持続的なアプリ開発のためのDXを支える技術

࣋ଓతͳΞϓϦ։ൃͷͨΊͷ
DXΛࢧ͑Δٕज़
KeithYokoma (Keishin Yokomaku) / 
DroidKaigi 2020

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࣋ଓతͳΞϓϦ։ൃͷͨΊͷDXΛࢧ͑Δٕज़
About Me
▸ Keishin Yokomaku
▸ @KeithYokoma: GitHub / Twitter / Qiita / Stack Overﬂow
▸ Merpay, Inc. / Engineer
▸ Fun: Gymnastics / Cycling / Photography / Motorsport / Camping
DroidKaigi 2020
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͜ͷηογϣϯͷ໨త: Objectives
▸ ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷ։ൃϓϩηεΛ࣋ଓతʹૉૣ͘ճ͚ͭͮ͠ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ
▸ ΤϯδχΞϦϯάνʔϜͱͯ͠ɺΑ͍ DX Λ֫ಘ͢ΔͨΊɺ 
։ൃʹணख͢Δલ͔Β࣮ࡍʹϦϦʔεͯ͠ӡ༻͍ͯ͘͠·Ͱͷؒʹɺ 
ͲΜͳ͜ͱʹ஫໨ͯ͠ࢪࡦʹऔΓ૊ΉͱΑ͍͔ɺࢦ਑Λࣔ͠·͢
DroidKaigi 2020
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Developer Experience
։ൃମݧ
DroidKaigi 2020

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ͳͥ DX ͕ॏཁ͔: Why DX matters?
▸ ϓϩμΫτ͸೔ʑ੒௕Λଓ͚Δ
▸ ৽ػೳͷ௥Ճ
▸ طଘػೳͷվम
▸ όάमਖ਼
▸ ͳͲ
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▸ ιʔείʔυ΋ຖ೔มԽΛ͠ଓ͚Δ
▸ ৽͍͠Ϋϥεɾϝιουͷ௥Ճ
▸ طଘΫϥεɾϝιουͷৼΔ෣͍ͷมߋ
▸ ϥΠϒϥϦͷߋ৽
▸ ͳͲ
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▸ ୹ظؒͷΠςϨʔγϣϯΛܧଓ͠ɺϓϩμΫτΛ੒௕ͤ͞Δϓϩηε͕ඞཁ
▸ 1 ~ 2 िؒ͝ͱͷϦϦʔεͰԾઆݕূΛͲΜͲΜճ͍ͯ͘͠
▸ ૉૣ͍ػೳ࣮૷ʢࡉ͔͘࡞Γ্͍͛ͯ͘ϓϩηεͷ܁Γฦ͠ʣ
▸ ૉૣ͍ৼΓฦΓʢࡉֶ͔͘ͼΛൃݟ͠దԠ͍ͯ͘͠ϓϩηεͷ܁Γฦ͠ʣ
DroidKaigi 2020
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▸ ୹ظؒͷΠςϨʔγϣϯΛܧଓ͠ɺϓϩμΫτΛ੒௕ͤ͞Δϓϩηε͕ඞཁ
▸ 1 ~ 2 िؒ͝ͱͷϦϦʔεͰԾઆݕূΛͲΜͲΜճ͍ͯ͘͠
▸ ૉૣ͍ػೳ࣮૷ʢࡉ͔͘࡞Γ্͍͛ͯ͘ϓϩηεͷ܁Γฦ͠ʣ
▸ ૉૣ͍ৼΓฦΓʢࡉֶ͔͘ͼΛൃݟ͠దԠ͍ͯ͘͠ϓϩηεͷ܁Γฦ͠ʣ
▸ Α͍ DX Λ࡞Δ͜ͱͰɺ͜ͷϓϩηεΛ͏·͘ճͤΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ
▸ DX ͸ϓϩμΫτͷ੒௕ʹඞཁෆՄܽ
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DroidKaigi 2020
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Agenda
▸ ࣄલ४උ
▸ ઃܭ
▸ ։ൃϓϩηε
▸ ϦϦʔε
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Preparation 
ࣄલ४උ
DroidKaigi 2020

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ࣄલ४උ: Preparation
▸ ࣄલʹνʔϜͰ࿩͠߹͓ͬͯ͘ͱΑ͍͜ͱ
▸ ίʔσΟϯάن໿
▸ ϒϥϯνઓུ
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ίʔσΟϯάن໿: Coding standards
▸ ίʔυͷॻ͖ํ (ελΠϧ) ʹ͍ͭͯೝࣝΛἧ͑Δ
▸ εϖʔεΠϯσϯτ vs λϒΠϯσϯτ
▸ ࠷ऴߦʹվߦΛ͍ΕΔ͔Ͳ͏͔
▸ Ұߦͷ௕͞
▸ etc…
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ίʔσΟϯάن໿: Coding standards
▸ ίʔσΟϯάن໿ΛϦϙδτϦͰڞ༗͍ͨ͠
▸ .editorconﬁg
▸ IDE ʹίʔσΟϯάن໿ʹैͬͨϑΥʔϚοτΛͤ͞Δ
▸ AndroidStudio/IntelliJ IDEA ͳΒ௥Ճͷ Plugin ͳ͠Ͱ࢖͑Δ
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.editorconﬁg ͷྫ: .editorconﬁg example
root = true

[*] "// apply the following styles to all files

indent_style = space

indent_size = 2

end_of_line = lf

charset = utf-8

trim_trailing_whitespace = true

insert_final_newline = true

[*.{java,kt,kts,xml}] "// only apply to java/kt/kts/xml files

max_line_length = 140

[*.md] "// only apply to markdown files

trim_trailing_whitespace = false

DroidKaigi 2020

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ϒϥϯνઓུ: Branch strategy
▸ ϒϥϯν͝ͱʹ໾ׂΛܾΊͯӡ༻͢ΔͨΊͷϧʔϧͮ͘Γ
▸ Git ﬂow
▸ GitHub ﬂow
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Git ﬂow
▸ master
▸ ϦϦʔε͝ͱʹ develop ΛϚʔδ͠ tag ΛଧͭͨΊͷϒϥϯν
▸ develop
▸ ීஈͷ։ൃʹ͓͍ͯɺϨϏϡʔࡁΈͷࠩ෼ΛऔΓࠐΈଓ͚Δϒϥϯν
▸ release/hotﬁx branches
▸ ϨϏϡʔࡁΈͷόάमਖ਼ࠩ෼ΛऔΓࠐΉϒϥϯν
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Git ﬂow - Overview
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master
hotfix!/*
release!/*
bugfix"/*
feature"/*
develop
v1.1.0 v1.1.1

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Git ﬂow - Feature development
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master
hotfix!/*
release!/*
bugfix"/*
feature"/*
develop
Feature A Feature B

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Git ﬂow - Feature veriﬁcation and release for v1.1.0
DroidKaigi 2020
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master
hotfix!/*
release!/*
bugfix"/*
feature"/*
develop
v1.1.0
Bugfix Bugfix Bugfix

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Git ﬂow
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master
hotfix!/*
release!/*
bugfix"/*
feature"/*
develop
v1.1.0 v1.1.1
Bugfix

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GitHub ﬂow
▸ master
▸ ৗʹϦϦʔεՄೳͳࠩ෼Λอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δϒϥϯν
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GitHub ﬂow
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master
v1.1.0 v1.3.0
feature"/*
Feature A Feature A
v1.2.0
Bugfix
v1.2.1
Feature C

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ϒϥϯνઓུͷൺֱ: Comparison between Git flow and GitHub flow
▸ Git flow
▸ ϦϦʔεʹ޲͚ͨࠩ෼؅ཧͷͨΊͷϒϥϯνͷ෼͚ํΛ͢Δ
▸ ωΠςΟϒΞϓϦͱ૬ੑ͕͍͍
▸ GitHub flow
▸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛࡉ͔͘σϓϩΠ͢Δ͜ͱʹϑΥʔΧε͍ͯ͠Δ
▸ සൟʹσϓϩΠ͢ΔαʔόʔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͱ૬ੑ͕͍͍
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ϒϥϯνઓུͷ࠷దԽ: Optimize branch strategy
▸ ࣗ෼ͨͪͷϫʔΫϑϩʔʹ࠷దԽͯ͠ OK
▸ Git ﬂow ͸΍Δ͜ͱ͕ଟͯ͘؅ཧ͕໘౗ʹͳΓ͕ͪ
▸ GitHub ﬂow Ͱ͸ QA ϑΣʔζͷͱ͖ɺ 
ฏߦͯ͠ػೳ։ൃϒϥϯνΛϚʔδͮ͠Β͘ͳΔ
➡ ྆ऀͷؒͷࢠͷΑ͏ͳઓུΛߟ͑ͯΈΔ
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Combination of Git ﬂow and GitHub ﬂow
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master
feature"/*
release!/*
Feature A Feature B
bugfix"/*
Bugfix Bugfix
hotfix!/*
v1.1.0
Bugfix
v1.1.1

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DroidKaigi 2020
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master
feature"/*
release!/*
Feature A Feature B
bugfix"/*
hotfix!/*

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DroidKaigi 2020
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master
feature"/*
release!/*
Feature A Feature B
bugfix"/*
Bugfix Bugfix
v1.1.0
hotfix!/*

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DroidKaigi 2020
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master
feature"/*
release!/*
Feature A Feature B
bugfix"/*
Bugfix Bugfix
hotfix!/*
v1.1.0
Bugfix
v1.1.1

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Architecture
ઃܭ
DroidKaigi 2020

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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ઃܭΛߟ͑Δͱ͖ͷϙΠϯτΛ཈͑Δ
▸ ઃܭͷ໨త
▸ ϢχοτςετͰ͔֬ΊΔ͜ͱ͕Β
▸ ઃܭΛॿ͚ΔϞδϡʔϧߏ੒
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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ͲͷύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔
▸ MVVM
▸ MVP
▸ MVC
▸ MVI
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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ͲͷύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔
▸ MVVM
▸ MVP
▸ MVC
▸ MVI
▸ ͍ͬͺ͍͋Δ
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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ઃܭΛ͢Δ໨త
▸ Ϋϥε΍ϝιουʹద੾ͳ໋໊Λͯ͠ɺؔ৺Λ෼͔Γ΍͘͢͢Δ
▸ ؔ৺Λ෼཭ͯ͠ɺϝϯςφϯε΍ςετΛ͠΍͘͢͢Δ
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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷઃܭͰϑΥʔΧε͍ͨ͜͠ͱ
▸ API௨৴΍ϏδωεϩδοΫͳͲΛը໘ͷ࣮૷͔Β͏·͘෼཭͍ͨ͠
▸ ը໘͕΋ͭঢ়ଶͱͦͷભҠͷํ๏Λ͏·͘දݱ͍ͨ͠
▸ ঢ়ଶʹԠͨ͡ UI ͷߋ৽ϩδοΫΛ੾Γ཭͍ͨ͠
▸ ͜ΕΒ͕Ϣχοτςετ͠΍͍͢ܗͰ࣮ݱͰ͖Δ͜ͱ
▸ ඞཁ࠷௿ݶͷϞοΫΛ४උ͢Δ͚ͩͰࡁ·͍ͤͨ
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ઃܭ: Architecture
▸ ͏·͘ઃܭύλʔϯΛ࢖͍͜ͳ͢ (ྫ)
▸ UIɺϏδωεϩδοΫɺAPI ௨৴ͳͲϨΠϠʔΛ͏·͘෼཭͍ͨ͠
➡ ϨΠϠʔυΞʔΩςΫνϟɺΫϦʔϯΞʔΩςΫνϟ
▸ UI ͕΋ͭঢ়ଶͱͦͷભҠΛ͏·͘දݱ͍ͨ͠
➡ ReduxɺFluxɺ͋Δ͍͸ LiveData ʹΑΔঢ়ଶભҠͷ௨஌
▸ UI ͷૢ࡞Λೖྗͱͯ͠ϏδωεϩδοΫΛಈ͔͠ɺͦͷ݁ՌΛ͏·͘ UI ʹ൓ө͍ͨ͠
➡ MVVMɺDataBindingɺ͋Δ͍͸؆୯ͳҕৡύλʔϯ
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UI ͷঢ়ଶͱͦͷભҠΛ͏·͘දݱ͢Δ: Implement UI state machine
▸ ࢓૊Έͱ࣮ͯ͠૷ʹམͱ͠ࠐΜͩ΋ͷ
▸ ReduxɺFlux
▸ ঢ়ଶΛද͢ΦϒδΣΫτ: State
▸ ঢ়ଶભҠͷ͖͔͚ͬΛͭ͘ΔΦϒδΣΫτ: Action
▸ ঢ়ଶભҠͷৄࡉΛ࣮૷͢Δ: Reducer (Redux)ɺStore (Flux)
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▸ Redux ΍ Flux ͷߟ͑ํΛ LiveData + ViewModel Ͱ୅༻ͯ͠ΈΔ
▸ ঢ়ଶΛද͢ΦϒδΣΫτ: State
▸ LiveData Ͱ State ͷมߋΛ௨஌
▸ ViewModel ͸ State ͷભҠํ๏Λఆٛͨ͠ϝιουΛ࣋ͭ
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▸ ঢ়ଶΛද͢ΦϒδΣΫτͷઃܭ
▸ ඇಉظॲཧͷॲཧதɾ੒ޭɾࣦഊͷදݱ
▸ Either Λ΋͏গ֦͠ுͨ͠ sealed class ʹΑΔදݱ
▸ ॳظঢ়ଶɾॲཧதɾ੒ޭɾࣦഊΛද͢
▸ RemoteDataK / Kotlin ͷ sealed class Λ࢖͍͜ͳ͢ by kikuchy
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▸ UI Ͱඞཁͳσʔλܕ΁ͷม׵
▸ API Ϩεϙϯεͷܕ͕ͦͷ··ը໘࣮૷ʹ౰ͯ͸·Δͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍
▸ ϨΠϠʹ߹ΘͤͨܕͷίϯόʔτΛͯ͋͛͠Δ
▸ e.g. ෳ਺ͷ API ϨεϙϯεΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͯ UI ʹ൓ө͢Δ
➡ ෳ਺ͷ API ϨεϙϯεΛ߹੒ͨ͠ܕΛ࡞Δ
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▸ ྫ֎ͷऔΓѻ͍
▸ ϓϩάϥϛϯάͷϛεʹΑΔ΋ͷ: ແཧʹ catch ͠ͳ͍
▸ I/O ͷࣦഊ: ࣦഊͨ͠ཧ༝Λઆ໌͢ΔΦϒδΣΫτʹม׵
▸ see also: ந৅֓೦ʹదͨ͠ྫ֎Λεϩʔ͢Δ 
(Effective Java 3rd Edition: Item 73)
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data class SampleViewState(

"// RemoteData: sealed type describing data loading state 
"// Initial/Loading/Success/Failure

val apiData: RemoteData = Initial

"// ……

)

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class SampleViewModel( 
private val dataSource: SampleDataSource 
) : ViewModel() {

"// never allow others to mutate the state

private val viewStatePublisher: MutableLiveData =

MutableLiveData(SampleViewState())

val viewState: LiveData = viewStatePublisher

fun loadData() {

"// …… implement state changes 
"// …… start loading, subscribe result from data source, emit success or failure

}

}

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class SampleViewModel(private val dataSource: SampleDataSource) : ViewModel() {

private val viewStatePublisher: MutableLiveData =

MutableLiveData(SampleViewState())

fun loadData() {

viewStatePublisher.value"?.let { state "->

"// notify apiData becomes loading

viewStatePublisher.value = state.copy(apiData = Loading())

}

}

}

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fun loadData() {

"// ……

dataSource.loadApiData()

.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) 
.subscribe({ data "->


"// notify apiData successfully loaded

viewStatePublisher.value = state.copy(apiData = Success(data))

} 
}, { exception "->


"// notify apiData loading failed

viewStatePublisher.value = state.copy(apiData = Failure(exception))

} 
})

}

}

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class SampleFragment : Fragment() {

private lateinit var viewModel: SampleViewModel

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

"// ……

viewModel.loadData()

viewModel.viewState.observe(this, Observer { state "->

when (it) {

is Loading "-> "// show loading view

is Success "-> "// apply data to UI

is Failure "-> "// show error message

}

})

}

}

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ςετ: Test
▸ State ͷঢ়ଶભҠΛςετ͢Δ৔߹
▸ ͋Δೖྗʹର͠ɺظ଴ͨ͠௨Γͷ State ͕ग़ྗ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ
▸ State ͷมԽͷॱ൪͕कΒΕ͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
▸ Initial → Loading → Success or Failure
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UI ͷঢ়ଶભҠͷςετ: Unit Test for UI state machine

private val viewStatePublisher: MutableLiveData = MutableLiveData(SampleViewState())


fun startLoading() {




}






} 
}, { exception "->




} 
})

}

}

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}






} 
}, { exception "->




} 
})

}

}
Observed as 
1st value

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}






} 
}, { exception "->




} 
})

}

}
Observed as 
2nd value

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}






} 
}, { exception "->




} 
})

}

}
Observed as 
3rd value if success

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}






} 
}, { exception "->




} 
})

}

}
Observed as 
3rd value if error

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class SampleViewModelTest : Spek({

beforeEachTest {

RxAndroidPlugins.setMainThreadSchedulerHandler { Scheduler.trampoline() }

ArchTaskExecutor.getInstance().setDelegate(TestExecutor())

}

afterEachTest {

RxAndroidPlugins.reset()

ArchTaskExecutor.getInstance().setDelegate(null)

}

})

class TestExecutor : TaskExecutor() {

override fun executeOnDiskIO(runnable: Runnable) { runnable.run() }

override fun isMainThread(): Boolean = true

override fun postToMainThread(runnable: Runnable) { runnable.run() }

}

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Feature("SampleViewModel#startLoading") {

val dataSource: SampleDataSource by memoized(CachingMode.EACH_GROUP) {

mockk(relaxed = true)

}

Scenario("Load data successfully") {

"// Test cases verifying state changes in successful scenario

}

Scenario("Load data unsuccessfully") {

"// Test cases verifying state changes in failure scenario

}

}

})

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Scenario("Load data successfully") {

lateinit var viewModel: SampleViewModel

lateinit var observer: Observer

lateinit var changedStateSlot: CapturingSlot

Given("ViewModel with initial state and state observer") {

changedStateSlot = slot()

observer = mockk(relaxed = true) {

every { onChanged(capture(changedStateSlot)) } just Runs

}

every { dataSource.loadApiData() } returns Observable.just("foo")

viewModel = NotificationViewModel(dataSource)

}

}

})

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When("Start observing states") {

viewModel.viewState.observeForever(observer)

}

And("Start loading") {

viewModel.startLoading()

}

Then("State changes observed in the specified order") {

verifyOrder {

observer.onChanged(eq(SampleViewState(apiData = Initial)))

observer.onChanged(eq(SampleViewState(apiData = Loading())))

observer.onChanged(eq(SampleViewState(apiData = Success("foo"))))

}

}

})

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Ϟδϡʔϧߏ੒ͱ໋໊نଇ: Module structure and naming convention
▸ γϯάϧϞδϡʔϧ
▸ ϚϧνϞδϡʔϧ
▸ Dynamic Feature Modules
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γϯάϧϞδϡʔϧ: Single module
▸ apk Λੜ੒͢ΔϞδϡʔϧʹ͢΂͕ͯ͋Δ
▸ Pros
▸ ߏ੒ͷ͜ͱͰ೰·ͳͯ͘ࡁΉ
▸ Cons
▸ Ϗϧυ଎౓Λ্͛ͨ͘ͳͬͨͱ͖ʹɺGradle ͷ͘͠ΈͷԸܙΛड͚ͮΒ͍
▸ Ͳͷύοέʔδ΋༰қʹࢀরՄೳͳͨΊɺҙਤ͠ͳ͍ґଘؔ܎Λ࡞Γ΍͍͢
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ϚϧνϞδϡʔϧ: Multiple modules
▸ ϞδϡʔϧΛෳ਺ʹ෼཭͠ɺapk Λੜ੒͢ΔϞδϡʔϧ͕͢΂ͯΛू໿͢Δ
▸ Pros
▸ Ϟδϡʔϧͷ໋໊ʹΑͬͯ໾ׂΛ໌ࣔͰ͖Δ
▸ Gradle ͷ࢓૊ΈͰϏϧυ଎౓Λ্͛΍͍͢
▸ Cons
▸ Ϟδϡʔϧͷ෼཭ํ๏ʹڞ௨ೝ͕ࣝඞཁ
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μΠφϛοΫϑΟʔνϟʔϞδϡʔϧ: Dynamic Feature Modules
▸ Dynamic Delivery Λ͢ΔͳΒඞਢ
▸ Pros
▸ ϚϧνϞδϡʔϧ͕ڧ੍ʹͳΔͷͰɺಉ͡ϝϦοτΛಘΒΕΔ
▸ Play Store Ͱ഑෍͢ΔΞϓϦͷαΠζΛখ͘͞Ͱ͖Δ
▸ Cons
▸ Ϟδϡʔϧͷ෼཭ํ๏ʹڞ௨ೝ͕ࣝඞཁ
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Ϟδϡʔϧͷ෼ׂํ๏: Modularization strategy
▸ Ͳ͏͍͏୯ҐͰϞδϡʔϧΛͭ͘Δͷ͔ܾΊ͓ͯ͘
▸ ϨΠϠʔυΞʔΩςΫνϟͷ૚Ͱ෼ׂ
▸ ػೳ͝ͱʹ෼ׂ
▸ ͜ΕΒͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
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Ϟδϡʔϧͷ໋໊: Naming convention for module
▸ Ϟδϡʔϧ෼ׂͷ୯ҐʹԠ໋໊ͨ͡نଇΛ࡞͓ͬͯ͘
▸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯຊମ: app
▸ ֤छػೳͷ UI ࣮૷: feature_**
▸ Ϣʔεέʔε: usecase_**
▸ σʔλΞΫηε: repository_**
▸ ڞ௨ॲཧ: common_**
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Ϟδϡʔϧͷґଘؔ܎: Dependencies between modules
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feature_a
repository_a
usecase_a
feature_b
usecase_b
repository_b
feature_b
usecase_c
repository_c

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feature_a
repository_a
usecase_a
feature_b
usecase_b
repository_b
feature_b
usecase_c
repository_c

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feature_a
repository_a
usecase_a
feature_b
usecase_b
repository_b
feature_b
usecase_c
repository_c

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Development Process
։ൃϓϩηε
DroidKaigi 2020

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։ൃϓϩηε: Development Process
▸ ೔ʑͷ։ൃϓϩηεΛεϜʔζʹճ͠ଓ͚ΔͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ
▸ ຊ౰ʹਓͷྗΛඞཁͱ͢Δ৔ॴʹਓ͕ूதͯ͠औΓ૊ΊΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
▸ খ͞ͳࣦഊʹૉૣ͘ؾ෇͚Δ࢓૊ΈΛ࡞Δ
▸ ٕज़తͳϑΟʔυόοΫϧʔϓΛ࡞Δ
▸ ࣋ଓతʹऔΓ૊ΈΛճ͍ͯ͘͠࢓૊ΈΛ࡞Δ
▸ ࣗಈԽʂ
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ࣗಈԽ: Automation
▸ ࣗಈԽ͢Δͱ͖ʹߟྀ͢Δ͜ͱ
▸ ඞཁͳ͜ͱΛɺඞཁͳ͚࣮ͩߦ͢Δ͜ͱ
▸ Ϗϧυͷ੒Ռ෺Λ୭Ͱ΋ΞΫηεͰ͖Δ৔ॴʹอଘ͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱ
▸ ϓϩδΣΫτͷ੒௕ͱڞʹεέʔϧ͍͚ͯ͠Δ࢓૊ΈͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
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ࣗಈԽ: Automation
▸ CI (Continuous Integration) ΍ CD (Continuous Delivery)
▸ Ϗϧυ
▸ ςετ
▸ ੩తղੳ
▸ ΞϓϦͷ഑৴
▸ ೔ʑͷϫʔΫϑϩʔ
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ϏϧυͷࣗಈԽ: Build Automation
▸ ࠩ෼͕ਖ਼͘͠ίϯύΠϧͰ͖Δ͜ͱΛอূ
▸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ഑৴Λ͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁෆՄܽ
▸ ػೳ։ൃϒϥϯν: debug ϏϧυͷΈੜ੒
▸ master ΍ develop ͳͲ: release Ϗϧυ΋ੜ੒
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ςετͷࣗಈԽ: Test Automation
▸ ࠩ෼͕ςετͰ୲อͰ͖Δൣғʹ͓͍ͯਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͢Δ͜ͱΛอূ
▸ σάϨΛݕ஌͢ΔͨΊͷୈҰา
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ςετͷࣗಈԽ: Test Automation
▸ ϓϩμΫτͷ੒௕ͱڞʹςετͷ࣮ߦ࣌ؒ΋૿͍͑ͯ͘
▸ ࣮ߦ࣌ؒΛ୹͘͢Δʹ͸…
▸ Gradle ͕࢖͑ΔϓϩηεͱϞδϡʔϧΛ૿΍ͯ͠ฒྻੑΛ্͛Δ
▸ ςετ࣮ߦ༻ͷίϯςφΛෳ਺্ཱͪ͛ɺ࣮ߦ͢ΔςετΛ෼ࢄ͢Δ
▸ ࣌ؒʹґଘ͍ͯͯ͠଴ͭඞཁͷ͋ΔςετΛݮΒ͢
▸ etc……
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ςετͷฒྻԽ: Parallelize unit test execution
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▸ CircleCI Ͱͷྫ
▸ ͻͱͭͷεςοϓ಺Ͱෳ਺ͷίϯςφΛىಈ͢Δ࢓૊ΈΛ࢖͏
▸ ෳ਺ͷίϯςφͰςετΛಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ
▸ ͦΕͧΕͷίϯςφͰผͷςετΛ࣮ߦ͠ɺશମͰ͔͔Δ࣌ؒΛ୹ॖ͢Δ

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Container 0 Container 1 Container 2 Container 3
:module_a:test 
:module_b:test 
……
:module_c:test 
:module_d:test 
……
:module_e:test 
:module_f:test 
……
:module_g:test 
:module_h:test 
……
Container 0
:module_a:test 
:module_b:test 
:module_c:test 
:module_d:test 
:module_e:test 
:module_f:test 
……
୯Ұίϯςφͷ৔߹
ෳ਺ίϯςφͷ৔߹

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▸ ୯ҰϞδϡʔϧͷ৔߹
▸ CircleCI CLI Λ࢖֤ͬͯίϯςφ͝ͱʹϑΝΠϧΛৼΓ෼͚Δ 
circleci tests glob "**/test""/**"/*.kt" | circleci tests split

▸ ϑΝΠϧ໊ΛΫϥε໊ʹม׵ͯ͋͛͠Ε͹ɺGradle ͷύϥϝʔλʹ౉ͤΔ
▸ ෳ਺Ϟδϡʔϧͷ৔߹
▸ ֤ίϯςφ͝ͱʹϞδϡʔϧΛৼΓ෼͚ΔॲཧΛࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘

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"// The index number of container this execution is on.

val containerIndex = System.getenv("CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX")"?.toInt() "?: 0

"// Total number of containers running in parallel.

val totalContainer = System.getenv("CIRCLE_NODE_TOTAL")"?.toInt() "?: 0

"// Select modules to run unit tests on the container

val modules = project.subprojects

.withIndex()

.filter { it.index % totalContainer "== containerIndex }

.map { it.value }

"// Execute tests

modules.forEach { module "->

"./gradlew :${module.name}:test".runCommand()

}
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੩తղੳͷࣗಈԽ: Static Analysis Automation
▸ ੩తղੳΛࣗಈԽ͠ίʔυϨϏϡʔʹ໾ཱͯΔ
▸ ಈ͔͢λΠϛϯά͸ Pull Request ͕Ͱ͖ͨ࣌ͳͲ
▸ ੩తղੳͷ݁ՌΛϨϙʔτ͢Δ
▸ xml ΍ html ͷϨϙʔτϑΝΠϧ΋ CI ͷ੒Ռ෺ͱଊ͑Δ
▸ Pull Request ͕͋Ε͹ɺϨϙʔτͷ಺༰Λίϝϯτ͢Δ
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഑৴ͷࣗಈԽ: Delivery Automation
▸ มߋΛ͍ͭͰ΋ࢼͤΔΑ͏ʹͯ͠ɺϓϩμΫτͷϑΟʔυόοΫϧʔϓΛ࡞Δ
▸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϏϧυ͕ऴΘͬͨΒ഑৴
▸ Firebase App Distribution, DeployGate, HockeyApp, etc…
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ϫʔΫϑϩʔͷࣗಈԽ: Automation
▸ ख࡞ۀͷखؒΛͳ͘͠ɺώϡʔϚϯΤϥʔͷ༨஍Λখ͘͢͞Δ
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▸ e.g. QA ϑΣʔζͰͷόάमਖ਼Λ master ʹऔΓࠐΉ࡞ۀͷࣗಈԽ
▸ Ϛʔδͷࠩ෼Λখͯ͘͞͠ɺίϯϑϦΫτͷϦεΫΛԼ͛Δ
▸ e.g. release ϒϥϯνͷόάमਖ਼Λຖ೔ master ΁औΓࠐΉ
▸ e.g. master ϒϥϯνͷߋ৽Λຖ೔֤։ൃϒϥϯν΁औΓࠐΉ
▸ ϒϥϯνઓུʹ߹Θ࣮ͤͯ૷ɾӡ༻͢Δ
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▸ QA ϑΣʔζͰͷόάमਖ਼Λ master ʹऔΓࠐΉ࡞ۀͷࣗಈԽ
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master
release"/*

master
release"/*

releaseϒϥϯνӡ༻ͷ 
࠷ޙʹϚʔδ͢Δ৔߹
releaseϒϥϯνΛఆظతʹ 
ࣗಈͰϚʔδ͢Δ৔߹

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ϫʔΫϑϩʔͷࣗಈԽ: How to automate a workﬂow
▸ CLI ͰࣗಈԽͨ͠λεΫΛ࣮ߦͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
▸ Shell Script
▸ Gradle Custom Tasks
▸ etc…
DroidKaigi 2020
83

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Gradle Custom Tasks ʹΑΔࣗಈԽ: Automation with Gradle Custom Tasks
▸ Gradle Custom Tasks ͷ࡞Γํ
▸ project_root/buildSrc ϞδϡʔϧʹλεΫͷ࣮૷Λॻ͘
▸ project_root/build.gradle.kts ͰλεΫͷొ࿥Λ͢Δ
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"// buildSrc/build.gradle.kts

repositories {

jcenter()

}

plugins {

`kotlin-dsl`

`java-gradle-plugin`

}

dependencies {

implementation(gradleApi())

}
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"// buildSrc/src/main/kotlin/com/example/MyCustomTask.kt

open class MyCustomTask : DefaultTask() {

@Input lateinit var parameter: String

@TaskAction

fun doAction() {

"// … do your job!

}

}
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"// build.gradle.kts in the project root

tasks.register("myTask") {

parameter = "Hello, World"

}
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ίʔυϨϏϡʔ: Code Review
▸ ઃܭํ਑΍໋໊ͷΘ͔Γ΍͢͞ɺߟྀ࿙ΕνΣοΫʹਓͷྗΛूத͍ͨ͠
▸ ࣗಈԽͰ͖Δͱ͜Ζ͸ͲΜͲΜࣗಈԽ͢Δ
▸ ίʔσΟϯάن໿ͷڞ༗: .editorconﬁg Λ࡞͓ͬͯ͘
▸ ίʔσΟϯάن໿ʹै͍ͬͯΔ͔νΣοΫ: CI Ͱ ktlint ͳͲΛಈ͔͢
▸ Α͋͘Δؒҧ͍ΛνΣοΫ: CI Ͱ android lint ͳͲΛಈ͔͢
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▸ υϝΠϯ஌ࣝΛ࣋ͬͨਓʹϨϏϡʔΛґཔ͠ɺίʔυϨϏϡʔͷ࣭Λ্͛Δ
▸ ͩΕʹϨϏϡʔͯ͠΄͍͔͠ઃఆ͢Δ
▸ CODEOWNERS
▸ σΟϨΫτϦ͝ͱʹઃఆ
▸ σΟϨΫτϦ഑ԼͷϑΝΠϧʹࠩ෼Λ࡞ΔͱɺࣗಈͰઃఆͨ͠ਓ͕ϨϏϡϫʔ
ʹͳΔ
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# KeithYokoma is the owner of Module A

/module_a/ @KeithYokoma

# Anyone in team_a can review changes in Module B

/module_b/ @team_a

# Either KeithYokoma or someone in team_a can review

/module_c/ @KeithYokoma @team_a
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▸ ίʔυϨϏϡʔʹૉૣ͘औΓ૊ΜͰ։ൃαΠΫϧΛͳΊΒ͔ʹճ͢
▸ ίʔυϨϏϡʔͷϦΫΤετΛ௨஌͢Δ
▸ Pull Reminders
▸ ௚઀ࣗ෼Ѽͯʹ௨஌Λ͢Δ
▸ ಛఆͷνϟϯωϧͰɺApproval ͷͳ͍ Pull Request Λ௨஌͢Δ
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▸ ίʔυϨϏϡʔʹૉૣ͘औΓ૊ΜͰ։ൃαΠΫϧΛͳΊΒ͔ʹճ͢
▸ Pull Request ͷઆ໌Λ͏·͘ॻ͘
▸ Ͳ͏͍͏໨తͷࠩ෼ͳͷ͔Λઆ໌ͯ͠΄͍͠
▸ ࠩ෼ΛಡΉ্Ͱͷલఏ஌͕ࣝ͋Ε͹આ໌ͯ͠΄͍͠
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▸ νʔϜͰڞ௨ͷϑΥʔϚοτ͕͋Δͱॻ͖΍͘͢ͳΔ
▸ ςϯϓϨʔτͷ׆༻
▸ GitHub: .github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
▸ GitLab: .gitlab/merge_request_templates/XXX.md
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ςϯϓϨʔτྫ: Example of pull request template
"## Summary

"## Kind

"## Details

"## Links

- Task Ticket:

- Design Doc:

- Crashlytics Issue:

"## Screenshot

Before | After

:——:|:——:

|
DroidKaigi 2020

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Release
ϦϦʔε
DroidKaigi 2020

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ϦϦʔε: Release
▸ ҆શͳϦϦʔεΛࢧ͑Δ࢓૊Έͮ͘Γ
▸ ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥά
▸ ϦϦʔετϨΠϯ
▸ ϞχλϦϯά
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ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥά: Feature Flag
▸ ػೳͷग़͠෼͚Λίϯτϩʔϧͯ͠ૉૣ͍։ൃαΠΫϧΛอͭ
▸ ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάΛ࢖͏৔໘
▸ ஈ֊తʹػೳΛެ։͍ͨ͠ͱ͖
▸ 1౓ͷϦϦʔεαΠΫϧΛ௒͑ͯػೳ։ൃΛ͍ͨ͠ͱ͖
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ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάΛ࢖͏ྫ: Example usage of Feature Flag
▸ ஈ֊తʹػೳΛެ։͍ͨ͠ͱ͖
▸ Firebase Remote Conﬁg ΍ɺࣗલͷ࢓૊ΈͳͲͰઃఆΛม͑Δ
▸ ༷ʑͳଐੑ஋͔ΒઃఆΛੜ੒Ͱ͖Δ
▸ ৽͍͠ػೳͷ։ൃ͕ऴΘΓɺঃʑʹ։์͢Δͱ͖ʹ༗ޮ
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▸ 1౓ͷϦϦʔεαΠΫϧΛ௒͑ͯػೳ։ൃΛ͍ͨ͠ͱ͖
▸ Git ͷϒϥϯνΛࡉ͔͘࡞ͬͯϚʔδࠩ͠෼ΛੵΈ্͍͛ͯ͘
▸ ࣮૷ͷ޻෉Ͱ։ൃ్தͷػೳΛݟ͑ͳ͍ɾ࢖͑ͳ͍Α͏ʹ࠹͙
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master
Merge 
Feature A-1 v1.1.0
Merge 
Feature A-2 v1.2.0
Merge 
Feature A-3 v1.2.1
Finalize 
Feature A v1.3.0

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▸ ࣮૷ͷ޻෉ͷ࢓ํ
▸ BuildConﬁg ʹϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάΛఆٛ͢Δ
▸ UI ͷͭͳ͗͜ΈΛ࠷ޙʹ࣮ࢪ
▸ ։ൃऀ޲͚ͷઃఆը໘Ͱ༗ޮɾແޮΛ੾Γସ͑Δ
▸ etc…
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▸ BuildConﬁg ʹϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάΛఆٛ͢Δ৔߹
▸ e.g. طଘը໘ʹ৽͍͠ػೳΛ΋ͬͨίϯϙʔωϯτΛ௥Ճ͢Δ࣮૷
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master
Merge 
Feature A-1 v1.1.0
Merge 
Feature A-2 v1.2.0
Merge 
Feature A-3 v1.2.1
Finalize 
Feature A v1.3.0
৽͍͠ػೳ޲͚ͷ 
UI ίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞੒
৽͍͠ػೳͷ 
Ϟσϧ࣮૷
Ϟσϧͱ UI ίϯϙʔωϯτ
Λͭͳ͗͜Ή
BuildConfig ͷϑϥάΛ 
༗ޮԽ͢Δ

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▸ UI ͷͭͳ͗ࠐΈΛ࠷ޙʹ΍Δ৔߹
▸ e.g. ৽͍͠ػೳͷઃఆը໘Λ࡞ΓɺઃఆҰཡʹ߲໨Λ଍࣮͢૷
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master
Merge 
Feature A-1 v1.1.0
Merge 
Feature A-2 v1.2.0
Merge 
Feature A-3 v1.2.1
Finalize 
Feature A v1.3.0
͋ͨΒ͍͠ઃఆը໘ͷ 
ϨΠΞ΢τ࡞੒
͋ͨΒ͍͠ઃఆը໘ͷ 
Ϟσϧ࣮૷
Ϟσϧͱը໘Λͭͳ͗͜Ή
ઃఆҰཡʹɺ৽͍͠ઃఆը໘
΁ͷಋઢΛ଍͢

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ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάͷ஫ҙ఺: Caveats of Feature Flag
▸ ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάͰ෼཭ͨ͠ػೳͷ։ൃ͕ଞͷطଘػೳʹӨڹΛ༩͑ͳ͍
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Existing Feature New Feature
Existing Logic New Logic

Shared Logic
Existing Feature New Feature

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ϑΟʔνϟʔϑϥάͷ஫ҙ఺: Caveats of Feature Flag
▸ "Release toggles are the last thing you should do" by Martin Fowler
▸ ϑϥάΛ΋ͭ͜ͱͷίετ͸গͳ͔Βͣ͋Δ
▸ ༗ޮԽ͢ΔλΠϛϯά
▸ ࢖Θͳ͘ͳͬͨΒ࡟আ͢Δ
▸ ϑϥάΛ࣋ͭ΄͔ʹऔΓ͏Δબ୒ࢶ
▸ UI ͷͭͳ͗͜ΈΛ࠷ޙʹ͢Δ
▸ ػೳͦͷ΋ͷΛࡉ͔͘Θ͚ɺখ͘͞ϦϦʔε͢Δ
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ϦϦʔετϨΠϯ: Release Train
▸ ϦϦʔεεέδϡʔϧΛݻఆͯ͠ܧଓతʹ҆શͳϦϦʔεΛ͢Δ
▸ ϦϦʔετϨΠϯӡ༻ͷେݪଇ
▸ ܾ·ͬͨεέδϡʔϧ͔Βٯࢉͯ͠։ൃΛ͍ͯ͘͠
▸ ؒʹ߹Θͳ͍΋ͷ͸࣍ͷϦϦʔε೔Λ଴ͭ
▸ ن໛ͷେ͖ͳ։ൃͳΒͰ͸ͷ՝୊ղܾํ๏
▸ ͨ͘͞ΜͷϓϩδΣΫτؒͷௐ੔͝ͱΛ෼͔Γ΍͍ͨ͘͢͠
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؂ࢹମ੍: Metrics monitoring
▸ ૉૣ͘ҟৗʹؾ͖ͮɺૉૣ͘ରࡦΛଧͭ
▸ ҟৗͷछྨ
▸ ΞϓϦͷΫϥογϡ
▸ ྫ֎έʔεͷසൃ
▸ ϦάϨογϣϯͷൃੜ
▸ ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷྼԽ
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▸ ࢓૊ΈͰղܾ: Crashlytics
▸ Ϋϥογϡ݅਺͕୹࣌ؒͰஶ͘͠৳ͼͨͱ͖ʹ௨஌͢Δ
DroidKaigi 2020
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▸ ΞϥʔτΛ Slack ʹ౤ߘ͢Δ
▸ ৽نͷΫϥογϡΛݕ஌ͨ͠Β 
Issue Tracker ʹνέοτΛ࡞Δ
▸ etc…
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▸ ΞϥʔτΛ Slack ʹ౤ߘ͢Δ
▸ ৽نͷΫϥογϡΛݕ஌ͨ͠Β 
Issue Tracker ʹνέοτΛ࡞Δ
▸ etc…
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▸ ໰୊ͷཧղΛॿ͚Δϩάͷऔಘ
▸ ͲΜͳঢ়گԼͰ͓͖ͨ໰୊͔
▸ Ͳ͏͍͏ܦ࿏Ͱ͓͖ͨ໰୊͔
▸ σόΠε͝ͱͷ܏޲͸͋Δ͔
▸ ΞϓϦόʔδϣϯ͝ͱͷ܏޲͸͋Δ͔
▸ etc…
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ϩΪϯάͷઃܭ: Log collection architecture
▸ e.g. Timber + Crashlytics
▸ ϩάΛు͖ͩ͢ϝιουΛ Timber ʹू໿
▸ Timber.d("debug log")

▸ Timber.i("info log")

▸ Timber.e(exception, "error log")

▸ ϩάΛు͘ϝιουݺͼग़͠ΛϑοΫͯ͠ Crashlytics Ͱूܭ
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ϩΪϯάͷઃܭ: Log collection architecture
class CrashlyticsTree : Timber.Tree() {

override fun log(priority: Int, tag: String?, message: String, throwable: Throwable?) {

when (priority) {

Log.INFO "-> Crashlytics.log(priority, tag, message)

Log.WARN "-> Crashlytics.log(priority, tag, message)

Log.ERROR "-> {

Crashlytics.log(priority, tag, message)

throwable"?.let {

Crashlytics.logException(it)

}

}

}

}

}

DroidKaigi 2020

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ΧελϜΩʔͷ௥Ճ: Adding custom keys
▸ Crashlytics ͷϨϙʔτʹ௥Ճ৘ใΛ෇༩͢Δ͘͠Έ
▸ ΞϓϦͷ࣋ͭઃఆ஋
▸ e.g. XXX ͷػೳ͕༗ޮ͔Ͳ͏͔
▸ Ϣʔβͷঢ়ଶ
▸ e.g. YYY ͷνϡʔτϦΞϧ͸ऴΘ͔ͬͨͲ͏͔
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class SettingsFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {

override fun onCreatePreferences(

savedState: Bundle?,

rootKey: String?

) {

setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref, rootKey)

val notificationPreference = findPreference("enable_notification")

notificationPreference"?.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, newValue "->

"// Put a custom key for preference value

Crashlytics.setBool("enable_notification", newValue)

true

}

}

}
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Wrap up
·ͱΊ
DroidKaigi 2020

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·ͱΊ: Wrap up
▸ DX Λܧଓతʹվળ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱͰ…
▸ ૉૣ͍ػೳ࣮૷͕͠΍͘͢ͳΔ
▸ ૉૣ͍ৼΓฦΓ͕͠΍͘͢ͳΔ
▸ ͦͷ݁ՌɺνʔϜ΋ϓϩμΫτ΋͙Μ͙Μ੒௕͍ͯ͘͠
▸ ܧଓ͸ྗͳΓ
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·ͱΊ: Wrap up
▸ ࣋ଓతͳΞϓϦ։ൃͷͨΊͷDXΛࢧ͑ΔྖҬ
▸ ࣄલ४උ
▸ ઃܭ
▸ ։ൃϓϩηε
▸ ϦϦʔε
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͍͞͝ʹ: Wrap up
▸ ΋͏૸Γ࢝Ί͍ͯΔϓϩδΣΫτͰ DX Λվળ͢Δʹ͸…
▸ ݱঢ়෼ੳΛͯ͠νʔϜͷ໨ઢΛ߹ΘͤΔ
▸ KPT ͰఆੑతʹνʔϜͷߟ͑Λ·ͱΊͯΈΔ
▸ ςετΧόϨοδ΍ܯࠂ਺ͷਪҠͳͲΛ࢖ͬͯఆྔతʹ࣭ΛଌͬͯΈΔ
▸ ՝୊ײΛἧ͑ΔͱɺԿ͔ΒऔΓ૊ΉͱΑ͍͔΋෼͔Γ΍͘͢ͳΔ
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࣋ଓతͳΞϓϦ։ൃͷͨΊͷ
DXΛࢧ͑Δٕज़
KeithYokoma (Keishin Yokomaku) / 
DroidKaigi 2020

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持続的なアプリ開発のためのDXを支える技術

持続的なアプリ開発のためのDXを支える技術

Keishin Yokomaku

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