Advanced Android Development Tools

This slide deck focuses on productivity of Android developer. It also helps understand some concepts in Android Studio, comparison between Android Studio and Eclipse, Android Studio plugins, Gradle, some useful tips and tools

Transcript

1. Advanced Android Development Tools
2. Introduction Jaydeep Wagh Android Engineer Changer Technologies
3. Lets Get Productive At... • IDE • Build System • Emulators • Libraries • Tools
4. Should I start using Android Studio?
5. YES!
6. Android Studio • Goodness of IntelliJ • Template based wizards • IDE Enhancements • Graphical Layout Preview with device art • Built-in VCS and it works!! • IDE themes (Dracula. Awesomeness)
7. Android Studio Walk Through
8. IDE features • String previews • Icons and color previews in gutter • Easy strings externalization to strings.xml • @Nullable and @NonNull annotations for easy Null check. • Keymaps and key bindings • Different Project Structures • Design time layout attributes • Record video • High resolution screenshots • Memory monitor
9. Shortcuts Nirvana • Rename refactor = Shift + F6 • Block conditionals = Ctrl + Shift + Enter • Extract to a method = Ctrl + Alt + M • Search a file = Ctrl + Shift + N • Search a class = Ctrl + N • Recently changed files = Ctrl + Shift + E • Goto a symbol = Ctrl + Alt + Shift + N • Group rename = Ctrl + Alt + mouse selection
10. Productivity Guide Help -> Productivity Guide
11. Layout Editor • Smart suggestions • Keeps code and graphical preview in sync • Preview on different screens • Preview with different locales
12. Awesome Plugins • ADB IDEA • Genymotion • Parcelable Generator (download) • Selector Chapek (download)
13. Eclipse ~ Android Studio • Run configuration ~ Edit configuration • Project properties ~ Module settings • Manual file system refresh ~ Auto file system refresh • Java project structure ~ Android project structure • project.properties ~ settings.gradle
14. Gradle Build System
15. Why Gradle?
21. Dependency Management dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: ‘libs’, include: [‘*.jar’]) compile ‘com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0’ compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:1.7.0’ }
22. External Module Dependencies dependencies { compile ‘com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0’ compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:1.7.0’ } How it works? “group:artifactId:version”
23. File Dependencies dependencies { compile files(‘libs/a.jar’, ‘libs/b.jar’) compile fileTree(dir: ‘libs’, include: [‘*.jar’]) }
24. Project dependencies dependencies { compile project(‘:libLocalGradleProject1’) compile project(‘:libLocalGradleProject2’) }
25. Gradle please! gradleplease.appspot.com
26. Product Flavors productFlavors { free { applicationId = "com.example.my.pkg.free" } paid { applicationId = "com.example.my.pkg.paid" } }
27. Build Types buildTypes { release { // your release configuration runProgaurd true } debug { // your debug configuration runProgaurd false } }
28. Build Variant Build variant = Build type + Product flavor
29. AAR Format The 'aar' bundle is the binary distribution of an Android Library Project ▪ /AndroidManifest.xml (mandatory) ▪ /classes.jar (mandatory) ▪ /res/ (mandatory) ▪ /R.txt (mandatory) ▪ /assets/ (optional) ▪ /libs/*.jar (optional) ▪ /jni/<abi>/*.so (optional) ▪ /proguard.txt (optional) ▪ /lint.jar (optional)
30. applicationId != package applicationId = Unique identifier for the app on device and Google Play package = Place where R class resides
31. Gradle Summary • Simple Android project • Automate app signing • Build variants • Manage dependencies • Automate publishing to Google Play Store
32. Emulators • High speed (faster than QEMU supported by SDK emulator) • Easy to get started with • Based on AndroVM Open Source project • Integrates with Eclipse/Android Studio via plugins • Amazing hardware feature access • Multi-platform
33. Hardware Features • Camera • GPS • Battery • Speaker • Microphone • Rotation • Physical Keyboard • Customizable resolutions
34. Software Features • API level 20 ready! • OpenGL • Virtual Keys • Full Screen(F11) • CLI support • Emulates most widely used devices
35. Flexibility • Monkey • Robotium • UI Automator • Jenkins Can I test apps using these on Genymotion? YES
36. Libraries & Tools Write less, achieve more!
37. Less mistakes Productive development {Less code}
39. Libraries • Retrofit • Picasso • Universal Image Loader • Android Annotations • ExoPlayer
40. Retrofit Type safe networking library for Android and Java • Exposes REST API as a Java interface • URL parameter replacement and query parameter support • Automatic object conversion to request body(JSON default) • Multi-part requests and file uploads
41. Github Client 1/3 public interface GitHubClient { @GET("/users/{user}/repos") List<Repo> listRepos(@Path("user") String user); }
42. Github Client 2/3 RestAdapter restAdapter = new RestAdapter.Builder() .setEndpoint("https://api.github.com") .build(); GitHubClient client = restAdapter.create(GitHubClient.class);
43. Github Client 3/3 List<Repo> repos = client.listRepos("jaydeepw"); Thats it! Locked and loaded!
44. Url Manipulation @GET("/group/{id}/users") List<User> groupList(@Path("id") long groupId); // request group members List<User> list = client.groupList(98748177231); // resultant url // https://api.github.com/group/98748177231/users
45. Query Parameter @GET("/group/{id}/users") List<User> groupList(@Path("id") int groupId, @Query("sort") String sortValue); // request group members List<User> list = client.groupList(98748177231, “lastName”); // resultant url // https://api.github.com/group/98748177231/users?sort=lastName
46. Multiple Query Parameters @GET("/group/{id}/users") List<User> groupList(@Path("id") int groupId, @QueryMap Map<String, String> options);
47. Multiple Query Parameters // request group members with filters HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap(); params.add(“sort”, “lastName”); params.add(“scope”, “myCompany”); params.add(“bio”, “allowed”); List<User> list = client.groupList(98748177231, params); // resultant url // https://api.github.com/group/98748177231/users? sort=lastName&scope=myCompany&bio=allowed
48. Synchronous vs Asynchronous Calls // A method with a return type will be executed synchronously @GET("/user/{id}/photo") Photo getUserPhoto(@Path("id") int id); // Asynchronous execution requires last parameter to be Callback object @GET("/user/{id}/photo") void getUserPhoto(@Path("id") int id, Callback<Photo> cb);
49. Raw HTTP Response // For accessing raw HTTP response, specify Response class @GET("/users/list") Response userList(); @GET("/users/list") void userList(Callback<Response> cb); @GET("/users/list") Observable<Response> userList();
50. More Features • Header manipulation • Custom response data converters • Custom error handling • Useful logging levels • Both Maven and Gradle dependencies available
51. Picasso A powerful image loading and caching library for Android • Simple API • Handles ImageView recycling and request cancellation in an Adapter • Complex image transformations with minimal memory use • Automatic memory and disc caching
52. Sample Usage Picasso.with(context) .load(url) .into(imageView)
53. Adapter Downloads @Override public void getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { SquaredImageView view = (SquaredImageView) convertView; if (view == null) { view = new SquaredImageView(context); } String url = getItem(position); Picasso.with(context).load(url).into(view); }
54. Placeholder Images Picasso.with(context) .load(url) .placeholder(R.drawable.user_placeholder) .error(R.drawable.user_placeholder_error) .into(imageView);
55. Accepted URI Types Picasso.with(context) .load(R.drawable.landing_screen) .into(imageView1); Resource Uris
56. Accepted URI Types Picasso.with(context) .load(new File(filePath)) .into(imageView1); File Uris
57. Accepted URI Types Picasso.with(context) .load(“file:///android_asset/thumb/101.jpg”) .into(imageView1); Asset Uris
58. Accepted URI Types Picasso.with(context) .load(“content://media/external/audio/albumart/1”) .into(imageView1); Content Uris
59. Summary • Simple API • Not very customizable • No API to enable default configuration • Lower memory footprint • Smaller in size (just around 85KB) • All requests are asynchronous • Allows image transformations
60. Universal Image Loader A powerful image loading and caching library for Android • Customizable API • Provides both sync and async image loading • Provides greater control over loading and caching • Great documentation
61. Sample Usage ImageLoader.getInstance() .loadImage(imageUri, imageView);
62. Using Callback / / Load image, decode it to Bitmap and return Bitmap to callback imageLoader.loadImage(imageUri, new SimpleImageLoadingListener() { @Override public void onLoadingComplete(String imageUri, View view, Bitmap loadedImage) { // Do whatever you want with Bitmap } });
63. Synchronous Loading imageLoader.loadImageSync(imageUri, imageView);
64. Summary • Highly customizable • Provides API to enable default configuration • Moderate memory footprint • Comparatively bulky in size (about 150KB) • Doesn’t allows image transformations
65. Android Annotations Advanced dependency injection • Inject views • Improves code readability • Enhance Activities • Enhance Fragments • Lot more
66. Sample Usage public class BookmarksToClipboardActivity extends Activity { EditText searchBox; Button search; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); getWindow().setFlags(FLAG_FULLSCREEN, FLAG_FULLSCREEN); setContentView(R.layout.bookmarks); searchBox = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.search_box); search = (Button) findViewById(R.id.search_btn); search.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener( public void onClick(View view) { // start searching... } )); }
67. Annotations Awesomeness @NoTitle @Fullscreen @EActivity(R.layout.bookmarks) public class BookmarksToClipboardActivity extends Activity { @ViewById(R.id.search_box) EditText searchBox; @ViewById(R.id.search_btn) Button search; @onClick(R.id.search_btn) void onSearchClick() { // start searching... } @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); } }
68. Exoplayer Open source library to play audio/video on Android by Google • Provides features not currently provided by MediaPlayer class • Supports Dynamic Adapter Streaming over HTTP (DASH) • Smooth streaming • Persistent caching • DRM protected playback(API 18+)
69. Useful Tools • AndroidArsenal.com • AndroidCustomViews.com • AndroidPttrns.com • Clean status bar • App rater • DPI calculator • Postman REST API client
70. Clean Status Download
71. App Rater public class HomeActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); AppRater.app_launched(this); } } • Simple initialization • Enable/disable on version update using setVersionCodeCheckEnabled() • Provides Market interface to implement your own app market url.
72. DPI Calculator
73. Postman REST API Browser Client Download Browser client to call API and retrieve response data
74. Protips public class MembersAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Member> { ArrayList<Member> mMembers; public LogsAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, ArrayList<Member> members) { super(context, textViewResourceId, members); mMembers = members; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Member member = mMembers.get(position); // incorrect way Member member = getItem(position); // correct way } }
75. Protips LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater; @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Object object = getItem(position); if (convertView == null) { // incorrect way convertView = mLayoutInflator .inflate(R.layout.title_strip, parent, false); // correct way convertView = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()) .inflate(R.layout.title_strip, parent, false); } }
76. Protips Lets stop using HttpClient class and use HttpURLConnection
77. Thank you! +jaydeepwagh @jaydeep_w jaydeepw