Tuenti - Hardcore PHP - UAM

@ Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (2011)

Transcript

3. INTRO • Senior Frontend Engineer @ Tuenti • C#/.NET background, now a bit of PHP knowledge • diego@tuenti.com • twitter.com/kartones
4. AGENDA • The Goal • Shared Hosting to Tuenti-like scale webs • Typical PHP • PHP Practices • Coding Practices • Web Practices
5. THE GOAL
6. THE REAL GOAL Avoid the PHP joke
7. THE REAL REAL GOAL Build quality PHP code
8. SHARED HOSTING Internet Frontend + DB
9. FIRST SPLIT Internet Frontend DB
10. MORE FRONTENDS Internet Frontends DB
11. CACHING TIME Internet Frontends DB Cache
12. MORE CACHING Internet Frontends DB Cache
13. MASTER/SLAVE DBS Internet Frontends DBs Cache
14. TUENTI (OVERVIEW) Internet Farm 1 Farm 2 Farm N Others Frontends Caches DBs
15. TYPICAL PHP •HTML + PHP script blocks + DB Queries •If lucky, separated into ¨functions¨ and templates (PHPBB, Wordpress…) •No Object Orientation
16. TYPICAL PHP News since your last visit: <ul> <? $e = $_POST['email']; $news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'"); […] foreach($news as $newsItem) { ?> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li> <? } ?> </ul>
17. TYPICAL PHP News since your last visit: <ul> <? $e = $_POST['email']; $news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'"); […] foreach($news as $newsItem) { ?> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li> <? } ?> </ul>
18. TYPICAL PHP News since your last visit: <ul> <? $e = $_POST['email']; $news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'"); […] foreach($news as $newsItem) { ?> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li> <? } ?> </ul>
19. TYPICAL PHP News since your last visit: <ul> <? $e = $_POST['email']; $news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'"); […] foreach($news as $newsItem) { ?> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li> <? } ?> </ul>
20. TYPICAL PHP function crop_string($string) { if (strlen($string) > 30) { $string = substr($string, 0, 30) . “…”; } return $string; } $text = crop_string(“developers,developers,developers,developers”);
21. TYPICAL PHP class StringHelper { const CROP_ELLIPSIS = ‘…’; const CROP_DEFAULT_SIZE = 30; public static function Crop($text, $cropLength = self::CROP_DEFAULT_SIZE) { if (mb_strlen($text) > $cropLength) { $croppedText = substr($text,0,$cropLength) . Self::CROP_ELLIPSIS; } else { $croppedText = $text; } return $croppedText; } $text = StringHelper::Crop(“developers,developers,developers,developers”);
22. PHP PRACTICES •PHP 5.3 (or the newest stable version) •Object Orientation •Namespaces / structured source code tree
23. PHP PRACTICES •Layered code •MVC is typical and good Controller Model View
24. PHP PRACTICES •Breaking loops is ugly for($i = 0; $i < count($items); $i++) { if ($items[$i] == searchedItem) { break; } }
25. PHP PRACTICES •Break-free $found = false; for($i = 0; $i < count($items) && !$found; $i++) { if ($items[$i] == searchedItem) { $found = true; } }
26. PHP PRACTICES • Try to keep memory usage low •Less memory, more concurrent PHP processes • unset() • ini_set(“memory_limit”,”8M”);
27. PHP PRACTICES •Singleton in PHP != Singleton in Java/C#/C++ •Same PHP execution = same singleton •2 page requests = 2 different singletons •Terribly dangerous in tests •Implement a ¨flushSingleton()¨ static method
28. PHP PRACTICES •Homogeneous code •Comments •@author tag (Sign your code!) •Proper variables casing & naming •Good source tree = easy to guess where to find a class •Avoids personal bad practices
29. PHP PRACTICES • Avoid non testeable objects class Game { private $player1 = new GamePlayer(); private $player2 = new GamePlayer(); public function Play() { // Logic that uses $player1 & $player2 } }
30. PHP PRACTICES • Create testeable objects class Game { private $player1 = null; private $player2 = null; public function __construct(IGameEntity $playerA, IGameEntity $playerB) { $this->player1 = $playerA; $this->player2 = $playerB; } public function Play() { // Logic that uses $player1 & $player2 } }
31. PHP PRACTICES • Defensive Programming • defined() • isset() • class_exists() • method_exists()
32. CODING PRACTICES Learn & use Source Code Control •Distributed •Best options: SVN,Git, Mercurial •Always linked to a ticket control system •Learn to branch, diff, merge, resolve conflicts •Hard at first, pays off in big projects
33. CODING PRACTICES Learn & do Testing •Unit tests •Test DB data (Fixtures) •Mock Objects •Integration tests •Acceptance tests
34. WEB PRACTICES •Learn Kung-fu: •HTTP protocol basics •Some Javascript •Minimal CSS •Robots.txt •Favicon.ico •Sitemap.xml •Cookies •Encoding •Web Security basics
35. WEB PRACTICES •Minimize HTML, CSS, JS •Google closure Compiler •YuiCompressor •Firebug •Use tools to detect improvements: •PageSpeed (Firefox/Chrome) •YSlow (Firefox) •MySpace Performance Tracker (IE)
36. WEB PRACTICES •Use the client to store data •Cookies (4KB max) •LocalStorage (HTML5) •Global scoped Javascript variables (AJAX only) •Javascript Datasources (Tuenti AJAX)
37. WEB PRACTICES •If you don’t need realtime, be lazy •Lazy loading •Lazy deletion •Job queues instead of realtime operations
38. THE END ¿Questions? http://dev.tuenti.com http://jobs.tuenti.com