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Front End London: Universal React

Front End London: Universal React

Jack Franklin

May 26, 2016
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  1. "Surprisingly, the propor2on of people that have explicitly disabled JavaScript

    or use a browser that doesn't support JavaScript, only makes up a small slice of people that don't run JavaScript."
  2. "Progressive enhancement has never been about users who've turned JavaScript

    off, or least it wasn't for me." Jake Archibald, "Progressive Enhancement S:ll Important"
  3. Everyone has JS, right? • On a train / in

    a tunnel / etc • HTTP request hangs • Firewalls • ISP is interfering • A browser addon is messing with you • Your CDN is down Stuart Langridge's Flowchart
  4. Cu#ng Edge! We're really s*ll at the early stages of

    figuring out how this stuff works. Some of the code shown here isn't the easiest, or the APIs aren't that straight forward. This will change as we learn more. Don't expect this to be 100% smooth!
  5. A standard React app: class MyApp extends React.Component { render()

    { ... } } ReactDOM.render( <MyApp />, document.getElementById('app') )
  6. // some imports left out to save space import React

    from 'react'; import MyApp from './component'; import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server'; const app = express(); app.get('*', (req, res) => { const markup = renderToString(<MyApp />); res.render('index', { markup }); });
  7. renderToString When your HTML is going to be picked up

    by React on the client renderToSta*cMarkup When your HTML is never going to be edited by client-side React
  8. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>My App</title> </head> <body> <p data-reactid=".nbhys48o3k"

    data-react-checksum="-1312485142">Hello from React</p> </body> </html>
  9. Going Client side • Shared set of components that are

    environment agnos4c • A server rendering step (like we just saw) • A client rendering step • A bundler to generate our client side JavaScript
  10. Upda%ng our server template. <body> <!-- markup will be replaced

    with React generated HTML --> <div id="app"><%- markup %></div> <!-- build.js is our client side bundle --> <script src="build.js"></script> </body>
  11. Crea%ng client.js: import React from 'react'; import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';

    import MyApp from './component'; ReactDOM.render( <MyApp />, document.getElementById('app') );
  12. Create webpack.config.js var path = require('path'); module.exports = { entry:

    path.join(process.cwd(), 'client.js'), output: { path: './public/', filename: 'build.js' }, module: { loaders: [ { test: /.js$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: 'babel' } ] } }
  13. Run webpack: (PS: in produc.on we'd minify, etc!) > webpack

    Hash: 78c865d5593fe910f823 Version: webpack 1.12.12 Time: 4948ms Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names build.js 690 kB 0 [emitted] main + 160 hidden modules (Tip: webpack -w for con,nuous rebuilds)
  14. An interac*ve component export default class MyApp extends React.Component {

    constructor() { super(); this.state = { count: 0 }; } onClick() { this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 }); } render() { return ( <div> <button onClick={this.onClick.bind(this)}>Click Me</button> <p>Count: { this.state.count }</p> </div> ); } }
  15. First we need some more components, star1ng with components/ app.js:

    import React from 'react'; export default class AppComponent extends React.Component { render() { return ( <div> <h2>My web 2.0 app</h2> { this.props.children } </div> ); } } this.props.children are the nested routes.
  16. And then components/index.js: import React from 'react'; export default class

    IndexComponent extends React.Component { render() { return ( <div> <p>This is the index page</p> </div> ); } }
  17. Define our routes: import { Route } from 'react-router'; import

    React from 'react'; import AppComponent from './components/app'; import IndexComponent from './components/index'; export const routes = ( <Route path="" component={AppComponent}> <Route path="/" component={IndexComponent} /> </Route> );
  18. Match against the URL on the server. Gets a bit

    hairy, s-ck with me! React Router server side guide
  19. // our newly defined routes import { routes } from

    './routes'; // match is responsible for matching routes against a URL // RouterContext renders the components in the matched routes import { match, RouterContext } from 'react-router';
  20. app.get('*', (req, res) => { match({ routes, location: req.url },

    (error, redirectLocation, renderProps) => { if (error) { res.status(500).send(error.message) } else if (redirectLocation) { res.redirect(302, redirectLocation.pathname + redirectLocation.search) } else if (renderProps) { res.render('index', { markup: renderToString(<RouterContext {...renderProps} />) }); } else { res.status(404).send('Not found') } }) });
  21. // take our app's routes, and the URL of the

    request match({ routes, location: req.url }, (error, redirectLocation, renderProps) => { // error: given if something went wrong matching a route // redirectLocation: returned if the URL matches a redirect // renderProps: given if a route was matched and we can render ... });
  22. if (error) { // if there was an error, 500

    with the error message // you might show a custom error HTML page here res.status(500).send(error.message) } else if (redirectLocation) { ... }
  23. ... } else if (redirectLocation) { // if we need

    to redirect, redirect to the new URL res.redirect(302, redirectLocation.pathname + redirectLocation.search) } else if (renderProps) { ... }
  24. ... } else if (renderProps) { // if we have

    renderProps that means we have a match and can render res.render('index', { // RouterContext is React Router's wrapper around our app // and renderProps contains all the info // React Router needs to render our app markup: renderToString(<RouterContext {...renderProps} />) }); } else { ... }
  25. } else { // if we get here, it's not

    an error, redirect or match // hence, 404! res.status(404).send('Not found') }
  26. components/about.js: import React from 'react'; export default class AboutComponent extends

    React.Component { render() { return <p>Rockstar developer</p>; } }
  27. routes.js: import AppComponent from './components/app'; import IndexComponent from './components/index'; import

    AboutComponent from './components/about'; import React from 'react'; import { Route } from 'react-router'; export const routes = ( <Route path="" component={AppComponent}> <Route path="/" component={IndexComponent} /> <Route path="/about" component={AboutComponent} /> </Route> );
  28. And some links... ... render() { return ( <div> <h2>My

    web 2.0 app</h2> <Link to="/">Home</Link> <Link to="/about">About</Link> { this.props.children } </div> ); } ...
  29. Upda%ng the client side: import React from 'react'; import ReactDOM

    from 'react-dom'; import { Router, browserHistory } from 'react-router'; import { routes } from './routes'; ReactDOM.render( <Router routes={routes} history={browserHistory} />, document.getElementById('app') ) And then rerun webpack.
  30. 1. We want to be able to fetch data on

    the server and/or on the client. 2. If the data is loaded on the server and rendered to the client, we ideally want to avoid making the request again.
  31. code/with-react-resolver has an example. class IndexComponent extends React.Component { render()

    { return ( <div> <p>This is the index page</p> <p>My github repo count: { this.props.github.public_repos }</p> </div> ); } } export default resolve('github', (props) => { return fetch('https://api.github.com/users/jackfranklin').then((data) => { return data.json(); }); })(IndexComponent);
  32. Client: ... import { Resolver } from 'react-resolver'; Resolver.render(() =>

    { return <Router history={browserHistory} routes={routes} /> }, document.getElementById('app'));
  33. Server: import { Resolver } from 'react-resolver'; ... Resolver .resolve(()

    => <RouterContext {...renderProps} />) .then(({ Resolved, data }) => { res.render('index', { markup: renderToString(<Resolved />), data: JSON.stringify(data) }); });
  34. • Update the server side rendering to include window.__REACT_RESOLVER_PAYLOAD__. •

    Update the client side rendering to use React Resolver. • All data is resolved on the server, rendered and then used to populate data on the client.
  35. Code and Demos These slides and all the demos are

    on GitHub. jackfranklin/universal-react-talk Please send me ques,ons: @Jack_Franklin or [email protected].
  36. Universal JavaScript is here to stay. The techniques, libraries and

    approaches will change over 7me. There's plenty to figure out in this space! Long term I expect frameworks to do more, and it become even easier for developers to take advantage.
  37. Further Reading • Universal React on 24ways • How we

    built the new gocardless.com • GoCardless.com repo • Universal React Example app
  38. If you dig React I can make you dig it

    more! Day long React workshop in London: • 10 June