ブロックチェーン概論とインストール大会 / Blockchain Overview and Installation

2023年10月23日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2023秋で使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. generated by Stable Diffusion XL v1.0 B 2023 2 ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.1/64
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.2/64
3. ( ) 1 10 16 • 2 10 23 • 3 10 30 4 11 6 5 11 13 1 6 11 20 2 7 11 27 8 12 4 Discord B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.3/64
4. – : : Ethereum ( ) ( ) Ethereum B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.4/64
5. – B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.5/64
6. ެ։୆ா ެ։Ͱͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ʜ ຊਓ ɾૹۚه࿥ ɾίʔυ ɾσʔλͷมԽ ɾ࣮ߦϩά ݕӾͰ͖Δୈࡾऀ ͜Εɺ ه࿥͍ͨ͠Μ͚ͩͲ ͋ͳͨ͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ͜ͷ಺༰͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͖׵͑·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͯͳ͍ͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͔Εͨ͜ͱʹ ͠·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ফ͠·͠ΐ͏ %P4 ߈ܸͱ͔Ͱ ๦֐ͯ͠ࢭΊ·͠ΐ͏ B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.6/64
7. ( ) ( ) ( ) ↓ ( ( )) (BP : Blockchain Property ) BP-1 : ( ) BP-2 : ( ( ) ) BP-3 : ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.7/64
8. ( ) (LIFO : Last In, First Out) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.8/64
9. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 16 ) SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) ( ) 1bit B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.9/64
10. ( ) ( ) < , > ( ) ← : < , > : : < , , > : OK ( 1 ) NG ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.10/64
11. BP-1 ( ), BP-2 ( ) BBc-1/BBc-2 f : → BP-3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ← BP-2 ← BP-3 ( ) (BP-2 ) ( ) ← BP-3 (?) + ← BP-{1,2} B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.11/64
12. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ← ↑ B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.12/64
13. TX : transaction ( 4 TX ) SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.13/64
14. ( ) ( ) ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ϒϩοΫ൪߸
    
    O  ͍ͪ͹Μه࿥ɾॻ͖׵͑ͷίετ͕ߴ͍ྺ࢙ ࠷΋վ͟Μ͠ʹ͍͘ྺ࢙ ͕༗ޮ ͻͱͭखલͷϒϩοΫͷ ʮμΠδΣετʯ σδλϧॺ໊͞Εͨ ʮτϥϯβΫγϣϯ औҾ ʯ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺͦͷʮμΠδΣετʯ͕͋Δ਺ҎԼͱ͍͏৚݅Λຬͨͨ͠Γ 1SPPG
    PG
    8PSL Ծ૝௨՟ͷ࣋ͪ෼ʹԠͨ͡ݖརΛ࢖ͬͨ౤ථͰউͬͨΓ 1SPPG
    PG
    4UBLF ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ίετ͕͔͔Δ ϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δਓ͸ͦͷதʹࣗ෼ʹѼͯͨ Ծ૝௨՟ͰͷใुΛॻ͖ࠐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ ͦͷϒϩοΫ͕༗ޮͳྺ࢙ͷதʹ͋Δ৔߹ʹ ݶΓใु΋༗ޮͱͳΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷଘࡏΛ֬ೝ͢Δ ͨΊͷޮ཰తͳํ๏͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ ਖ਼౰ੑ ଘࡏੑ །Ұੑ Proof of Work ( ) . . . → B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.14/64
15. (BP-3 ) ( : ) (BP-3 ) ( : ) ← NFT ( ) BP-{1,2,3} BP-{1, 2} ⇒ B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.15/64
16. (Confidentiality) BP-{1,2,3} ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) BP-3 (Availability) BP-2 B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.16/64
17. 2009 ↑ 14 ( 5 ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.17/64
18. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930 ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.18/64
19. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.19/64
20. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.20/64
21. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.21/64
22. ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.22/64
23. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.23/64
24. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.24/64
25. ( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.25/64
26. ( ) ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.26/64
27. B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.27/64
28. with ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.28/64
29. DNS : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) IP AS B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.29/64
30. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (web ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.30/64
31. ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.31/64
32. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 3D ( ) : HACCP ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.32/64
33. — τʔΫϯ ୅ସ՟ฎ εϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ ݕূՄೳͳঢ়ଶϚγϯ ϓϩϏφϯε དྷྺূ໌
    ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐෆೳ ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐෆೳ ূ໌͢Δ ಉఆ͢Δ ࢧ෷͍౳ ࠷ॳͷԠ༻ *%
    Χʔυ౳ ηΩϡϦςΟ τʔΫϯ ূ݊ ౳ ηϯαʔ౳ ෺ྲྀɾ Ҩݴॻ౳ อݥਃ੥౳ ௥੻͢Δ ײ஌͢Δ தԝۜߦ σδλϧ௨՟౳ ҭ੒ήʔϜ౳ ൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ͔Βຊਓʁ ෛ࠴  Ξηοτͷ ਺஋දݱΛҠసͰ͖Δʁ ొ࿥͞Εͨίʔυͱ ͦͷ࣮ߦϩάͱ݁Ռͷ ਅਖ਼ੑΛ୲อͰ͖Δʁ ݖҖ͕
    Կ͔ͷ಺༰Λূ໌͢Δʁ ࣋ଓ͢Δଘࡏʹ͍ͭͯ ه࿥ΛΞοϓσʔτՄʁ ओମ͕͍ͳ͘ͳͬͯ΋ աڈͷσʔλ͸༗ޮʁ /'5 Ұൠతͳ ೝࣝ ػೳͷ ෼ੳ݁Ռ B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.33/64
34. Ethereum macOS (Ventura 13.6) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 22.04) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) macOS + Lima (Linux Machines) mac M1/M2 (Apple )(ARM) x86/AMD64 Windows 11 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.34/64
35. macOS : Homebrew (Apple macOS ) UNIX macOS Lima Homebrew brew Apple brew ( ) brew https://github.com/homebrew/install Path : https://zenn.dev/tet0h/articles/a92651d52bd82460aefb B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.35/64
36. macOS : Rosetta 2 Apple x86/AMD64 ( ) $ softwareupdate –install-rosetta B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.36/64
37. macOS : Lima macOS Linux ( ) https://github.com/lima-vm/lima QEMU ( ) Rosetta 2 Apple x86/AMD64 brew $ brew install lima Ubuntu 22.04 (x86/AMD64) “kmd.yaml” $ limactl start kmd.yaml B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.37/64
38. macOS : Lima Linux (Ubuntu) x86_64 $ limactl list Linux (exit ) $ limactl shell kmd Linux limactl list STATUS Stopped limactl start kmd “.lima” diffdisk 100GB B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.38/64
39. Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.21 (10/16 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.39/64
40. Ganache Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache $ sudo npm install -g ganache B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.40/64
41. Python3 ( Python3.9 ) macOS $ brew install python@3.9 Linux $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.9 python3.9-dev python3.9-venv python3.9-tk B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.41/64
42. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.42/64
43. Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.9’ ‘python3’ $ python3.9 -m venv bbc2env $ source bbc2env/bin/activate (bbc2env) $ pip install -U pip bbc2env ( BBc-2 ) ( ) (bbc2env) $ deactivate B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.43/64
44. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.19.3 (10/16 ) PyYAML $ pip install "cython<3.0.0" wheel && pip install pyyaml==5.4.1 --no-build-isolation B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.44/64
45. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.45/64
46. contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM) (AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ∼/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.46/64
47. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.47/64
48. Ethereum Görli B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.48/64
49. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (∼/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.49/64
50. G¨ orli ETH brownie console Görli >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’goerli’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Görli Testnet ETH Faucet ETH https://goerlifaucet.com ( ) ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.50/64
51. G¨ orli ETH brownie console Görli ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’goerli’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "0.01 ether") B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.51/64
52. Ethereum B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.52/64
53. Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 12 (= ) = ⇒ → Dapps ( / / ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.53/64
54. ( ) B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.54/64
55. . . . B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.55/64
56. vs. B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.56/64
57. = run B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.57/64
58. Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) Ether EVM EVM B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.58/64
59. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine ঢ়ଶ ֎෦ΞΫλʔ ΞΧ΢ϯτ &7. ίʔυ &UIFS
    ˠ
    (BT ىಈ ίϯτϥΫτ ϝοηʔδ
    ͔ɺ৽͍ࣗ͠ಈΦϒδΣΫτ ΞΧ΢ϯτؒͰ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔσʔλ΍
    &UIFS ετϨʔδ ঢ়ଶ` τϥϯβΫγϣϯ ηοτ σδλϧॺ໊ &7. ਓؒͱ͔ ࣗಈ ΦϒδΣΫτ Gas ( EVM = ( burn)) . . . B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.59/64
60. EVM : : ← : Solidity — JavaScript LLL — Lisp Vyper — Python Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW! Solidity Vyper Python B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.60/64
61. Solidity ( ) pragma solidityˆ0.7.0; contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */ string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require (_owner == msg.sender); _owner = to; return true; } } B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.61/64
62. ( , ) (constructor) (deploy) = ( ) ( ) ETH Trusted Actor Model B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.62/64
63. Ethereum B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.63/64
64. B 2023 — 2 — 2023-10-23 – p.64/64