Building an Electric Vehicle Route Planner

Transcript

1. BUILDING AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE ROUTE PLANNER JAMES KUANG
2. BUILDING AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE ROUTE PLANNER AGENDA ▸ Why a route planner? ▸ Primer on Electric Vehicles (EV) ▸ Charging infrastructure ▸ Routing ▸ Challenges
3. BUILDING AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE ROUTE PLANNER WHY A ROUTE PLANNER? ▸ Long distance trips ▸ Lack of charging infrastructure ▸ Lack of access to charging ▸ Charging times ▸ Fun problem to solve
4. ELECTRIC VEHICLES PROS ▸ Performance ▸ Safety ▸ Lower cost of maintenance* ▸ Regenerative braking ▸ No exhaust fumes * https://qz.com/1571956/new-york-city-says-electric-cars-cheapest-option-for-its-fleet/ * https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/dcas/downloads/pdf/fleet/NYC-Fleet-Newsletter-255-March-8-2019- Reducing-Maintenance-Costs-With-Electric-Vehicles.pdf
5. ELECTRIC VEHICLES CONS ▸ Batteries are expensive ▸ Typically less range ▸ Charging times ▸ Charging infrastructure
6. CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE WHERE TO CHARGE? ▸ Home ▸ Built into places people go: ▸ Shopping areas ▸ Parking garages ▸ Rest stops ▸ Anywhere with electricity!
7. https://www.plugshare.com
8. https://www.tesla.com/findus
9. ELECTRIC VEHICLES TERMINOLOGY Internal Combustion Engine Electric Capacity gallons, liters (volume) watt-hour (Wh) (energy) Economy/Efficiency MPG, km/L m/kWh, km/kWh Consumption gallons/100 miles, liters/100 kilometers, Wh/m, Wh/km
10. ROUTING PLANNING THE ROUTE PLANNER ▸ Similar to navigation apps (Google maps, etc.) ▸ Start & end ▸ Charging stops as waypoints ▸ Naive, probably not the best approach ▸ Identify base and recursive cases ▸ Find as many edge cases as possible ▸ Continuous work in progress…
11. ROUTING ROUTING GLOSSARY ▸ Itinerary - start, end, routes, charging stops ▸ Start - beginning of itinerary, first input as Source ▸ End - end of itinerary, first input as Destination ▸ Source - beginning of a route, input into recursive function ▸ Destination - end of a route, input into recursive function ▸ Route - coordinates, navigable course from Source to Destination ▸ Charging Stop - coordinate
12. ROUTING ROUTING PARAMETERS ▸ Departure Charge - The charge level at the start of your trip ▸ Minimum Charge - The charge level before looking for chargers ▸ Maximum Charge - The charge level to charge to before continuing the trip ▸ Arrival Charge - The minimum level remaining when arriving at your destination
22. ROUTING ROUTING PARAMETERS ▸ Capacity: 74 kWh ▸ Range: 310 miles ▸ Consumption = Capacity / Range ▸ Consumption: 238 Wh/m ▸ More realistic Consumption: 260 Wh/m ▸ More realistic Range: 284 miles ▸ Let’s call this usableRange
23. ROUTING RANGES ▸ usableRange: 284 miles ▸ usableRangeAfterDeparture ▸ 100 - 15 = 85% of usableRange ▸ usableRangeBetweenCharges ▸ 90 - 15 = 75% of usableRange ▸ usableRangeBeforeArrival ▸ 90 - 40 = 50% of usableRange
24. 1. DEPARTURE 100% 2. MINIMUM 15% 3. MAXIMUM 90% 4. MINIMUM 15% 5. MAXIMUM 90% 6. MINIMUM 15% 7. MAXIMUM 90% 8. ARRIVAL 40%
25. 1. DEPARTURE 100% 2. MINIMUM 15% 3. MAXIMUM 90% 4. MINIMUM 15% 5. MAXIMUM 90% 6. MINIMUM 15% 7. MAXIMUM 90% 8. ARRIVAL 40% usableRangeAfterDeparture usableRangeBetweenCharges usableRangeBetweenCharges usableRangeBeforeArrival
26. ROUTING ITINERARY ▸ Initial function ▸ Inputs: Source, Destination ▸ Outputs: [Route], [ChargingStop] ▸ Recursive function ▸ Inputs: Accumulator, Source ▸ Outputs: New Accumulator, Next Source ▸ Accumulator holds Routes and ChargingStops taken thus far, along with flags useful for determining whether to continue
30. CHALLENGES MANY EDGE CASES ▸ This is a happy path, average case ▸ Using the wrong usableRange in various cases, such as: ▸ No charging required, but we must maintain arrival charge? ▸ Can reach destination, but still want to maintain arrival charge? ▸ Probably many more…
31. CHALLENGES RESPECTING ARRIVAL CHARGE (EX: >50%)
32. CHALLENGES RESPECTING ARRIVAL CHARGE (EX: >50%)
33. CHALLENGES BACKTRACKING
34. CHALLENGES ALTERNATE ROUTES
35. CHALLENGES ROUTING IMPROVEMENTS ▸ Round-trip ▸ Charging times at each stop ▸ Account for things that may affect consumption: ▸ Weather ▸ Elevation ▸ Towing
36. END THANK YOU ▸ Download Replug from the App Store ▸ https://apps.apple.com/us/app/ replug/id1279136790 ▸ Q&A