スマートコントラクトプログラミング / Smart Contract Programming

2021年10月25日(月)、慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクト B」2021秋 第3回で使用されたスライドです。

Transcript

1. B 2021 3 ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.1/63
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.2/63
3. ( ) 1 10 11 • 2 10 18 • 3 10 25 • 4 11 1 5 11 8 1 6 11 15 2 7 11 22 8 11 29 Discord B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.3/63
4. – Ethereum ( ) ( ) Ethereum (1) : ERC20 (2) : (3) : B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.4/63
5. 2. Ethereum macOS (Big Sur 11.6) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 20.04.3) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) Windows 10 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.5/63
6. Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.9 (10/6 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.6/63
7. Ganache CLI Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache CLI $ sudo npm install -g ganache-cli B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.7/63
8. Python3 macOS $ brew install python@3.8 python3 python 3.9 (12/2 ) 3.9 3.8 3.9 $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python@3.9 $ brew install python@3.8 /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 Linux $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-venv python3.8-tk 16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA ) python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.8/63
9. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.9/63
10. Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) ‘python3.8’ ‘python3’ $ python3.8 -m venv bbc1env $ source bbc1env/bin/activate (bbc1env) $ pip install -U pip (bbc1env) $ pip install wheel bbc1env ( BBc-1 ) ( ) (bbc1env) $ deactivate B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.10/63
11. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.17.0 (10/18 ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.11/63
12. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.12/63
13. contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM) (AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ~/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.13/63
14. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.14/63
15. 3. Ethereum ropsten B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.15/63
16. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (~/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.16/63
17. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Ropsten Testnet ETH Faucet 5.0ETH https://faucet.dimensions.network/ ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.17/63
18. ropsten ETH brownie console ropsten ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’ropsten’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "1 ether") B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.18/63
19. Ethereum B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.19/63
20. Ethereum Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 15 (= ) = ⇒ → Dapps ( / / ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.20/63
21. ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.21/63
22. . . . B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.22/63
23. vs. B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.23/63
24. = run B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.24/63
25. Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account ( ) Ether EVM EVM B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.25/63
26. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine Gas ( EVM = ( burn)) . . . B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.26/63
27. EVM : : ← : Solidity — JavaScript LLL — Lisp Vyper — Python Fe — Vyper Rust ← NEW! Solidity Vyper Python B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.27/63
28. Solidity ( ) pragma solidityˆ0.7.0; contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */ string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require (_owner == msg.sender); _owner = to; return true; } } B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.28/63
29. Ethereum B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.29/63
30. (1) : ERC20 $ brownie bake token B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.30/63
31. Solidity JavaScript ( , ) (constructor) ( ) ( ) Ether Ethereum B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.31/63
32. pragma solidity ˆ0.6.0; /* 0.8.x */ contract Token { ( ) : (EVM ) : constructor (...) public { /* */ : } function balanceOf(...) { /* ( ) */ : } : } constructor C (/* */ // ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.32/63
33. ERC20 ERC (Ethereum Request for Comment) 20 https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md contract ERC20 { function totalSupply() constant returns (uint totalSupply); function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint balance); function transfer(address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function approve(address _spender, uint _value) returns (bool success); function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint remaining); event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint _value); event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint _value); } name/ , symbol/ , decimals/ approve allowance ERC223 ( ), ERC721 (Non-Fungible) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.33/63
34. ERC20 ERC20 ( ) ⇒ ERC20 ( ERC20 ) ERC20 ⇒ B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.34/63
35. (fungible) ERC20 → ERC223 (draft) or ERC777 (non-fungible) ERC721 ( ) (partially fungible) ERC1410 (draft) (ERC1400 ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.35/63
36. Token ( ) string public symbol; string public name; uint256 public decimals; uint256 public totalSupply; mapping(address => uint256) balances; . . . name, symbol decimals : 2 100 1.00 mapping balances B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.36/63
37. Token ( ) event Transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value); Token function emit Transfer() ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.37/63
38. Token ( ) constructor( string memory _symbol, string memory _name, uint256 _decimals, uint256 _totalSupply ) public { symbol = _symbol; name = _name; decimals = _decimals; totalSupply = _totalSupply; balances[msg.sender] = _totalSupply; } msg.sender _totalSupply B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.38/63
39. Token balanceOf() function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256) { return balances[_owner]; } B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.39/63
40. Token transfer() function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool) { balances[msg.sender] = balances[msg.sender].sub(_value); balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(_value); emit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value); return true; } ( ↑ ) OpenZeppelin https://openzeppelin.org B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.40/63
41. (2) : B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.41/63
42. GitHub git clone $ git clone https://github.com/ks91/sample-smart-contracts.git sample-smart-contracts contracts, scripts tests token Token Solidity 0.5 0.6/0.7 (Token ) Solidity B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.42/63
43. (m2 ) 1 1 B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.43/63
44. IndivisibleAsset string public _name_; string public _symbol_; uint256 public _quantity_; address public _owner_; _name_ ( ) _symbol_ _quantity_ (m2 ) _owner_ ‘_’ Solidity . . . B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.44/63
45. IndivisibleAsset event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to); from to indexed B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.45/63
46. IndivisibleAsset constructor (string name, string symbol, uint256 quantity) public { _name_ = name; _symbol_ = symbol; _quantity_ = quantity; _owner_ = msg.sender; } B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.46/63
47. IndivisibleAsset getOwner() function getOwner() public view returns (address) { return (_owner_); } B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.47/63
48. IndivisibleAsset transfer() function transfer(address to) public returns (bool) { require(_owner_ == msg.sender); _owner_ = to; emit Transfer(msg.sender, to); return true; } require (function ) ( ) $ brownie compile B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.48/63
49. scripts/indivisible asset.py from brownie import * def main(): accounts[0].deploy(IndivisibleAsset, "5322 Endo, Fujisawa", "mˆ2", 300) SFC (300m2 ) ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.49/63
50. from brownie import * import pytest def test_owner_and_transfer(IndivisibleAsset): asset = accounts[0].deploy(IndivisibleAsset, "5322 Endo", "mˆ2", 300) assert asset.getOwner() == accounts[0] asset.transfer(accounts[1], {’from’: accounts[0]}) assert asset.getOwner() == accounts[1] try: asset.transfer(accounts[0], {’from’: accounts[0]}) done = 1 except: done = 0 assert done == 0 accounts[0] accounts[1] B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.50/63
51. $ pytest tests/test_indivisible_asset.py B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.51/63
52. (3) : B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.52/63
53. transfer settle, retrieve asset, retrieve token 3 B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.53/63
54. 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.54/63
55. OneTimeEscrow settle() function settle() public returns (bool) { require(_token_.balanceOf(address(this)) >= _price_); /* this */ require(_asset_.getOwner() == address(this)); _token_.transfer(_seller_ , _price_); _asset_.transfer(_buyer_); emit Settled(); /* */ return true; } settle() transfer ( / ) $ brownie compile B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.55/63
56. (1) from brownie import * import pytest def test_deploy_and_settle(Token, IndivisibleAsset, OneTimeEscrow): asset = accounts[0].deploy(IndivisibleAsset, "5322 Endo", "mˆ2", 300) token = accounts[0].deploy(Token, "Test Token", "TEST", 18, "1000 ether") B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.56/63
57. (2) token.transfer(accounts[1], 300, {’from’: accounts[0]}) escrow = accounts[0].deploy(OneTimeEscrow, token, accounts[1], asset, accounts[0], 300) accounts[0] accounts[1] 300 300 TX accounts[1] accounts[0] 300 bake Token 300 ETH wei B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.57/63
58. (3) token.transfer(escrow, 300, {’from’: accounts[1]}) asset.transfer(escrow, {’from’: accounts[0]}) assert token.balanceOf(accounts[0]) == 999999999999999999700 assert token.balanceOf(accounts[1]) == 0 assert token.balanceOf(escrow) == 300 assert asset.getOwner() == escrow accounts[1] ( ) 300 accounts[0] ( ) B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.58/63
59. (4) escrow.settle({’from’: accounts[0]}) assert token.balanceOf(accounts[0]) == 1000000000000000000000 assert token.balanceOf(accounts[1]) == 0 assert token.balanceOf(escrow) == 0 assert asset.getOwner() == accounts[1] settle() accounts[0] OK B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.59/63
60. $ pytest tests/test_one_time_escrow.py : settle() ⇒ Discord B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.60/63
61. B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.61/63
62. 1. (1) (2) Ethereum 1 2 2020 10 30 ( ) 23:59 JST B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.62/63
63. B 2021 — 3 — 2021-10-25 – p.63/63