Vagrant Provisioners in a Nutshell

Presented at PhpDay Verona - 16/05/2014

Transcript

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2. whoami
   ●
   Brazilian, living in Amsterdam since
   2012
   ●
   PHP developer and
   eventually sysadmin
   ●
   Author of Vagrant Cookbook on
   LeanPub
   

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3. What to expect from this talk
   1)Quick Vagrant overview
   2)Provisioner Tasting: Ansible, Puppet and Chef
   3)Useful Resources
   4)What's new
   

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5. Why
   Vagrant?
   

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6. “It works on my machine”
   - every developer, ever.
   

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7. Why Vagrant?
   ●
   Reproducible and portable development environment
   ●
   Enables easier code collaboration
   ●
   Backend env tests / benchmark
   ●
   Automation Tools learning and testing
   

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9. The simplest thing that does something
   Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"
   config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "echo Hello World!"
   end
   

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10. DEMO
    

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12. 1. Ansible
    ●
    Tasks, Playbooks, Roles
    ●
    Tasks are defined with YAML
    ●
    3rd most used
    ●
    Modules Directory: Ansible Galaxy
    ●
    Requires installation of Ansible in the Host
    

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13. 1.1 A Task
    - name: Install Nginx
    apt: pkg=nginx state=latest
    

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14. 1.1 A Task
    - name: Install Nginx
    apt: pkg=nginx state=latest
    - name: Install PHP Packages
    apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest
    with_items:
    - php5-fpm
    - php5-cli
    

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15. 1.2 A Playbook
    # playbook.yml
    ---
    - hosts: all
    sudo: true
    tasks:
    - name: Update apt-cache
    apt: update_cache=yes
    - name: Install Nginx and php5-fpm
    apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest
    with_items:
    - nginx
    - php5-fpm
    

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16. 1.3 A Role
    .
    ├── playbook.yml
    └── roles
    ├── init
    │ └── tasks
    │ └── main.yml
    └── nginxphp
    ├── tasks
    │ └── main.yml
    └── templates
    └── vhost.tpl
    #playbook.yml
    ---
    - hosts: all
    sudo: true
    vars:
    doc_root: /vagrant/web
    roles:
    - init
    - nginxphp
    

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17. 1.4 Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"
    config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    end
    end
    

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19. 2. Puppet (puppet-apply)
    ●
    Resources, Manifests, Modules
    ●
    Non-sequential execution order
    ●
    Custom language based on Ruby
    ●
    1st most used
    ●
    Modules Directory: Puppet Forge
    

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20. 2.1 A Resource
    package { 'nginx':
    ensure => 'installed'
    }
    

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21. 2.1 A Resource
    package { 'nginx':
    ensure => 'installed'
    }
    package { ['php5-fpm', 'php5-cli']:
    ensure => 'installed'
    }
    

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22. 2.2 A Manifest
    # manifests/default.pp
    exec { 'apt-get update':
    command => 'apt-get update'
    }
    package { ['nginx', 'php5-fpm']:
    ensure => 'installed',
    require => Exec['apt-get update']
    }
    

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23. 2.3 A Module
    .
    ├── manifests
    │ └── default.pp
    └── modules
    └── nginxphp
    ├── manifests
    │ └── init.pp
    └── templates
    └── vhost.erb
    # manifests/default.pp
    exec { 'apt-get update':
    command => 'apt-get update',
    before => Class['nginxphp'],
    }
    class { 'nginxphp':
    doc_root => '/vagrant/web',
    }
    

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24. 2.4 Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"
    config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet|
    puppet.module_path = "modules"
    end
    end
    

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26. 3. Chef (chef_solo)
    ●
    Resources, Recipes, Cookbooks
    ●
    Resources defined with Ruby
    ●
    2nd most used, 1st with Ruby devs
    ●
    Modules Directory: Cookbooks
    ●
    Complex but very powerful
    

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27. 3.1 A Resource
    apt_package "nginx" do
    action :install
    end
    

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28. 3.1 A Resource
    apt_package "nginx" do
    action :install
    end
    ["nginx", "php5-fpm"].each do |p|
    apt_package p do
    action :install
    end
    end
    

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29. 3.2 A Recipe
    # cookbooks/main/recipes/default.rb
    execute "apt-get update" do
    command "apt-get update"
    end
    ["nginx", "php5-fpm"].each do |p|
    apt_package p do
    action :install
    end
    end
    

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30. 3.3 A Cookbook
    .
    └── cookbooks
    ├── main
    │ └── recipes
    │ └── default.rb
    └── nginxphp
    ├── recipes
    │ └── default.rb
    └── templates
    └── default
    └── vhost.erb
    # cookbooks/main/recipes/default.rb
    execute "apt-get update" do
    command "apt-get update"
    end
    include_recipe 'nginxphp'
    

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31. 3.4 Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"
    config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.add_recipe "main"
    end
    end
    

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33. Some Cool
    New Features
    

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35. Vagrant Share
    Demo
    

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37. Global status and control
    

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38. Useful
    Resources
    

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41. Vagrant Cookbook
    Special discount coupon for PhpDay
    http://bit.ly/vc-phpday
    

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42. Questions?
    

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43. https://joind.in/11299
    

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45. 6.1 Debugging
    ●
    Unknown Vagrant error
    – Use VirtualBox / Vmware GUI
    ●
    Unknown Provisioner error
    – Increase provisioner verbosity
    ●
    Not working as expected
    – Login, fix, automate
    

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46. 6.2 NFS Performance
    ●
    Synchronization has a cost
    ●
    Symfony cache/logs
    – Too much writing operations on disk
    – We don't need this in our synced folder
    

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