What's new in PHP8.1

Transcript

1. What's new in
   PHP8.1
   

   View Slide

2. About me
   —
   !
   Christian Leo-Pernold
   —
   "#$%&'()*⛰,-.
   —
   /
   @mazedlx
   —
   ⭐
   github.com/mazedlx
   —
   1
   mazedlx.net
   —
   2
   gusch.fredl.at
   2/38
   

   View Slide

3. Version History and EOL 1
   5.6 2018-12-31 (2 years 8 months ago)
   7.0 2019-01-19 (2 years 7 months ago)
   7.1 2019-12-31 (1 years 8 months ago)
   7.2 2020-11-30 (9 months ago)
   7.3 2021-12-06 (3 months from now)
   7.4 2022-11-28 (1 year 2 months from now)
   8.0 2023-11-26 (2 years 2 months from now)
   1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP
   3/38
   

   View Slide

4. PHP 8.1
   will be released on 2021-11-25
   will reach EOL on 2023-11-??
   4/38
   

   View Slide

5. New
   Features
   5/38
   

   View Slide

6. Enums 1/3
   enum Suit {
   case CLUBS;
   case DIAMONDS;
   case HEARTS;
   case SPADES;
   }
   6/38
   

   View Slide

7. Enums 2/3
   class Card
   {
   public function __construct(
   public Suit $suit,
   ) {}
   }
   $card = new Card(Suit::HEARTS);
   7/38
   

   View Slide

8. Enums 3/3
   enum Suits {
   /* ... */
   public function symbol(): string
   {
   return match($this)
   {
   Suits::CLUBS => '
   ♣
   ',
   Suits::DIAMONDS => '
   ♦
   ',
   Suits::HEARTS => '
   ♥
   ',
   Suits::SPADES => '
   ♠
   ',
   };
   }
   }
   $suit = Suits::HEARTS;
   $suit->symbol(); //
   ♥
   8/38
   

   View Slide

9. First-Class Callable Syntax
   function add(int $a, int $b): int { /* */ }
   $foo = add(...);
   $foo(a: 1, b:2);
   9/38
   

   View Slide

10. Array Unpacking With String Keys
    $array1 = ["a" => 1];
    $array2 = ["b" => 2];
    $array = ["a" => 0, ...$array1, ...$array2];
    var_dump($array); // ["a" => 1, "b" => 2]
    10/38
    

    View Slide

11. Pure Intersection Types
    function count_and_iterate(Iterator&Countable $value) {
    foreach($value as $val) {}
    count($value);
    }
    11/38
    

    View Slide

12. Readonly Properties
    class Post {
    public function __construct(
    public readonly string $title,
    public readonly DateTimeImmutable $publishedAt,
    ) {}
    }
    $post = new Post('Title', /* … */);
    $post->title = 'Other title';
    Error: Cannot modify readonly property Post::$title
    12/38
    

    View Slide

13. new In Initializers
    class Controller {
    public function __construct(
    private Logger $logger = new NullLogger(),
    ) {}
    }
    13/38
    

    View Slide

14. New never Type
    function dd(mixed $input): never
    {
    // dump
    exit;
    }
    14/38
    

    View Slide

15. New array_is_list Function
    $list = ["a", "b", "c"];
    array_is_list($list); // true
    $notAList = [1 => "a", 2 => "b", 3 => "c"];
    array_is_list($notAList); // false
    $alsoNotAList = ["a" => "a", "b" => "b", "c" => "c"];
    array_is_list($alsoNotAList); // false
    15/38
    

    View Slide

16. Final Class Constants
    class Foo
    {
    final public const E = 2.71828;
    }
    class Bar extends Foo
    {
    public const E = 3.0;
    // Fatal error: Bar::X cannot override final constant Foo::X
    }
    16/38
    

    View Slide

17. New fsync/fdatasync Function
    $file = fopen("sample.txt", "w");
    fwrite($file, "Some content");
    if (fsync($file)) {
    echo "File has been successfully persisted to disk.";
    }
    fclose($file);
    17/38
    

    View Slide

18. Explicit Octal Integer Literal Notation
    // Hex 0x
    // Bin 0b
    016 === 0o16; // true
    016 === 0O16; // true
    18/38
    

    View Slide

19. New full_path Variable For Directory Uploads 1/3
    foo
    ├── dir1
    │ └── file.txt
    └── dir2
    └── file.txt
    19/38
    

    View Slide

20. New full_path Variable For Directory Uploads 2/3
    var_dump($_FILES); // PHP < 8.1
    array(1) {
    ["files"]=> array(6) {
    ["name"]=> array(2) {
    [0]=> string(8) "file.txt"
    [1]=> string(8) "file.txt"
    }
    ["tmp_name"]=> array(2) {
    [0]=> string(14) "/tmp/phpV1J3EM"
    [1]=> string(14) "/tmp/phpzBmAkT"
    }
    // ... + error, type, size
    }
    }
    20/38
    

    View Slide

21. New full_path Variable For Directory Uploads 3/3
    var_dump($_FILES); // PHP >= 8.1
    array(1) {
    ["myupload"]=> array(6) {
    ["name"]=> array(2) {
    [0]=> string(8) "file.txt"
    [1]=> string(8) "file.txt"
    }
    ["full_path"]=> array(2) {
    [0]=> string(19) "foo/dir1/file.txt"
    [1]=> string(19) "foo/dir2/file.txt"
    }
    ["tmp_name"]=> array(2) {
    [0]=> string(14) "/tmp/phpV1J3EM"
    [1]=> string(14) "/tmp/phpzBmAkT"
    }
    // ... + error, type, size
    }
    }
    21/38
    

    View Slide

22. Values in the
    full_path array
    are user-input, and must
    NEVER
    be trusted
    22/38
    

    View Slide

23. Fibers
    — PHP is now asynchronous. Kinda.3
    In essence, a Fiber is a code block that maintains its
    stack (variables and state), that can be started,
    suspended, or terminated cooperatively by the main
    code and the Fiber4
    4 https://php.watch/versions/8.1/fibers
    3 https://stitcher.io/blog/fibers-with-a-grain-of-salt
    23/38
    

    View Slide

24. Deprecations
    And
    Breaking Changes
    24/38
    

    View Slide

25. Resource To Object Migrations
    These changes are part of the long-term vision to
    convert all resources to dedicated objects.5
    finfo_file, finfo_open will use finfo objects instead of
    resources.
    5 https://github.com/php/php-tasks/issues/6
    25/38
    

    View Slide

26. Restrict
    $GLOBALS
    Usage 1/2
    What is no longer supported are writes to $GLOBALS taken as
    a whole. All the following will generate a compile-time error
    — Nikita Popov
    $GLOBALS = [];
    $GLOBALS += [];
    $GLOBALS =& $x;
    $x =& $GLOBALS;
    unset($GLOBALS);
    // Compile-time error
    by_ref($GLOBALS); // Run-time error
    26/38
    

    View Slide

27. Restrict
    $GLOBALS
    Usage 2/2
    Nikita analysed the top 2000 packages on Packagist,
    and only found 23 cases that will be affected by this
    change. We can conclude the impact of this —
    technically breaking — change will be low, which is why
    internals decided to add it in PHP 8.1. Remember that
    most of us will win by this change, given the positive
    performance impact it has everywhere in our code.6
    6 https://stitcher.io/blog/new-in-php-81
    27/38
    

    View Slide

28. Passing null to non-nullable arguments of internal functions
    str_contains("string", null);
    // 8.1: deprecation warning
    // 9.0: type error
    28/38
    

    View Slide

29. Autovivification on false
    $array = false;
    $array[] = 2;
    // Automatic conversion of false to array is deprecated
    29/38
    

    View Slide

30. Other Minor Changes 1/3
    — MYSQLI_STMT_ATTR_UPDATE_MAX_LENGTH no longer has an
    effect
    — MYSQLI_STORE_RESULT_COPY_DATA no longer has an effect
    — PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES now also works with
    booleans
    30/38
    

    View Slide

31. Other Minor Changes 2/3
    — Integers and floats in PDO MySQL and Sqlite result sets will
    be returned using native PHP types instead of strings when
    using emulated prepared statements
    — Functions like htmlspecialchars() and htmlentities() now also
    escape ' by default to '; malformed UTF-8 will also be
    replaced with a unicode character, instead of resulting in an
    empty string
    — date_sunrise() and date_sunset() functions, along with their
    INI values, are deprecated in favor of date_sun_info() function
    31/38
    

    View Slide

32. Other Minor Changes 3/3
    — The hash(), hash_file() and hash_init() functions have
    an extra argument added to them called $options with
    a default value of [] so it won't affect your code
    — New support for MurmurHash3 and xxHash
    32/38
    

    View Slide

33. Performance Improvements
    Between a 5% and 8% performance increase in
    comparison to 8.0.7
    — Dmitry Stogov
    7 https://github.com/php/php-src/pull/6627#issuecomment-773922448
    33/38
    

    View Slide

34. Where to go from here?
    — Read the blog post https://www.stitcher.io/blog/new-in-
    php-81
    — Also https://php.watch/versions/8.1
    — Subscribe to The Road to PHP 8.1 https://road-to-php.com
    — Follow @brendt_gd on Twitter https://twitter.com/
    brendt_gd
    — Wait for November 25th, 2021
    — Download the developer preview (8.1.0RC2)
    34/38
    

    View Slide

35. ICYMI
    — PHP Internals News (Blog and Podcast) https://
    phpinternals.news
    35/38
    

    View Slide

36. Thanks!
    Slides can be found at
    speakerdeck.com/mazedlx
    36/38
    

    View Slide

37. One more thing...
    37/38
    

    View Slide

38. We (Arbeiterkammer Wien) are looking for a Fullstack-Developer
    — Transform an existing CodeIgniter 3/jQuery/Bootstrap ( ) application to Laravel ( )
    — Freelance on an hourly basis or part-time employment (16 hrs/week)
    — Work with me
    — PHP (Laravel, TALL Stack)
    — JS (Alpine.js)
    — Git
    — TDD (PHPUnit and/or Pest)
    — MySQL
    — Metal
    — Beer
    — Food
    Hit me up a!erwards and we'll talk shop. Or write me an email (mazedlx@gmail.com).
    38/38
    

    View Slide