACTION PATTERNS: LIST
427. INTERACTION PATTERNS: ACCORDION
428. INTERACTION PATTERNS: PAGING
429. Interaction Patterns ‣ List ‣ Accordion ‣ Paging
430. Takeaways
431. Takeaways ‣ Architecture ‣ Focus ‣ Behavior ‣ JavaScript ‣ Usability
432. TAKEAWAYS: ARCHITECTURE
433. TAKEAWAYS: ARCHITECTURE
434. TAKEAWAYS: FOCUS
435. TAKEAWAYS: BEHAVIOR Multi Open
436. TAKEAWAYS: BEHAVIOR Single Open
437. TAKEAWAYS: BEHAVIOR Single Open
438. Auto Scroll TAKEAWAYS: BEHAVIOR
439. Takeaways ‣ JavaScript ‣ Visible by Default ‣ Anchor to Footer ‣ Single DOM
440. mediaCheck, by @robtarr
441. Takeaways ‣ Usability ‣ User Expectations ‣ Plan for the Worst ‣ Teach Use
442. Live Examples
443. Discussion ‣ How are you handling navigation in your RWD projects? ‣ Have you been able to push back on IA?
444. LEARN FROM OUR MISTAKES LESSONS LEARNED
445. Testing
446. LESSONS LEARNED Testing ‣ You must test on real devices ‣ Do your development in a webkit browser ‣ Build libraries of your patterns
447. Pricing
448. LESSONS LEARNED Pricing ‣ As much as 100% more, initially ‣ Likely to be 50% more, soon after ‣ Probably never less than 25% more
449. LESSONS LEARNED Pricing ‣ As much as 100% more, initially ‣ Likely to be 50% more, soon after ‣ Probably never less than 25% more COMPARED TO WHAT?
450. LESSONS LEARNED Pricing ‣ Testing (labs & time) ‣ Fewer patterns ‣ Project management ‣ Learning curve ‣ Maintenance ‣ Content strategy
451. Prioritization
452. LESSONS LEARNED Prioritization
453. LESSONS LEARNED Prioritization
454. LESSONS LEARNED Prioritization
455. LESSONS LEARNED Prioritization
456. LESSONS LEARNED Prioritization
457. Performance
458. LESSONS LEARNED Performance ‣ Optimize or cut out images ‣ Decrease the number of requests ‣ Gzip if you can ‣ Concat and minify CSS/JS ‣ Load CSS at the top ‣ Load JS at the bottom ‣ Follow @souders on Twitter
459. Barriers
460. LESSONS LEARNED Barriers ‣ Organization barriers block collaboration ‣ Must have buy in from upper management ‣ Must have buy in from those doing the work ‣ It’s not easy, we’re still
 figuring it out
461. What’s Next
462. Fluency SOLVE THE PROBLEM
463. Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/
464. Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/ PLEASE, NO.
465. The Responsive Dip
     ! http://bit.ly/MasqBk
466. Responsive web design is about much more than making stuff fit on small screens.
467. viewport width input method context low bandwidth no bandwidth available light location history state of mind intent viewport height right content speed user preference cross-width consistency Web Design
468. Web Design viewport width input method context low bandwidth no bandwidth available light location history state of mind intent viewport height right content speed user preference cross-width consistency
469. The Responsive Mindset
     ! “The truly responsive design web designer wasn’t born until after the launch of the iPhone. We haven’t seen his or her work yet.”
     ! Andy Clarke
     ! http://the-pastry-box-project.net/andy-clarke/2012-april-8/
470. ! There are many
     problems left to solve.
     ! We’ll solve them much faster if we solve them together.
471. THANKS! @bencallahan @jeremyloyd