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Open Science Projects I would like to do

Open Science Projects I would like to do

Martin Fenner

April 13, 2015
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  1. Open Science Projects 

    I would like to do
    Martin Fenner

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  2. – Michael Nielsen
    Open science is the idea that scientific knowledge
    of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is
    practical in the discovery process.

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  3. Open Science Definitions
    • Infrastructure School

    Efficient research depends on the available tools and applications.
    • Public School

    Science needs to be made accessible to the public.
    • Democratic School

    The access to knowledge is unequally distributed.
    • Pragmatic School

    Knowledge-creation could be more efficient if scientists worked together.
    • Measurement School

    Scientific contributions today need alternative impact measurements.
    Fecher & Friesike (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_2

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  4. Infrastructure
    • Our scholarly communication concepts and tools have not
    properly adapted to today’s digital workflows.
    • The concept of a scholarly citation is a good example:
    • Thousands of citation styles that differ little
    • Limited standards and tools to cite data, software,
    reagents, or other resources
    • Confusion about formal vs. informal citations
    • Restricted access to reference lists and informal citations

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  5. – Wf4Ever Research Object Model 1.0
    http://wf4ever.github.io/ro/
    A research object aggregates a number of resources that
    are used and/or produced in a given scientific
    investigation. This aggregation supports access to those
    collected resources – or at least access to the
    identification of those resources.

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  6. Research Objects
    • Can we use the concept of aggregation in research objects
    to replace the traditional reference list?
    • What is the equivalent of the research object manifest file
    in JATS and TEI?
    • Can we agree on a standard to describe the relationships
    between research objects?
    • Convert a large set of scholarly works to research objects
    for analysis of associated resources.
    Belhajjame et al. (2014) http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.4307

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  7. Democratic School
    • The access to knowledge is unequally distributed.
    • One important barrier is the cost for creating and
    distributing scholarly documents.
    • Tools that make document creation and distribution easier
    and thus cheaper can help to increase access to
    knowledge.

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  8. Document Conversion
    • JATS and TEI have become the de-facto XML-based
    standards for scholarly documents.
    • Scholarly documents are written in Microsoft Word and
    LaTeX.
    • PDF remains the standard for reading scholarly documents,
    although people increasingly expect HTML and ePub.
    • Conversion of the author-submitted text is often manual,
    slow, and expensive. Or, important document structure and
    metadata are lost in the conversion.

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  9. Document Conversion
    • Can the conversion between formats be automated, or will
    we always need manual intervention? And how do we
    handle document versions?
    • Can we develop linting tools to automate the quality
    control of document conversion?
    • What enhancements/standards are needed for HTML/ePub
    to become an alternative to XML?
    • What features are needed for Scholarly Markdown to
    become an alternative writing format?

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  10. Collaboration
    • Formal and informal collaborations are essential
    components of the scholarly process.
    • Despite an increasing number of digital collaboration
    tools, conferences remain a mainstay of scholarly
    communication.
    • Presentation slides and posters are more difficult to find
    and access compared to journal articles and books.
    • Slides and posters offer a unique value compared to more
    formal publications, e .g. immediacy and conciseness

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  11. Conferences
    • Do conceptual work for increasing the discoverability of
    slides and posters, e.g. assigning persistent identifiers,
    creating a discovery index, or offering a repository
    • Track relations between slides, posters and formal
    publications.
    • Investigate social media activity around conference
    presentations, and correlate with later outcomes such as
    formal publication.

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  12. Measurement
    • It has become more important where you publish than what you
    publish. The journal article (in the right journal) is increasingly
    becoming the currency for promotion and funding.
    • Other research outputs are less visible, and metrics often not
    available.
    • We increasingly use metrics instead of individual judgement to
    evaluate researchers and research.
    • One unintended consequence is that assessment is more and
    more controlled by journal publishers instead of institutions or
    individual researchers.

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  13. Assessment
    • Discuss definitions and best practices for alternative
    assessment metrics
    • Collect metrics for novel research outputs, e.g. scientific
    software
    • Investigate data quality: differences between providers
    • Do conceptual model for the appropriate use of metrics to
    assess individual researchers
    Zahedi, Fenner & Costas (2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1041821

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  14. Discovery
    • While the role of the journal as a filter might have become
    less important, discovery of relevant scholarly content
    remains a major challenge.
    • While scholarly metrics are mainly used for assessment, they
    can also help with the discovery of scholarly content.
    • Altmetrics and usage stats are particularly relevant because
    of their immediate availability.
    • Little is known about the role of these metrics in the
    discovery process, e.g. in distinguishing popularity from
    relevance.

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  15. This presentation is made available under a
    CC-BY 4.0 license.
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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