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Content Accessibility for WordPress

Emily Lewis
December 17, 2019

Content Accessibility for WordPress

What is accessible content? Why is it important? And how can you create accessible content in Wordpress?

An exploration of various roles related to maintaining web content, principles of accessible content and Wordpress techniques for authoring.

Emily Lewis

December 17, 2019
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Transcript

  1. Content Accessibility
    for
    WordPress

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  2. Agenda
    Introductions & Overview
    Role-based Accessibility
    1:00 pm - break
    Accessible Content
    2:00 pm - break
    WordPress Accessibility & Plugins
    3:00 pm - break
    Authoring Accessible Content in Wordpress
    4:00 pm - break
    Problem-Solving Q&A
    4:45 pm - go forth and prosper!

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  3. Emily Lewis
    • Accessibility & Universal Design Specialist - Knowbility
    • Author Microformats Made Simple
    • Co-author HTML5 Cookbook
    • Formerly with Bright Umbrella, Web Standards Sherpa
    [email protected] @emilylewis

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  4. Our mission is to create a more
    inclusive digital world for all.
    • Austin-based non-profit
    • Formed in 1999

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  5. Who are you?
    Why are you here?
    What are your questions about
    accessible content?
    What are your questions about
    WordPress?

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  6. What is

    accessibility
    ?

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  8. Can people with disabilities…
    • Get the same information,
    • Perform the same interactions, and
    • function as others …
    With comparable ease
    ?

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  9. Why is a11y
    important
    ?

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  10. Neil Lenane
    Talent Acquisition/Diversity and Inclusion Leader

    Progressive Insurance
    If you do not intentionally include,
    you unintentionally exclude.

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  11. Increase Revenue
    Boost Market Share
    Improve Efficiency
    Drive Innovation
    Reduce Legal Risks

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  12. The Business Case for Accessibility
    • Return on Disability Group Annual Report (PDF)

    www.rod-group.com/sites/default/files/2016 Annual Report - The Global Economics of Disability.pdf
    • The Financial Brand

    thefinancialbrand.com/68136/pwd-banking-disabled-customer-ada/
    • How to Attract and Maintain Customer Loyalty

    odenetwork.com/news/how-to-attract-maintain-customer-loyalty
    • How much do bugs cost to fix during each phase of the SDLC? 

    www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/cost-to-fix-bugs-during-each-sdlc-phase/

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  13. “It doesn't mean you're designing one thing
    for all people. It means you're designing a
    diversity of ways for people to participate
    in an experience, so that everyone has a
    sense of belonging.
    Susan Goltsman

    Founding Principal of MIG, Inc.

    Co-author of Play for All Guidelines and The Inclusive City

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  14. It's about people

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  15. Questions?

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  16. Role-Based
    a11y

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  17. Project / Product Managers
    Executives / C Suite
    Content Strategists / Information Architecture
    Copywriters / SMEs / Content Authors
    Designers
    Front-end Developers
    WordPress/ Back-end / CMS Developers
    Quality Assurance

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  18. Product / Project Managers
    • Understand accessibility and how it applies to your project
    • Communicate with and support all team members
    • Think about a11y throughout process
    • Engage with and represent users
    • Hold team accountable, escalate when needed
    • Stay firm

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  19. Collaboration

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  20. Executive / C Suite
    • Understand accessibility and how it applies to your organization,
    departments and staff
    • Understand risks and benefits
    • Build accessibility into the budget
    • Be an advocate

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  21. Content Strategists / Information Architecture
    • Know the audience and organizational goals
    • Clear, consistent content structure across varying viewports
    • Multiple paths to information, resources
    • Content pyramid
    • Simplify, simplify, simplify

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  22. Copywriters / SMEs / Content Authors
    • Alternative text, formats
    • Clear language, defined acronyms and uncommon terms
    • Instructions don't rely on color or sensory characteristics
    • Simplify, simplify, simplify
    *Constraints

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  23. Accessible Content &
    Structurein practice

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  24. • Devise consistent navigation
    • “Chunk” content, embrace lists
    • Use headings, sub-headings
    • Transcribe audio
    • Caption video
    • Craft appropriate alt text
    • Document instructions for forms
    and uncommon workflows
    • Document form error handling and
    status messages
    • No images of text

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  25. Designers
    • Color (contrast, meaning)
    • Typography, structure & hierarchy
    • Interactions (states, errors, confirmations)
    • Proximity (layout, space)
    • Controls for motion (video, animation)
    • Responsive
    *Constraints

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  26. Accessible Design

    in practice

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  27. • Use good color contrast
    • Don’t use color alone for meaning
    • Provide visible focus (“outlines”)
    • Design bypass blocks (“skip
    navigation”)
    • Ensure labels are on all form
    fields
    • Design error and status messages
    • Use proximity for related
    elements.Ensure text spacing
    • Designs scale/adjust for varying
    viewports
    • Use images, icons thoughtfully

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  28. Front-end Developers
    • Use code libraries wisely
    • Operability (mouse, touch, keyboard, voice)
    • Meaningful structure
    • Parsing
    • Interaction support (element states, errors, confirmations, focus management)
    • Performance, optimization
    *Constraints

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  29. Accessible Dev
    in practice

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  30. • Implement keyboard support &
    skip link(s)
    • Make visual focus order match
    source code order
    • Use semantic HTML
    • Include page landmarks
    • Properly code headings
    • Properly associate labels with
    form fields
    • Use ARIA wisely
    • Test with a screen reader
    • Test with a keyboard
    • Test with high contrast
    • Validate code

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  31. Wordpress / CMS / Back-end Developers
    • Enforce accessible content entry
    • Work with code from front-end team
    • Use software, plugins, libraries wisely
    • Performance, optimization
    *Constraints

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  32. Quality Assurance
    • Develop test plans with accessibility built-in
    • Use automated tools where practical
    • Use manual testing for full coverage
    • Reduce false positives
    • Act as accessibility safety net

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  33. Questions?

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  34. Accessible Content*

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  35. Reduces cognitive load
    Helps users focus
    Conveys content structure, hierarchy
    Reflects organizational policy, standards
    Informs entire project life cycle

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  36. Collaboration

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  37. Plain Language
    • Active voice
    • Familiar language
    • Explain technical terms
    • Expand acronyms, abbreviations
    • Hemingway Editor

    www.hemingwayapp.com

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  38. Structure & Scanning
    • Logical order
    • Front-load important
    information
    • Chunking
    • Casing
    • Page titles
    • Headings
    • Lists
    • Tables

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  39. Forms
    • Instructions
    • Descriptive labels
    • Hints
    • Error messages
    • Confirmation/success messages

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  40. Links
    • Descriptive of destination
    • Concise
    • Meaningful
    • Avoid opening in new window/tab

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  41. Images
    • Alternative text
    • alt Decision Tree

    www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/images/decision-tree/
    • Optimized
    • ImageOptim (Mac)

    imageoptim.com
    • FileOptimizer (PC download)

    nikkhokkho.sourceforge.io/static.php?
    page=FileOptimizer

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  42. Audio
    • Not a replacement for text
    • Provide transcripts
    • Include summaries of sounds

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  43. Video
    • Not a replacement for text
    • Captions not “craptions"
    • Include summaries of sounds, settings, actions and facial expressions

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  44. Complex Information
    • Compromises
    • Alternative content
    • We don't have solutions for
    everything — yet
    • Better than complete
    inaccessibility

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  45. Language Translations
    • Page titles
    • Form labels
    • Messages, alerts, hints
    • Alt text

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  46. Questions?

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  47. WordPress
    Accessibility &

    Plugins

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  48. Using & Choosing Plugins
    • Be judicious
    • May be accessible, but no way to validate
    • Staging, sandbox environment

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  49. Collaboration

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  50. Plugins - for / with a11y
    • WP Accessibility

    wordpress.org/plugins/wp-accessibility/
    • WCAG 2.0 Form Fields for Gravity Forms

    wordpress.org/plugins/gravity-forms-wcag-20-form-fields/
    • Genesis Accessible

    wordpress.org/plugins/genesis-accessible/
    • Contact Form 7: Accessible Defaults

    wordpress.org/plugins/contact-form-7-accessible-defaults/
    • Divi Accessibility

    wordpress.org/plugins/accessible-divi/
    • MyCalendar

    wordpress.org/plugins/my-calendar/
    • Soliloquy Slider

    wordpress.org/plugins/soliloquy-lite/
    • NextGen Gallery

    wordpress.org/plugins/nextgen-gallery/

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  51. Gutenberg Editor
    • Known a11y issues
    • Not ready for production teams that need a11y
    • Can still support accessible authoring
    • Classic Editor plugin

    wordpress.org/plugins/classic-editor/

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  52. Questions?

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  53. Accessible Content
    in WordPress
    Authoring

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  54. Collaboration

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  55. WordPress Demos
    • Page titles
    • Headings
    • Abbreviations, acronyms
    • Links
    • Images
    • Video

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  56. Your Own
    Check
    Work

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  57. QA Tools
    • axe Browser Extension

    www.deque.com/axe/
    • Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool (WAVE)

    wave.webaim.org
    • Web Developer Toolbar

    chrispederick.com/work/web-developer/
    • Dynamic Accessibility Plugin

    www.ibm.com/able/dynamic-assessment-plug-in.html
    • Siteimprove Accessibility Checker 

    chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/siteimprove-accessibility/efcfolpjihicnikpmhnmphjhhpiclljc
    *Your keyboard

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  58. Quality Assurance
    by example

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  59. Q A
    &

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  60. Thank You!

    [email protected] @emilylewis

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