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分散システムの基礎知識 / Distributed Systems Literacy

Kenji Saito
November 29, 2017

分散システムの基礎知識 / Distributed Systems Literacy

2017年11月29日(水)、ブロックチェーンアカデミー「ブロックチェーン基盤技術 分散システムの基礎知識」にて使用したスライドです

Kenji Saito

November 29, 2017
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  1. ( ) SFC ( ) CSO (Chief Science Officer) 1993

    M.Eng ( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 17 P2P 2011 → ( ) — — 2017-11-29 – p.2/38
  2. 1. 2. 3. Paxos 4. 5. P2P 6. — —

    2017-11-29 – p.4/38
  3. A, B A-B m A B A B A B

    . . . — — 2017-11-29 – p.6/38
  4. 1. X 2. X C 3. C 1. 2. 3.

    reliable multicast — — 2017-11-29 – p.7/38
  5. CAP Consistency ( ) Availability ( ) Partition tolerance (

    ) ⇒ 3 C Eventual consistency ( ) . . . — — 2017-11-29 – p.12/38
  6. Consistency ( ) Strong consistency ( ) (safety) Eventual consistency

    ( ) (liveness) ↑ Weak consistency ( ) ↑ ( ) — — 2017-11-29 – p.13/38
  7. CS1 : CS2 : CS3 : CL1 : CL2 :

    : : (e.g. ) — — 2017-11-29 – p.19/38
  8. Paxos (1) : (The Part-Time Parliament) Paxos ( ) ↔

    ↔ ↔ ⇒ — — 2017-11-29 – p.20/38
  9. Paxos Paxos 2f + 1 Paxos f “byzantizing” Byzantine Paxos

    PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerance) PBFT — — 2017-11-29 – p.22/38
  10. (B)FT-CUP (Consensus with Unknown Participants) ( / ) : FT

    (Fault-Tolerant) : BFT (Byzantine Fault-Tolerant) P2P n FT/BFT — — 2017-11-29 – p.24/38
  11. State Machine Replication ( ) (by ) (since 1984) (

    ) ( ) . . . ( ) — — 2017-11-29 – p.25/38
  12. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (by )

    — — 2017-11-29 – p.26/38
  13. again n > 3f R F R > 2F ⇒

    — — 2017-11-29 – p.30/38
  14. 3 1. ( : UTXO ) ⇒ ( ) 2.

    ( : ) ⇒ 3. ( : ) TX ⇒ 2 3 — — 2017-11-29 – p.33/38