2020 - A space odyssey with Micronaut and Quarkus

In 2019, two contenders have decided to go on an ambitious mission and compete with Spring Boot as the fastest microservice framework in Java space! Now the battle is on, but Developer productivity is ruled by more than speed alone…
In this session I discussed Micronaut and Quarkus and compared them with their cousin Spring Boot, who has been travelling the Java space since time immemorial. The question is: who can accelerate and adapt fast enough to outperform the others? Who will fail or prevail? Together, we will find out…

Transcript

1. 1 Erik-Berndt Scheper 2020 - A space odyssey with Micronaut and Quarkus
2. Agenda Introduction A brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 2 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
3. Introduction - Let’s meet • Java Architect & Codesmith @ Ordina JTech ‣ I ❤ JAVA conferences! • Contracted by Ministry of Justice and Security • Passion for ‣ Big Data technologies ‣ Machine learning 3
4. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartje#/media/File:Standbeeld-bartje.jpg Introduction - My home town 4 https://www.ttcircuit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/0P9A1643AA-1024x683.jpg
5. Agenda Introduction A brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 5 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LH_95.jpg A brief history of Java Space … 6
7. https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/spook-meisje-gotisch-donker-goth-2935132/ 1992 - J2EE 1.2 7 1. Deployment descriptors 2. EJB 2.x 3. Java Server Pages (and other horrors … )
8. https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/krokus-bloem-lente-het-voorjaar-2139395/ 2006 - The EJB era ends 8
9. https://sdtimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/spring-boot.png Containerless services in 201 9 2 3 4 5 …
10. … but when you least expect it … 10 GAME OVER ?!?
11. Micronaut 1. Developed by creators from Grails 2. Goals ‣ Provide all the necessary tools to build full featured microservice applications ‣ Avoid downsides of Spring, Spring Boot, Grails 3. Features ‣ Fast startup, reduced memory ‣ Minimal use of proxies & reflection 11
12. Quarkus 1. Developed by RedHat 2. Goals ‣ Container-first and cloud-native ‣ Imperative and reactive ‣ Optimized for developer joy 3. Features ‣ Extension system to integrate frameworks ‣ Minimal use of proxies & reflection 12
13. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/multimedia/20080528.html 13 LET’S CHECK THIS OUT !
15. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 15 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
16. https://pixabay.com/photos/rocket-launch-rocket-take-off-nasa-67643/ Getting started 16
17. Getting started – Spring Boot • Spring Initializr project ‣ Open https://start.spring.io ‣ Enter name, features, etc. ‣ Download resulting zip-file • Or use the Spring-boot CLI … 17 $ brew tap pivotal/tap $ brew install springboot $ spring init -d=web,jpa \ -g com.github.fbascheper.odyssey \ -n spring-demo
18. $ brew install micronaut $ setjdk8 # use JDK 8 to prevent warnings $ mn profile-info base # lists available features $ mn create-app com.github.fbascheper.odyssey.mn-demo \ --features=junit,jdbc-hikari,hibernate-jpa,graal-native-image \ --build=maven # default is GRADLE $ cd mn-demo $ ./mvnw verify Getting started – Micronaut 18
19. $ # No CLI available :-( $ # Requires Maven pre-installed $ # Requires Maven to create a Gradle project ;-)
 $ mvn io.quarkus:quarkus-maven-plugin:0.28.1:create \ -DprojectGroupId=com.github.fbascheper.odyssey \ -DprojectArtifactId=quarkus-demo \ -DclassName="com.github.fbascheper.odyssey.resource.VetResource" \ -Dpath="/vets" $ cd quarkus-demo $ ./mvnw quarkus:add-extension -Dextensions="agroal, hibernate-orm" $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev Getting started – Quarkus 19
20. Getting started – Quarkus • Or you can also use the Quarkus bootstrap page HTTPS://CODE.QUARKUS.IO • Select the extensions • And download the resulting zip-file 20
21. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 21 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
22. Feature comparison 1. Language support 2. Framework support 3. Shell integration (*NIX) 4. Kubernetes support 22 https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/vintage-schaal-evenwicht-weegschaal-2862708/
23. • Java ✔ ✔ ✔ • Groovy ✔ ✘ ✔ • Kotlin ✔ ✔ ✔ • Scala ✘ ✔ ✔ Language support 23 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT
24. Framework support • Java / Jakarta EE ✘ ✘ ✘ • Eclipse MicroProfile certified ✘ ✔ ✘ ‣ (Sub) specification support: - CDI ✔ ✔ ✔ - JSON-P / JSON-B ✔ ✔ ✔ - JAX-RS ✔ ✔ ✔ - JWT ✔ ✔ ✔ • Reactive Messaging ✔ ✔ ✔ 24 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT
25. Framework support 25
26. Spring DI compatibility • QUARKUS provides a ‘Spring’ compatibility extension • With support for Spring framework annotations, such as ‣ @Autowired (with @Qualifier) ‣ @Component ‣ @Value • NOTE: THIS WILL NOT ‣ Start a Spring Application Context ‣ Run any Spring infrastructure classes 26
27. Spring DI compatibility • MICRONAUT also has integration for ‘Spring’ compatibility • With support for ‣ Spring framework annotations, events, … ‣ Spring boot annotations ‣ Spring MVC controllers • You can even use Micronaut as a parent application context • QUESTION: HOW MUCH SPRING DO YOU NEED??? 27
28. Command-line tools • Maven plugin ‣ Run application ✘ ✔ ✔ ‣ Hot reloading ✘ ✔ ✘ • Gradle support ✔ ✘ ✔ • Shell support ‣ New project ✔ ✘ ✔ ‣ Modify project ✔ ✘ ✘ 28 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT
29. Cloud / Kubernetes support • Build Docker build ‣ Native compilation (GraalVM) ✔ ✔ ✘ • Read Kubernetes metadata ‣ ConfigMaps ✔ ✘ ✘ ‣ Secrets ✔ ✘ ✘ • Kubernetes Service Discovery ‣ Clients can discover Kubernetes services ✔ ✘ ✘ 29 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT
30. Summing up • Quarkus ‣ MicroProfile 2.2 certified ‣ Hot code replacement • Micronaut ‣ Best Kubernetes support • Spring Boot ‣ Familiar to everyone ‣ Best language / framework support 30 https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/rekenmachine-nummer-3051722/ NO CLEAR WINNER !
31. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 31 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
32. Developer Friendly? • Minimal requirements ‣ Documentation ‣ IDE Support ‣ Examples • Stack overflow ?! • Productivity ‣ Hot code replacement ‣ Single configuration 32
33. Developer Friendly? • Minimal requirements ‣ Documentation - similar ‣ IDE Support - SPRING BOOT ! ‣ Examples • Stack overflow ?! • Productivity ‣ Hot code replacement ‣ Single configuration 33 QUARKUS ! }
34. Various build types - with Quarkus 34 • Development build • Native image ‣ For your LOCAL operating system • Cross compilation $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev $ ./mvnw package -Pnative $ ./mvnw package -Pnative -Dnative-image.docker-build=true # Alternative: docker build -f src/main/docker/Dockerfile.multistage .\ WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE ? / /
35. Quarkus development build 35 $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev
36. Quarkus development build 36 $ http :8080/vets EXISTING CODE OK !
37. Quarkus development build 37 @Path("/pets") @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public class PetResource { @GET public List<Pet> list() { return Pet.listAll(); } } CREATED NEW RESOURCE !
38. Quarkus development build 38 $ http :8080/pets TEST FAILED !
39. Quarkus development build 39 @Entity @Table(name = "pets") public class Pet extends NamedEntity { @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id") @JsonbTransient public Owner owner; @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "pet", fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JsonbTransient public Set<Visit> visits = new LinkedHashSet<>(); } CODE FIXED !
40. Quarkus native image build - MacOS 40 ABOUT 4 MINUTES! $ ./mvnw package -Pnative
41. Quarkus cross-compile build 41 ABOUT 30 MINUTES! $ ./mvnw package -Pnative -Dnative-image.docker-build=true
42. http://www.buildwithcare.ca/images/footer_logo.png Developer Friendly? 42 YES, BUT …
43. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 43 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
44. Production ready? • Minimal requirements ‣ Stable ‣ Secure (patches) ‣ Active (updates) • Nice to have ‣ Community ?! ‣ Support contracts?! 44
45. Performance timing • Startup time 3.448 s 3.430 s 0.019 s 5.564 s • Average request time after warmup (time http :8080/vets) ‣ Real 0.365s 0.307s 0.265s 0.270s ‣ User 0.263s 0.246s 0.210s 0.215s ‣ Sys 0.055s 0.044s 0.045s 0.045s 45 MICRONAUT QUARKUS-DEV QUARKUS-NATIVE SPRING BOOT
46. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 46 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
47. << Attribution >> 47 High scores
48. • You need native images ‣ GraalVM / Docker / Kubernetes ‣ Function as a Service applications • AND you can handle ‣ Living on the bleeding edge ‣ Frequent (weekly?) updates • AND you trust RedHat / IBM Choose Quarkus, if… 48
49. Choose Micronaut, if… • You need native images ‣ GraalVM / Docker / Kubernetes ‣ Function as a Service • BUT you cannot handle ‣ Living on the bleeding edge ‣ Frequent (weekly?) updates • OR you need something special ‣ Gradle / Groovy support ? 49
50. Choose Spring Boot, if… • You don’t need ‣ Native images ‣ Hot reloading (JRebel / DCEVM) ‣ … • OR You rely on JDK7, Reflection, … • OR You’re using Spring specific frameworks • OR you just want to be ‘safe’ 50
51. Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 51 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/
52. Wrap-up
53. http://www.thebluediamondgallery.com/handwriting/q/questions.html 53
54. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thank-you-word-cloud.jpg 54
55. Demo 55