웹 어플리케이션 설계와 구현 II - 소프트웨어 설계에 관하여

Transcript

1. ਢ য೒ܻா੉࣌ ࢸ҅৬ ҳഅ II
   - ࣗ೐౟ਝয ࢸ҅ী ҙೞৈ
   2018.07.31
   
   @ೠࣁࢎ੉ߡࠁউҊ١೟Ү
   
   ൤ٚ౟ۑ CTO ೠ݅ઙ
   

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2. ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ੉ۆ?
   • ױ҅੸ ೐۽ࣁझ
   
   - ࣗ೐౟ਝয ޙઁܳ ৈ۞ ױ҅۽ ա־য ೧Ѿೞח ߑध
   ਃҳࢎ೦ ࠙ࢳ
   ࢸ҅
   ҳഅ
   పझ౟
   ਬ૑ࠁࣻ
   ҅ദ
   

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3. ਃҳࢎ೦ ࠙ࢳ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ(Object Oriented Analysis, OOA)
   
   - ࢎਊ੗੄ ਃҳࢎ೦ਸ ࠙ࢳೞৈ ਃҳػ ޙઁ৬ ҙ۲ػ ݽٚ ௿ېझ(ё୓), ҙ۲ ࣘࢿ
   ߂ ো࢑, ё୓ р੄ ҙ҅١ਸ ੿੄ೞৈ ݽ؛݂ೞח Ѫ
   
   - ޙઁ ৔৉ীࢲ ё୓ա ѐ֛ٜਸ ଺ইࢲ ӝࣿೞחؘ ઺੼ਸ ك׮.
   

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4. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ҳઑ੸ SW ѐߊ ߑߨۿ
   
   - ҳઑ੸ ࠙ࢳ(Structured Analysis)
   
   - ҳઑ੸ ࢸ҅(Structured Design)
   
   - ҳઑ੸ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Structured
   Programming)
   • ё୓૑ೱ SW ѐߊ ߑߨۿ
   
   - ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ(Object Oriented
   Analysis, OOA)
   
   - ё୓૑ೱ ࢸ҅(Object Oriented
   Design, OOD)
   
   - ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object
   Oriented Programming, OOP)
   

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5. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
   
   - ҳઑ੸ ߑߨۿ੄ ޙઁ੼ਸ ೧Ѿೞӝ ਤ೧ ੋр੉ അप ࣁ҅ܳ ੉೧ೞח ߑधਵ۽ द
   झమਸ ѐߊೞ۰ח ֢۱ਵ۽ ఍ࢤ
   
   - “ؘ੉ఠ৬ ೐۽ࣁझܳ ܻ࠙ೞ૑ ঋҊ ё୓۽ ݽ؛݂”: “ੋр੉ ࢎҊೞח ߑध”
   
   - അप ࣁ҅ী ઓ੤ೞח ѐ֛ਸ ӝ߈ਵ۽ ೠ ё୓ۄח ة݀ػ ױਤ۽ दझమਸ ҳࢿೞ
   Ҋ, п ё୓ח ݫद૑ܳ ా೧ ࢚ഐ੘ਊ
   

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6. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
   
   - ё୓(object)
   ‣ data + operation on data
   
   ‣ instance of class
   
   - ௿ېझ(class)
   ‣ description, abstraction
   
   - ݫࣁ૑(message)
   ‣ ё୓ р ࢚ഐ ੘ਊ(ݫࣗ٘ ഐ୹) ࣻױ
   

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7. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
   
   - ё୓(object)
   ‣ അप ࣁ҅ী ઓ੤ೞח ѐ֛੉ա ޛ୓۽ աఋյ ࣻ ੓ח ױਤ
   
   ‣ ؘ੉ఠ: ௿ېझ੄ ࣘࢿী ׸ӝח ё୓੄ ࢚కܳ աఋղח ੿ࠁ
   
   ‣ ؘ੉ఠী ҙೠ ઑ੘(ݫࣗ٘): ё୓о ୊ܻೡ ࣻ ੓ח ӝמ. ё୓੄ ࢚కܳ ߸҃
   <ࣘࢿ>: <ؘ੉ఠ>
   <ݫࣗ٘>
   ݫद૑ ਽׹
   

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8. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
   
   - ௿ېझ(class)
   ‣ ё୓ܳ ࢤࢿೡ ࣻ ੓ח ҳઑ, ౣ, మ೒݁
   
   ‣ ё୓ܳ “௿ېझ੄ ੋझఢझ(instance)”ۄҊ ܴࠗ
   
   ‣ ௿ېझܳ “ё୓੄ ఋੑ(type)”੉ۄҊ ܴࠗ
   
   ‣ ࢚ਤ ఋੑਵ۽ ୶࢚ചೡ ࣻ ੓ח ؀࢚
   

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9. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
   • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
   
   - ݫࣁ૑(message)
   ‣ ё୓ р ࢚ഐ ੘ਊೡ ٸ ࢎਊغח ࣻױ
   
   ‣ ׮ܲ ё୓ীࢲ ౠ੿ ё୓ܳ ߸҃ೞӝ ਤೠ ਃ୒ नഐ
   
   ‣ ࣻन੗ ё୓ ੉ܴ, ࣻ೯ೡ ݫࣗ٘ ੉ܴ, ੋ੗۽ ҳࢿ
   
   ‣ ݫद૑ܳ ࣻन߉਷ ё୓ח ೧׼ೞח ݫࣗ٘ܳ ࣻ೯ೞৈ ਽׹ ߈ജ
   

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10. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    
    - ୶࢚ച(abstraction)
    ‣ ࢚ࣁೠ ղਊਸ ऀӝҊ ೨ब੸ੋ ࠗ࠙(ౠ૚)ਸ ъઑೞৈ ݽ؛ച
    
    - ஭ङച(encapsulation)
    ‣ ੿ࠁ ਷ץਸ ా೧ ё୓ р Ѿ೤بܳ хࣗदெ ਬ૑ࠁࣻ ਊ੉, ੤ࢎਊࢿ ૐ؀
    
    - ࢚ࣘࢿ(inheritance)
    ‣ ೞਤ ఋੑীࢲ ࢚ਤ ఋੑ੄ ӝמਸ ࢎਊೞৈ ഛ੢ೡ ࣻ ੓ب۾ ೲਊ
    
    - ׮ഋࢿ(polymorphism)
    ‣ ೞਤ ఋੑীࢲ ࢚ਤ ఋੑ੉ ઁҕೞח ߑߨਸ ా೧ Ҋਬೠ ز੘ਸ ࣻ೯ оמ
    

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11. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    
    - ୶࢚ച(abstraction)
    ‣ ё୓ р ҕాػ ࣘࢿ੉ա ೯ਤܳ ୶୹ೞৈ ޘח Ѫ
    
    ‣ ઺ਃೞ૑ ঋѢա ઱ ҙब ؀࢚੉ ইצ ੗ࣁೠ ࠗ࠙਷ х୶ח Ѫ
    
    ‣ झಖҗ ҳഅਸ ܻ࠙ೞӝ ਤೠ ݾ੸ਵ۽ ࢎਊ
    

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12. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    
    - ஭ङച(encapsulation)
    ‣ ࢲ۽ ҙ۲ ੓ח ؘ੉ఠ৬ ੉ܳ ઑ੘ೡ ࣻ ੓ח ݫࣗ٘ܳ ೠ ޘ਺ਵ۽ ୊ܻ
    
    ‣ ੽Ӕ૑੿੗ܳ ాೠ ੿ࠁ ਷ץਵ۽ ղࠗ ؘ੉ఠܳ ৻ࠗ ੽Ӕਵ۽ࠗఠ ࠁഐ
    
    ‣ ё୓ р ࢚ഐ੘ਊਸ ݫद૑݅ਵ۽ оמೞѱ ೣ
    

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13. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    
    - ࢚ࣘࢿ(inheritance)
    ‣ Is-A ҙ҅۽ࢲ ӝઓ ௿ېझ۽ࠗఠ੄ ഛ੢ਸ ਊ੉ೞѱ ೣ
    
    ‣ ӝઓ ௿ېझܳ ੤ࢎਊೡ ࣻ ੓Ҋ, ઺ࠂغח ࠗ࠙ਸ ઁѢೡ ࣻ ੓਺
    

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14. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    
    - ׮ഋࢿ(polymorphism)
    ‣ زੌೠ ੉ܴ੄ ݫࣗ٘о ௿ېझী ٮۄ ׮ܰѱ ੿੄ؼ ࣻ ੓਺
    
    ‣ Overloading

    زੌೠ ੉ܴ੄ ݫࣗ٘о ೞਤ ఋੑীࢲ ׮ܲ ࢎনਵ۽ ੿੄ؼ ࣻ ੓਺
    
    ‣ Overriding

    زੌೠ ݫࣗ٘о ೞਤ ఋੑীࢲ ׮ܲ ز੘ਸ ೞب۾ ੤੿੄ೡ ࣻ ੓਺
    

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15. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ(Object Oriented Analysis, OOA)
    
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࢸ҅(Object Oriented Design, OOD)
    
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    

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16. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ(Object Oriented Analysis, OOA)
    
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࢸ҅(Object Oriented Design, OOD)
    
    • ё୓૑ೱ ೐۽Ӓې߁(Object Oriented Programming, OOP)
    What
    How
    

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17. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳҗ ࢸ҅(Object Oriented Analysis/Design, OOA/D)
    “ё୓(object)੄ ଼੐ਸ ݺഛ൤ ೞח Ѫ”
    “ё୓ܳ ੿੄ೞҊ যڌѱ ࢲ۽ ҙ҅ܳ ݛѱ ೡ Ѫੋо”
    

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18. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ(Object Oriented Analysis, OOA)
    
    - ࢎਊ੗੄ ਃҳࢎ೦ਸ ࠙ࢳೞৈ ਃҳػ ޙઁ৬ ҙ۲ػ ݽٚ ௿ېझ(ё୓), ҙ۲ ࣘࢿ
    ߂ ো࢑, ё୓ р੄ ҙ҅١ਸ ੿੄ೞৈ ݽ؛݂ೞח Ѫ
    
    - ޙઁ ৔৉ীࢲ ё୓ա ѐ֛ٜਸ ଺ইࢲ ӝࣿೞחؘ ઺੼ਸ ك׮. (ѐ֛ ੿੄)
    

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19. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ё୓૑ೱ ࢸ҅(Object Oriented Design, OOD)
    
    - ё୓੄ ѐ֛ਸ ష؀۽ ੿੄ ߂ ҳ୓ചೠ׮. (଼੐ ೡ׼)
    
    - п ё୓ٜ р ࢲ۽ যڌѱ ҙ҅ܳ ݛѱ ೡ Ѫੋоܳ Ѿ੿ೠ׮. (message)
    

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20. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    بݫੋ ѐ֛(ஶࣆ) بݫੋ दпച(಴ӝ) ҳഅ
    Car
    - name
    
    - color
    
    - vendor
    
    - owner
    + openWindow()
    
    + lockDoor()
    
    + start()
    class Car {
    
    String name;
    
    String color;
    
    Vendor vendor;
    
    Person owner;
    
    void openWindow() {}
    
    void lockDoor() {}
    
    void start() {}
    
    }
    

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21. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    <ࢎਊࢎ۹ ੿੄>
    UseCase ׮੉যӒ
    ۔ਸ ా೧ दझమਸ
    ࢎਊೞח ઱୓৬ दझ
    మ੄ ӝמਸ ౵ঈ
    <بݫੋ ݽ؛ ੿੄>
    दझమ ࢎਊ ઱୓ ߂
    दझమ੄ ӝמ੉ ز੘
    ೞӝ ਤ೧ ೙ਃೠ ਃ
    ٜࣗਸ ё୓۽ ಴അ
    <࢚ഐ੘ਊ ׮੉যӒ
    ۔ ੿੄>
    दझమ ࢎਊ ઱୓о
    п بݫੋҗ যڃ ࢚
    ഐ੘ਊਸ ా೧ࢲ ӝמ
    ਸ ੉ਊೞѱ غח૑
    ౵ঈ
    <ࢸ҅ ௿ېझ ੿੄>
    दझమ ࢎਊ ઱୓о
    दझమ੄ ӝמਸ ࢎਊ
    ೞӝ ਤ೧ ೙ਃೠ ਃ
    ٜࣗ݅ ё୓۽ ಴അ
    

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22. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • UML(Unified Modeling Language)
    
    - Rumbaugh੄ OMT, Booch੄ OOD, Jacobson੄ OOSE ١ ׮নೠ ё୓૑ೱ
    ࠙ࢳ ߑߨۿ੉ ઓ੤೮Ҋ, ੉ܳ ా೤ೞӝ ਤ೧ UML ١੢
    
    - ё୓૑ೱ ࠙ࢳ ߂ ࢸ҅ܳ ਤೠ ಴ળചػ ё୓૑ೱ ݽ؛݂ ঱য
    
    - ୨ 14о૑੄ ׮੉যӒ۔ ઙܨ ઓ੤ (ҳઑ ׮੉যӒ۔ 7ѐ, ೯ز ׮੉যӒ۔ 7ѐ)
    

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23. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ઱ࢎਤ ѱ੐ ৘ઁ
    
    - ف ࢎۈ੄ ҃ӝ੗ח 2ѐ੄ ઱ࢎਤܳ ҷ۰ ف ࣻܳ ঳ب۾ ਃ୒ೠ׮.
    
    - दझమ਷ ف ࢎۈ੄ Ѿҗܳ ࠺Үೞৈ, ׮਺੄ ӏ஗ਵ۽ थಁܳ Ѿ੿ೞৈ ୹۱ೠ׮.
    
    ‣ ف ࣻо эਵݴ, ֫਷ ं੗ੌ ҃਋ थܻ
    
    ‣ ف ࣻ੄ ೤੉ ؊ ௾ ҃਋ थܻ
    

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24. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ઱ࢎਤ ѱ੐ ৘ઁ
    
    - 1. ࢎਊ ࢎ۹ ੿੄
    ઱ࢎਤܳ ؍૓׮
    ੤ب੹ೠ׮
    ҃ӝ੗
    

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25. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ઱ࢎਤ ѱ੐ ৘ઁ
    
    - 2. بݫੋ ݽ؛ ੿੄
    Player Die
    - name - faceValue
    Game
    2 2
    Rolls
    Plays
    2
    1
    Includes
    2
    1
    

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26. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ઱ࢎਤ ѱ੐ ৘ઁ
    
    - 3. ࢚ഐ੘ਊ ׮੉যӒ۔ ੿੄
    : Game d1: Die d2: Die
    ҃ӝ੗
    play()
    roll()
    getFaceValue()
    roll()
    getFaceValue()
    

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27. ё୓૑ೱ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ѐߊ
    • ઱ࢎਤ ѱ੐ ৘ઁ
    
    - 4. ࢸ҅ ௿ېझ ੿੄
    2
    1
    Die
    - faceValue : int
    + roll()
    
    + getFaceValue(): int
    Game
    - die1: Die
    
    - die2: Die
    + play()
    

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28. ࢸ҅
    • ୶࢚ച (abstraction)
    
    - ࣁࠗ੸ੋ ҳഅ਷ х୶Ҋ, ੄بܳ աఋղח ӝמਸ ֢୹ೠ׮.
    
    - ೨ब/ҕా੸ੋ ࠗ࠙ਸ ࢚ਤ ఋੑ(௿ېझ/ੋఠಕ੉झ)ਵ۽ ݽਵח Ѫ
    
    - ࢚ਤ ఋੑਸ ా೧ ੄ب(ӝמ)ܳ աఋյ ࣻ ੓Ҋ, ੉ܳ ৻ࠗ ݽٕীࢲ ࢎਊ оמ
    

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29. ࢸ҅
    • ֫਷ ਽૘ب, ծ਷ Ѿ೤ب (high cohension, low coupling)
    
    - ਽૘ب: ೞա੄ ݽٕ(௿ېझ)੉ ੗न੄ ӝמ(଼੐)ਸ ৡ੹ೞѱ ׸׼ೞח ੿ب
    
    - Ѿ೤ب: ৈ۞ ݽٕ(௿ېझ) рী ଵઑೞҊ ੓ח ҙ҅(੄ઓࢿ)о ъೠ ੿ب
    
    - ਽૘بо ֫ইঠ ੤ࢎਊࢿ੉ ֫ই૑Ҋ, Ѿ೤بо ծইঠ ਬ૑ࠁࣻо ਊ੉೧૗.
    

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30. ࢸ҅
    • ইఃఫ୛(architecture) ࢸ҅
    
    - Multitier ইఃఫ୛ (N-tier ইఃఫ୛, Multilayered ইఃఫ୛)
    
    - MVC (Model-View-Controller) ٣੗ੋ ಁఢ
    
    - بݫੋ ઱ب ѐߊ (Domain Driven Development)
    
    - Representational state transfer (REST)
    

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31. ࢸ҅
    • ؘ੉ఠ߬੉झ(database) ࢸ҅
    
    - ҙ҅ഋ DBMS (Relational Database Management System)
    
    - ERD (Entity-Relationship Diagram)
    
    - ؘ੉ఠ߬੉झ ੿ӏച (Database Normalization)
    
    - ؘ੉ఠ߬੉झ ࠙ೡ (Database Partitioning)
    

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32. Reference
    
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Modeling_Language
    
    http://contents.kocw.or.kr/document/lec/2011/33/04/Ch01.pdf
    
    http://byul124.cafe24.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/1/1059072550.pdf
    
    http://cjmyun.tripod.com/Knowledgebase/ConceptsOfObjectOriented.htm
    
    

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