Presenting is storytelling (Uni Zürich 2013)

I used this set of slides for a lecture I gave at Uni Zurich on how to give presentations.

Transcript

1. www.tudorgirba.com Presenting Tudor Gîrba www.tudorgirba.com
2. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Roadmap • Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • Introduction • Slides • Template • Design • Audience • Story • More about slides • Conclusion 2
3. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Roadmap • Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • Introduction • Slides • Template • Design • Audience • Story • More about slides • Conclusion 3
4. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com About this talk • I used to be extremely afraid of speaking in public • In fact, I was so afraid that I could hardly speak • But, because I had to speak, I spent a bit of time thinking about it • Today, I will share with you some of my reflections on how to do presentations • I am actually quite nervous to talk about it here 4
5. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Roadmap • Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • Introduction • Slides • Template • Audience • Story • More slides • Conclusion 5
6. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Slides • Every decent talk is accompanied by slides • Text is difficult to read so, slides should not have more than 6 first level bullets • The text should be no smaller than 12 pt • A good slide has an engaging design • Don’t just use a standard design • Show that you care • Let’s see what a good template is made of ... 6
7. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com The template in 4 steps 7
8. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com The template in 4 steps 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 7
9. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com The template in 4 steps 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 7
10. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com The template in 4 steps 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 3. Delimit the title zone and readjust the style 7
11. © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com The template in 4 steps 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 3. Delimit the title zone and readjust the style 4. Add footer • Slide number is important to let the audience know about the progress • Add your name, just in case they forgot it • Add the date and place of the presentation to show that it is customized for the situation 7
12. STOP
13. presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com
14. why are we here?
15. lecture |ˈlek ch ər| noun an educational talk to an audience
16. legere latin verb action of reading, that which is read
17. lecture |ˈlek ch ər| noun an educational talk to an audience
18. presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com
19. story = fairy tale
20. design your story
21. audience? who is your
22. message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message ssage message message message message message message message message message messag message message message message message message message message message message
23. message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message message ssage message message message message message message message message message messag message message message message message message message message message message
24. message one
30. to Understand Software Evolution Modeling History vorgelegt von Tudor Gîrba von Rumänien Inauguraldissertation der Philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Bern Leiter der Arbeit: Prof. Dr. Stéphane Ducasse Prof. Dr. Oscar Nierstrasz Institut für Informatik und angewandte Mathematik
31. To provide a generic meta-model for expressing software evolution analyses, we need to recognize evolution as an explicit phenomenon and model it as a first class entity. to Understand Software Evolution Modeling History vorgelegt von Tudor Gîrba von Rumänien Inauguraldissertation der Philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Bern Leiter der Arbeit: Prof. Dr. Stéphane Ducasse Prof. Dr. Oscar Nierstrasz Institut für Informatik und angewandte Mathematik
32. message one
33. slides
34. slides are visual aids
35. slides are visual aids
36. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Important sign • At this sign, stop, look around and proceed if no other car is coming your way. • Important!!!! The cars coming from the other directions will not have to stop. • This sign was put here by the authorities in charge. • This sign concerns vehicles only. Pedestrians should look at the signs dedicated to them. • This sign should not be touched or hindered in any way. Any violation is punishable according to the law. 31
37. STOP
38. STOP
39. few details are important
40. omit needless words
41. for sale: baby shoes, never worn Ernest Hemingway
44. design is not the abundance of simplicity it is the absence of complexity
45. emphasizing everything IS emphasizing nothing
46. whitespace
57. y x
58. y x
59. y x
60. remove chart junk increase data ink
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whitespace is a resource whitespace is a resource whitespace is a resource whitespace is a resource whitespace is a resource whitespace is a resource fill it for a reason
66. projector = screen
71. the story is in between
72. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Text and slides • The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. • But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. • In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. • That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. • If I would read this to you, you would likely be reading this line while I would still be somewhere in the middle of the text. 65
73. notes will set you free
74. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com Text and slides • The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. • But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. • In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. • That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. • If I would read this to you, you would likely be reading this line while I would still be somewhere in the middle of the text. 1 notes will set you free http://www.iwm-kmrc.de/workshops/visualization/sweller.pdf http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/powerpoint-presentations-a-disaster/ 2007/04/03/1175366240499.html One assumption is that slides must also carry the message in the absence of the speaker, and hence most of the content must be on the slides. The result is lots of bullet points and lots of text. However, lots of text competes with the spoken words because we can just read faster than we speak. And we want the audience to hear what we have to say. Another option is to put the text in the notes and provide slides with notes for as printouts.
75. trans ition
78. slides are visual aids
79. slides are visual aids
82. slides are visual aids
84. presentationzen.com tudorgirba.com/blog blog.duarte.com thebackofthenapkin.com
85. www.ted.com
86. presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com
87. technical talks? what about
88. any fact has its own story
91. content form
94. content form
95. content form
96. yesterday’s weather
98. 30%
99. 30% 90%
103. past
104. past future
105. past future
106. past future
107. past future
108. past future YesterdayWeatherHit(present): past:=all.topChanged(beginning, present) future:=all.topChanged(present, end) past.intersect(future).notEmpty()
109. hit hit hit YW = 3 / 8 = 37% hit hit hit hit hit hit hit YW = 7 / 8 = 87%
110. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
111. valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). last2HistoriesSortedByENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: last2Versions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. x := last2HistoriesSortedByENM first value getENM. valuesCount := 0. last2HistoriesSortedByENM do: [ :each | (each value getENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getENM]. (valuesCount < topCurrentENM) ifTrue: [ last2VersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames := previousVersionsTopHistories collect: [ :each | each value name]. over := false. last2VersionsTopHistories do: [:each | ((previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames includes: (each value name)) and: [over not]) ifTrue: [ yesterdayWeatherHits := yesterdayWeatherHits + 1. over := true]. ]. ]. ^yesterdayWeatherHits/(self size - 1) asFloat.
112. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
113. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
114. past future YesterdayWeatherHit(present): past:=all.topChanged(beginning, present) future:=all.topChanged(present, end) past.intersect(future).notEmpty()
115. past future ets is not empty, that is at least one class history belongs o both sets. This means that for the classes in version i at east one of the recently most changed classes is among the most changed classes in the near future relative to version i. f the assumption holds for version i we have a hit. We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather hit function pplied on version i of a system history S and given the two hreshold values t1 and t2 as follows: (i > 1; t1, t2 1) Y Wi(S, t1, t2) = 8 > > < > > : 1, TopLENOM1..i (S, t1)\ TopEENOMi..n (S, t2) 6= ; 0, TopLENOM1..i (S, t1)\ TopEENOMi..n (S, t2) = ; (6) Yesterday’s Weather is computed by counting the hits for ll versions and dividing them by the total number of pos- ible hits. Thus, we obtain the result as a percentage with alues between 0% and 100%. Versions YW Figure 5. The compu Weather. Example. In Figure 4 we Yesterday’s Weather with re 6 versions of a system with Yesterday’s Weather when c present one. Therefore, the versions, and the 5th and 6th We also consider the di really-changed set to be 3, t 4
116. hit hit hit YW = 3 / 8 = 37% hit hit hit hit hit hit hit YW = 7 / 8 = 87% We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather applied on n versions of a system history S given two threshold values t1 and t2 as in Equation 7. (n > 2; t1, t2 1) Y W1..n(S, t1, t2) = Pn 1 i=2 Y Wi(S, t1, t2) n 2 (7)
117. We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather hit function applied on version i of a system history S and given the two threshold values t1 and t2 as follows: (i > 1; t1, t2 1) Y Wi(S, t1, t2) = 8 > > < > > : 1, TopLENOM1..i (S, t1)\ TopEENOMi..n (S, t2) 6= ; 0, TopLENOM1..i (S, t1)\ TopEENOMi..n (S, t2) = ; (6) Yesterday’s Weather is computed by counting the hits for all versions and dividing them by the total number of pos- sible hits. Thus, we obtain the result as a percentage with values between 0% and 100%. 4 We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather applied on n versions of a system history S given two threshold values t1 and t2 as in Equation 7. (n > 2; t1, t2 1) Y W1..n(S, t1, t2) = Pn 1 i=2 Y Wi(S, t1, t2) n 2 (7)
118. yWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck | hits | hits := (self detailedYWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck) sum: [ :each | each isEmpty ifTrue: [0] ifFalse: [1]]. ^ hits / (self versions size - 2) yWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck ^ ( 3 to: self versions size ) collect: [ :i | | yesterday tomorrow | yesterday := self selectByExpression: yesterdayCheck appliedFromVersionIndex: 1 toVersionIndexAndPresentInIt: i - 1. tomorrow := self selectByExpression: tomorrowCheck appliedFromVersionIndexAndPresentInIt: i - 1 toVersionIndex: self versions size. yesterday intersectWith: tomorrow ]
119. content form
122. content form
123. are you a designer?
124. presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com