サイバーフィジカル社会と金融の未来 / Cyber Physical Society and the Future of Finance

早稲田大学大学院経営管理研究科「フィンテック ─ 金融革新とインターネット」2023 夏クォーターの第9-10回で使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. Financial technology on the street. Generated by Stable Diffusion XL Beta — 2023 9-10 (WBS) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.1/81
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 . . . URL — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.2/81
3. ( ) 1 6 5 (1) • 2 6 5 (2) • 3 6 12 Web3 (1) • 4 6 12 Web3 (2) • 5 6 19 (1) • 6 6 19 (2) • 7 6 26 (1) • 8 6 26 (2) • 9 7 3 (1) • 10 7 3 (2) • 11 7 10 (1) 12 7 10 (2) 13 7 24 (1) 14 7 24 (2) 12 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.3/81
4. ( 20 ) 1 2 3 4 (TCP/IP ) 5 6 7 8 9 10 World Wide Web 11 Web API 12 13 git GitHub 14 (6/19 ) / (2 ) OK / — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.4/81
5. ( ) ( ) Ethereum Ethereum ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.5/81
6. : Ethereum + ( ) : everywhere ( ) + — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.6/81
7. : — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.7/81
8. O ⇒ Few-shot learner? Few-short learner . . . ( ) web3 ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.8/81
9. Bitcoin 2009 ↑ 14 ( 5 ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.9/81
10. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 (1930 ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.10/81
11. ( ) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.11/81
12. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.12/81
13. ( ) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.13/81
14. ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.14/81
15. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.15/81
16. ( ) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.16/81
17. ( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.17/81
18. ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.18/81
19. — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.19/81
20. with ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.20/81
21. DNS : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) IP AS — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.21/81
22. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (web ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.22/81
23. ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.23/81
24. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 3D ( ) : HACCP ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.24/81
25. N ⇒ ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.25/81
26. T ⇒ Bitcoin (proof of work) Ethereum (proof of stake) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.26/81
27. E “ ” PF ⇒ ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.27/81
28. Ethereum + ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.28/81
29. Ethereum + + = (DeFi) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.29/81
30. Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” (Dec. 2013∼) 12 ( ) (= ) = = ( ) CPU ⇒ DApps DApps = / — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.30/81
31. = ( ) run = → — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.31/81
32. [Lamport 1984][Schneider 1990] ( ) (1) 0 ( ) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ← — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.32/81
33. Ether (ETH) Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ← Ether ( ) EVM EVM = Ethereum = — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.33/81
34. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine ঢ়ଶ ֎෦ΞΫλʔ ΞΧ΢ϯτ &7. ίʔυ &UIFS
    ˠ
    (BT ىಈ ίϯτϥΫτ ϝοηʔδ
    ͔ɺ৽͍ࣗ͠ಈΦϒδΣΫτ ΞΧ΢ϯτؒͰ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔσʔλ΍
    &UIFS ετϨʔδ ঢ়ଶ` τϥϯβΫγϣϯ ηοτ σδλϧॺ໊ &7. ਓؒͱ͔ ࣗಈ ΦϒδΣΫτ ( ) Gas ( EVM = ( burn)) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.34/81
35. / / (1) Ethereum Bitcoin ( OK) 1 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.35/81
36. / / (2) 3 ( ) · ( ) ( ) 1 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.36/81
37. / / (3) ( ) ( ) 1 ( ) 1,500 3,000 Ethereum 2022 9 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.37/81
38. / / (4) Gwei Gwei ETH 32 ETH ( ) ETH ETH · 32 ETH ( OK) · 16 ETH ( ) 12 ( ) ( ) 1 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.38/81
39. / / (5) 32 1 (384 ) ( ) ( ) 2 3 ( ) 256 512 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.39/81
40. / / (6) ( ) 5 ( ) 2 3 (36 ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.40/81
41. / / (7) ( ) ( ) DAO (RANDAO) ( ) 1 2 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.41/81
42. Ethereum        ߹ҙ͞Εͨཤྺ ϩʔΧϧʹෳ੡Λҡ࣋ ϒϩοΫ εϩοτ  ඵִؒ  εϩοτͰ  ΤϙοΫ ҉߸ֶతμΠδΣετ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷҡ࣋ࢀՃऀ͕ϩʔΧϧʹ؅ཧ͢Δσʔλۭؒ ࣌ؒ
    ΑΓ৽͍͠ه࿥ ΦϒδΣΫτ τʔΫϯγεςϜ౳ͷεϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ ֤Ϣʔβͷ ࢒ߴ౳ͷঢ়ଶ ঢ়ଶ` ঢ়ଶ`` τϥϯβΫγϣϯ
     ΦϒδΣΫτͷੜ੒ ·ͨ͸ঢ়ଶભҠͷࢦࣔ ແޮͳཤྺ ω ỽ τ ϫ ồ Ϋ Λ ௨ ͠ ͯ ૹ ड ৴ ͞ Ε Δ ϩ ồ Χ ϧ ʹ ࣋ ͭ ܨ͙ͨΊʹ͸
    &5) Ͱͷσϙδοτͱ σϙδοτ૯ֹͷ ♤ ૬౰ͷϢʔβʹΑΔ ΤϙοΫ΁ͷূݴ͕ඞཁ શΦϒδΣΫτͷભҠޙͷঢ়ଶ ͕ϋογϡ໦˞ʹू໿͞Ε ͦͷ ϧʔτ஋͕ϒϩοΫʹॻ͔ΕΔ ঢ়ଶભҠ ˞
    ϋογϡ໦
    
    σʔλ܈ͷ҉߸ֶతμΠδΣετ ϋογϡ ɹ
    Λ໦ߏ଄ʹදݱͨ͠΋ͷͰ
    ෆ੔߹ͷݕग़ʹ༻͍ΒΕΔ ETH ( ) ⇒ ETH = Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) 2 3 ETH ⇒ ETH — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.42/81
43. DeFi ( ) (DeFi : Decentralized Finance) ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ( ) BTC, ETH ( ) (DEX)( : Uniswap) ( : MakerDAO/DAI) NFT (Non-Fungible Token)(DeFi ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.43/81
44. ( ) Ethereum (ex. ) (ex. ) ⇒ → — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.44/81
45. — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.45/81
46. ERC-20 ERC (Ethereum Request for Comments) 20 https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md (EIP: Ethereum Improvement Proposal) ← EIP ( ) contract ERC20 { function totalSupply() constant returns (uint totalSupply); function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint balance); function transfer(address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function approve(address _spender, uint _value) returns (bool success); function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint remaining); event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint _value); event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint _value); } name/ , symbol/ , decimals/ approve allowance ERC-777 ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.46/81
47. ERC-20 ERC-20 ← ( ) ( ) ⇒ ERC-20 ( ERC-20 ) ERC-20 ⇒ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.47/81
48. (fungible) ERC-20 → ERC-223 (draft) or ERC-777 ( )( ) (non-fungible) ERC-721 ( ) ( ) ERC-1155 ( ) ERC-3525 (ERC-721 ; SLOT SLOT ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.48/81
49. — τʔΫϯ ୅ସ՟ฎ εϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ ݕূՄೳͳঢ়ଶϚγϯ ϓϩϏφϯε དྷྺূ໌
    ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐෆೳ ୅ସՄೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐՄೳ ୅ସෆೳ ঈؐෆೳ ূ໌͢Δ ಉఆ͢Δ ࢧ෷͍౳ ࠷ॳͷԠ༻ *%
    Χʔυ౳ ηΩϡϦςΟ τʔΫϯ ূ݊ ౳ ηϯαʔ౳ ෺ྲྀɾ Ҩݴॻ౳ อݥਃ੥౳ ௥੻͢Δ ײ஌͢Δ தԝۜߦ σδλϧ௨՟౳ ҭ੒ήʔϜ౳ ൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ͔Βຊਓʁ ෛ࠴  Ξηοτͷ ਺஋දݱΛҠసͰ͖Δʁ ొ࿥͞Εͨίʔυͱ ͦͷ࣮ߦϩάͱ݁Ռͷ ਅਖ਼ੑΛ୲อͰ͖Δʁ ݖҖ͕
    Կ͔ͷ಺༰Λূ໌͢Δʁ ࣋ଓ͢Δଘࡏʹ͍ͭͯ ه࿥ΛΞοϓσʔτՄʁ ओମ͕͍ͳ͘ͳͬͯ΋ աڈͷσʔλ͸༗ޮʁ /'5 Ұൠతͳ ೝࣝ ػೳͷ ෼ੳ݁Ռ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.49/81
50. — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.50/81
51. transfer settle, retrieve asset, retrieve token 3 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.51/81
52. ( ( )) ( ) / / — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.52/81
53. — 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.53/81
54. token (ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token GitHub git clone $ git clone https://github.com/ks91/sample-smart-contracts.git sample-smart-contracts contracts, scripts tests token Token — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.54/81
55. OneTimeEscrow settle() function settle() public returns (bool) { require(_token_.balanceOf(address(this)) >= _price_); /* this */ require(_asset_.getOwner() == address(this)); _token_.transfer(_seller_ , _price_); _asset_.transfer(_buyer_); emit Settled(); /* */ return true; } settle() transfer $ brownie compile — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.55/81
56. (1) from brownie import * import pytest seller = accounts[0] buyer = accounts[1] def test_deploy_and_settle(Token, IndivisibleAsset, OneTimeEscrow): asset = accounts[0].deploy(IndivisibleAsset, "5322 Endo", "mˆ2", 300) token = accounts[0].deploy(Token, "Test Token", "TEST", 18, "1000 ether") — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.56/81
57. (2) token.transfer(buyer, 300, {’from’: accounts[0]}) escrow = accounts[0].deploy(OneTimeEscrow, token, buyer, asset, seller, 300) accounts[0]/seller accounts[1]/buyer 300 300 TX buyer seller 300 bake Token 300 ETH wei — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.57/81
58. (3) token.transfer(escrow, 300, {’from’: buyer}) asset.transfer(escrow, {’from’: seller}) assert token.balanceOf(seller) == 999999999999999999700 assert token.balanceOf(buyer) == 0 assert token.balanceOf(escrow) == 300 assert asset.getOwner() == escrow buyer ( ) 300 seller ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.58/81
59. (4) escrow.settle({’from’: seller}) assert token.balanceOf(seller) == 1000000000000000000000 assert token.balanceOf(buyer) == 0 assert token.balanceOf(escrow) == 0 assert asset.getOwner() == buyer settle() seller OK — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.59/81
60. : — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.60/81
61. 4. × OK Web3 2023 6 30 ( ) 23:59 JST ( ) Waseda Moodle — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.61/81
62. . . . . . . 37 33 (7/2( ) ) ( ) ( ) (12) / (9) / (9) / (4) / (2) / ( , ) (2) / (1) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.62/81
63. Y V2H Vehicle to Home V2G Vehicle to Grid ⇒ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.63/81
64. Y 5 Uber ⇒ Uber — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.64/81
65. Y ⇒ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.65/81
66. T × × ⇒ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.66/81
67. everywhere ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.67/81
68. ← (cybernetics) → (AI ) / — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.68/81
69. (cognitive) ( ) → → 28 ← . . . (http://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/convnetjs/) everywhere ( : iOS ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.69/81
70. (generative) ( ) ⇒ ( ) Individuals and interactions ( ) = ⇒ everywhere — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.70/81
71. ( ) Digital Twins Everywhere — SIEMENS (?) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.71/81
72. → 30 : × — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.72/81
73. OS (2007)→ ਓྨֶ ৘ใֶ ؀ڥֶ ࣾձֶ ܦӦֶ ੓ֶ࣏ ݱࡏ ϋʔυ ΢ΣΞ ΞϓϦέ ʔγϣϯ Ϣʔβ 04 ਓؒ ࣄۀ ۚ༥ܦࡁγεςϜ ਓؒ ࣄۀ ஍ٿن໛04 ࣗಈγεςϜ ࣗવ؀ڥ ஍ٿ ࣗવ؀ڥ ஍ٿ ۙະདྷ
    ೥࣌఺ͷΠϝʔδ ਓؒ ϝλ ɾ ωΠνϟʔ ௒ࣗಈԽ෼ࢄࣾձ؀ڥ ࣗવ؀ڥ ஍ٿ ۙະདྷ
    ࠓͷΠϝʔδ . . . . . . — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.73/81
74. Amazon Go → — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.74/81
75. ( JPY ) (MUFG) S (CBDC) (“Cause-Oriented Economy”) cf. ChatGPT ⇒ — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.75/81
76. (4 ) ( ) ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.76/81
77. → (AI ) → ( ) ← → → / / — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.77/81
78. : 30 30 — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.78/81
79. — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.79/81
80. 5. everywhere Web3 2023 7 7 ( ) 23:59 JST ( ) Waseda Moodle — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.80/81
81. miro miro ( ) — 2023 9-10 — 2023-07-03 – p.81/81