Vagrant Provisioners in a Nutshell

Presented at PhpDay Verona - 16/05/2014

2. whoami • Brazilian, living in Amsterdam since 2012 • PHP <independent> developer and eventually sysadmin • Author of Vagrant Cookbook on LeanPub
3. What to expect from this talk 1)Quick Vagrant overview 2)Provisioner Tasting: Ansible, Puppet and Chef 3)Useful Resources 4)What's new
5. Why Vagrant?
6. “It works on my machine” - every developer, ever.
7. Why Vagrant? • Reproducible and portable development environment • Enables easier code collaboration • Backend env tests / benchmark • Automation Tools learning and testing
9. The simplest thing that does something Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64" config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "echo Hello World!" end
10. DEMO
12. 1. Ansible • Tasks, Playbooks, Roles • Tasks are defined with YAML • 3rd most used • Modules Directory: Ansible Galaxy • Requires installation of Ansible in the Host
13. 1.1 A Task - name: Install Nginx apt: pkg=nginx state=latest
14. 1.1 A Task - name: Install Nginx apt: pkg=nginx state=latest - name: Install PHP Packages apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest with_items: - php5-fpm - php5-cli
15. 1.2 A Playbook # playbook.yml --- - hosts: all sudo: true tasks: - name: Update apt-cache apt: update_cache=yes - name: Install Nginx and php5-fpm apt: pkg={{ item }} state=latest with_items: - nginx - php5-fpm
16. 1.3 A Role . ├── playbook.yml └── roles ├── init │ └── tasks │ └── main.yml └── nginxphp ├── tasks │ └── main.yml └── templates └── vhost.tpl #playbook.yml --- - hosts: all sudo: true vars: doc_root: /vagrant/web roles: - init - nginxphp
17. 1.4 Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64" config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible| ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml" end end
19. 2. Puppet (puppet-apply) • Resources, Manifests, Modules • Non-sequential execution order • Custom language based on Ruby • 1st most used • Modules Directory: Puppet Forge
20. 2.1 A Resource package { 'nginx': ensure => 'installed' }
21. 2.1 A Resource package { 'nginx': ensure => 'installed' } package { ['php5-fpm', 'php5-cli']: ensure => 'installed' }
22. 2.2 A Manifest # manifests/default.pp exec { 'apt-get update': command => 'apt-get update' } package { ['nginx', 'php5-fpm']: ensure => 'installed', require => Exec['apt-get update'] }
23. 2.3 A Module . ├── manifests │ └── default.pp └── modules └── nginxphp ├── manifests │ └── init.pp └── templates └── vhost.erb # manifests/default.pp exec { 'apt-get update': command => 'apt-get update', before => Class['nginxphp'], } class { 'nginxphp': doc_root => '/vagrant/web', }
24. 2.4 Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64" config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.module_path = "modules" end end
26. 3. Chef (chef_solo) • Resources, Recipes, Cookbooks • Resources defined with Ruby • 2nd most used, 1st with Ruby devs • Modules Directory: Cookbooks • Complex but very powerful
27. 3.1 A Resource apt_package "nginx" do action :install end
28. 3.1 A Resource apt_package "nginx" do action :install end ["nginx", "php5-fpm"].each do |p| apt_package p do action :install end end
29. 3.2 A Recipe # cookbooks/main/recipes/default.rb execute "apt-get update" do command "apt-get update" end ["nginx", "php5-fpm"].each do |p| apt_package p do action :install end end
30. 3.3 A Cookbook . └── cookbooks ├── main │ └── recipes │ └── default.rb └── nginxphp ├── recipes │ └── default.rb └── templates └── default └── vhost.erb # cookbooks/main/recipes/default.rb execute "apt-get update" do command "apt-get update" end include_recipe 'nginxphp'
31. 3.4 Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64" config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef| chef.add_recipe "main" end end
33. Some Cool New Features
35. Vagrant Share Demo
37. Global status and control
38. Useful Resources
41. Vagrant Cookbook Special discount coupon for PhpDay http://bit.ly/vc-phpday
42. Questions?
43. https://joind.in/11299
45. 6.1 Debugging • Unknown Vagrant error – Use VirtualBox / Vmware GUI • Unknown Provisioner error – Increase provisioner verbosity • Not working as expected – Login, fix, automate
46. 6.2 NFS Performance • Synchronization has a cost • Symfony cache/logs – Too much writing operations on disk – We don't need this in our synced folder